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applied physiology > Presentation Questions > Flashcards

Presentation Questions Flashcards

1
Q

You have a patient with Type 2 diabetes and check their blood glucose levels prior to starting exercise. Their reading is 175 mg/dL. How would you proceed?
A. Ingest 15-30 g of fast acting carbs prior to starting
B. Initiate exercise and delay consumption of carbs until BG drops
C. Test for ketones and do not perform exercise if large amounts are present

DM

A

Initiate exercise and delay consumption of carbs until blood glucose drops

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2
Q

Glucotoxicity is when levels of glucose in the blood are too high and results in killing _________ cells in the pancreas that produce insulin.

DM

A

Beta cells

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3
Q

What is the BEST reason for an individual with diabetes to exercise?
A. Increasing muscle strength
B. Improve quality of life and happiness
C. Improve GLUT-4 mechanism to decrease blood glucose

DM

A

Improve Glut 4 mechanism to decrease blood glucose

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4
Q

Which of following is NOT a value you would expect to see in an individual with Type 2 diabetes?
A Fasting BG = 123 mg/dL
B. A1C= 7.1%
C. Glucose tolerance= 214 mg/dL

DM

A

Fasting BG = 123 mg/dL

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5
Q

Which patient is most at risk for developing OA in their knee?
a) 26 y/o female that is an active swimmer
b) 40 y/o male who has a desk job and stage 1 hypertension
c) 67 y/o male with a BMI of 28
d) 59 y/o female with an abnormal tibial tuberosity placement

A

D

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6
Q

What is often found at increased levels in a joint with Osteoarthritis?
a. Matrix Metalloproteinases
b. Proteoglycan
c. Pro-inflammatory Cytokines
d. 2 of the above

A

D

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7
Q

__________ is a moderately intensive exercise that is beneficial for a
patient that has osteoarthritis. (multiple answers can apply)

A

Brisk walking, Cycling, Swimming, Water aerobics, Light
gardening, Dancing

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8
Q

When would you advise someone to stop training with knee OA and seek
medical advice?
a. Patient has had a “bad day” and reports 4/10 pain throughout day
b. While dancing your pain increases throughout and lasts hours after
c. After swimming 500m the knee appeared more swollen
d. There is initial pain with biking subsides after 20 minutes in to the ride
e. Two of the above

A

E

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9
Q

Which of the following is an example of a modifiable risk for Parkinson’s Disease?
A. Genetics
B. Aging
C. BMI/Obesity
D. Autoimmune Conditions

A

C

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10
Q

Which of the following is NOT a sign/ symptom of Parkinson’s disease?
A. Resting Tremor
B. Poor Balance
C. Rapid Onset
D. Bradykinesia
E. Decrease in aerobic capacity

A

C

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11
Q

Parkinson’s Disease is a ____ deficency

A

dopamine

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12
Q

A patient with Parkinson’s comes to your clinic requesting an exercise program. They were previously involved in the
EXPAND program but stopped participating in 2020. What is the most appropriate intensity for an aerobic and resistive training
program for this individual?
A. 30%/30%
B. 50%/20%
C. 30%/60%
D. 50%/40%

A

D

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13
Q

During the 2nd trimester, exercise in the _____ position
should be avoided, as it could lead to reduced cardiac
output and venous return.

Preg

A

supine

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14
Q

Moderate physical activity during pregnancy helps reduce the risk of:
A) Excessive weight gain
B) Gestational diabetes
C) Postpartum Depression
D) A, B, and C

A

D

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15
Q

What form should you have your patient/client
complete prior to beginning an exercise program?
A) Par-Q
B) PARmed-X
C) Pre-Exercise Form
D) Pregnancy Review Form

Preg

A

B

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16
Q

When is it appropriate for a pregnant woman to
participate in a vigorous exercise program?
A) Only in the 1st Trimester
B) Whenever they want to. Don’t mess with a pregnant
lady.
C) If they were already active prior to pregnancy
D) If approved by their doctor

A

C

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17
Q

If a client presents to your clinic claiming that they want to make lifestyle
changes, what kind of training program should you prescribe?
a. moderate intensity aerobic training
b. low intensity resistance training
c. moderate intensity aerobic training supplemented with resistance training
d. low intensity aerobic training supplemented with resistance training

Obesity

A

C. moderate intensity aerobic training supplemented with resistance training

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18
Q

What hormone is involved in the progression of obesity?
a. insulin
b. epinephrine
c. luteinizing hormone
d. leptin

A

D. Leptin

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19
Q

A BMI of 35-40 is a _____ classification of obesity.
a. Class 1
b. Class 2
c. Class 3

A

B. Class 2

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20
Q

Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for obesity?
a. male
b. antidepressants
c. Hispanic
d. physical inactivity

A

a. male

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21
Q

_________ is one of the most
important risk factors of breast
cancer?
A. Reproductive factors
B. Estrogen
C. Lifestyle
D. Age

A

D. Age

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22
Q

What is the ACSM’s recommendation
for moderate exercise/week for
patients with breast cancer?
A. 90 minutes
B. 120 minutes
C. 60 minutes
D. 150 minutes

A

D. 150 minutes

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23
Q

What is a key measurement to take pre
and post-operatively with breast cancer
patients?
A. VO2 max
B. 1 rep max
C. Upper Extremity ROM
D. Rockport 1-mile walking test

A

C. UE ROM

24
Q

Your patient with breast cancer has
been referred to your clinic for an exercise
program. Which of the
following would be the most appropriate
for measuring exercise intensity for this
patient?
A. % RPM
B. Sets and reps
C. Borg Scale
D. HR Intensity

A

C. Borg or RPE

25
Q

Progression of Crohn’s Disease causes characteristic intestinal ulcers with intervening edema commonly referred to as ____ bowel.

