Preschool

Question 1

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): BG

Answer 1

Wt: avg wt gain 5lbs/yr
Ht: grows 2.5 -3 inch/yr
Teeth - all in, no new teeth dev
General: legs elongate rather than trunk, muscle dev’s and bone growth not mature, prone to INJURY from sports (KNOW - BONE takes form of the break vs tendons/ligaments etc) 4 yr olds = usually 40lbs & 40inch

Question 2

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Motor Dev - 3 yr olds

Answer 2

3 yrs - rides tricycle, broad jump, balances on tiptoes, balances on foot for a few sec’s

Question 3

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Motor Dev - 4 yr olds

Answer 3

4 yrs - skips/hops on one foot, catches ball reliably (HUGE milestone - KNOW)

Question 4

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Motor Dev - 5 yr olds

Answer 4

5yrs - throws and catches ball well, balances on alt ft, begins to SKATE AND SWIM (SAFETY - KNOW), inc strength and refinement of gross motor abilities
Toys: scooters, bikes, training wheels, etc
HCP should help promote safety by encouraging swimming lessons

Question 5

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Fine Motor Skills- 3 yr olds

Answer 5

3 yrs - assembles simple puzzles, uses clay/finger paints, copies SIMPLE shapes (cross/circle), stacks blocks up to 9 high

Question 6

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Fine Motor Dev - 4 yr olds

Answer 6

4 yrs - copies crosses and squares, prints some letters, uses table utensils skillfully, cuts on a line (SAFETY issue)

Question 7

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Fine Motor Dev - 5 yr olds

Answer 7

KNOW - hand pref is established (dominant), laces (can’t tie) shoes, grasps pencil like adult, colors WITHIN lines, cuts and pastes simple shapes
We like for all 1st graders to be able to tie shoes

Question 8

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Drawing

Answer 8

3 yr - copies circles (can’t draw stick figure)
4 yr - can draw stick figure
5-6 yr - can draw sev body parts/facial features
Drawing is used to access intelligence, personality dev, and psychosocial adj

Question 9

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Motor Dev Summary

Answer 9

Drawing - child goes from scribbling at early toddlerhood, to copying shapes, to combining shapes at ages 2-3 yrs, to PICTORIAL REP at ages 4-5yrs

Question 10

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Stress and Coping

Answer 10

Stressors - sep from parents, super natural beings, ghosts, monsters, noises, “bad people”, and iINJURY/being hurt (the child having to give blood and being paranoid because he thought he had no more blood & would die)

Question 11

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Sexuality

Answer 11

Sex typing occurs, dev beh, personality, attitudes & beliefs approp for his/her culture and sex; this occurs through IMITATION and CHILDREARING practices (she talked about this a few times)

Question 12

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Play

Answer 12

-associative play: group play in similar act’s but w/o rigid org or rules
-Focus: STIMULATE IMAGINATION! gross/fine motor skills/social dev
-Begin cooperative play (children working together for a common goal/outcome)
-Imaginative/imitative play - dress up. dolls, vacuum cleaners, etc

Question 13

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Play Summary

Answer 13

Enjoy meaningful play, with emphasis on imitation (dress up etc) and imaginative (pretend), love to help out by the end of preschool, usually.

Question 14

Planning & Interventions

Answer 14

Pull of TV is strong. Parents must be actively involved in child’s TV watching. Rec’d no more than 2 hr/day. Parents MUST discuss characters/settings. Note: imaginary playmates are COMMON.

Question 15

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Theorists : Kohlberg

Answer 15

Preconventional - Stage 2: rules are followed WHEN it is in their IMMEDIATE interest, right action consists of what satisfies their need. Ex- catch a teacher’s back turned, THEN may not follow rules.

Question 16

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Theorists : Erikson

Answer 16

Initiative vs Guilt: Children are gung-ho about trying it all, but then feel guilt when they do and fail, and feel internally they may have overstepped abilities. Common for children to wish super negative things (this person to die/get sick, etc).

Question 17

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Theorists : Erikson

Answer 17

-Preconceptual (2 to 4 yrs)
-Intuitive thought (4-7 yrs) play, mostly fantasy, and imitative play super imp, and child goes from being all about themselves 24/7 to thinking about how other people feel/points of view

Question 18

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Theorists : How Do We Respond?

Answer 18

Tell children their wishes cannot make bad things occur, promote an active imagination, verbal warnings good form of discipline here, then remove child from certain situations if safety risk, recognize they need little guidance to play as superego/conscience is dev, be aware children appear to understand but may not actually, remember to them, thinking is “magical” without reference to causality

Question 19

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Social Dev

Answer 19

Individualism/seperation are complete now, are able to deal with changes in routine, but also have some fears, able to work thru difficult situations thru play (role playing BIG to express feelings), love silly humor (jokes a plus!), needs little assistance with eating, dressing, etc., more sociable, may start comparing themselves to others behaviors

Question 20

Preschoolers (3 to 6yrs): Lang Dev

Answer 20

Love to listen to stories, sharing activities with other kids, ask about their day!!!