A

Cobblestone

26
Q

Crohn’s is often resultant of many factors, which of the following is NOT a factor in acquiring this disease?
A) Genetics
B) Environment
C) Autoimmune disease
D) Gut microbiome

A

C. Autoimmune disease

27
Q

To avoid symptom flare up and reduce the likilihood of fracture due to low bone mass density individuals with Crohn’s disease should excersie with what parameters?
A) High weight bearing at high intensities
B) High weight bearing at low intensities
C) Low weight bearing at high intensities
D) Low weight bearing at low intensities

A

D. Low weight bearing at low intensities

28
Q

A patient comes in with a recent diagnosis of Crohn’s Disease. She is wanting an exercise prescription to keep her active but does not want a flare-up of her symptoms. Which is going to be the BEST exercise prescription for her to start?
A) Running 4-5x/week at 75% VO2max with resistance training 4x/week at 50% 1RM
B) Daily yoga and resistance training at 60% 1RM, 10 repetitions with 1 minute breaks between exercises
C) Daily 4-mile walks with sprinting intervals
D) Brisk walking 2-3 days/week and resistance training at 50% 1RM with 2-3 minutes rest between exercises

A

D. Brisk walking 2-3 days/week and resistance training at 50% 1RM with 2-3 minutes rest between exercises

29
Q

Your patient with CKD is showing signs of a
hypertensive crisis (>180/120). What
dysfunctional hormone(s) is most likely
causing this?
a. RAAS
b. Erythropoietin
c. Human growth hormone
d. Thyroid stimulating hormone

Chronic Renal Failure

A

A.

30
Q

You are treating a patient who has CKD and gets dialysis
twice per week. The patient expresses a desire to
continue exercising after physical therapy and would
like suggestions. What exercise guidelines would you
recommend?
A. Pt should do aerobic exercise 3-5 days per week at a light intensity.
Resistance training is not recommended.
B. Pt should exercise at a moderate intensity 3-5 days/week and do
resistance training 2-3 days per week. Patient should wait at least 1-2
hours after dialysis before exercise.
C. Pt should not exercise on days she has dialysis, but she should do
aerobic exercise at a light intensity 3-5 days per week and resistance
exercise 2-3 days per week.
D. Patient should not exercise.

A

B.

31
Q

A patient on dialysis has a permanent access port. Which of the following is recommended for this patient?
a. Resistance training should be performed 20 minutes after dialysis to increase blood flow to the port area
b. Avoid any exercise that applies direct pressure over the permanent access point
c. Avoid all exercise and resistance training for this patient
d. Both A & B are correct

A

B.

32
Q

> 1 out of every ____ US adults is estimated
to have Chronic Kidney Disease

A

7

33
Q

The most common type of Hepatitis you will encounter in the United states is type ________.

A

Type C

34
Q

Aerobic guidelines for chronic liver disease say that an individual should be performing at ____or____
intensity level.
a. Mild/ Moderate
b. High/Vigorous
c. Mild/Low
d. Low/Moderate

A

A.

35
Q

Symptoms of a Hepatitis infection will begin to appear how long after initial contact?
a. 2-12 days
b. 3-7 weeks
c. 6-10 months
d. None of the Above

A

D.
Symptoms may not present for decades

36
Q

A patent comes into the clinic with compensated cirrhosis. After calculating their Basal
energy expenditure, you come up with their value of 1500 kcals. After talking with them you
decide that they would fall under the mild activity level of training. Using the charts below
what would you calculate their daily calorie expenditure to be?
A. 1600
B. 2567
C. 1875
D. 2176

A

C

37
Q

For Resistive training in people that have chronic fatigue syndrome, which is the most accurate volume for someone just starting to add resistive exercise into their routine to try to increase quality of life?
A) 7 days a week, 3 sets, 12 repetitions per exercise
B) 1 day a week, 1 set, 12 repetitions
C) The volume that the patient can best tolerate
D) functional exercises as tolerated, progressing 1 set each week

A

C) The volume that the patient can best tolerate

38
Q

Chronic fatigue syndrome is characterized by
fatigue not due to ______ ____, not relived
significantly by rest, and not due to other medical
conditions.

A

Over exertion

39
Q

For aerobic training in people with chronic fatigue syndrome, which is the most
accurate volume for someone just starting to add exercise into their routine to try to
increase quality of life?
A) 150 minutes per week of moderate intensity
B) Exercise at home for 30 minutes in a reduced sensory environment at a moderate to
vigorous intensity (60% VO2 max)
C) 30 minutes of aerobic exercise outside 5 days per week during the day…
D) Exercise at home for 5-15 minute in a reduced sensory environment at a low to moderate
intensity (40% VO2 max)

A

D) Exercise at home for 5-15 minute in a reduced sensory environment at a low to moderate
intensity (40% VO2 max)

40
Q

A patient presents with the chief complaint of joint pain, upon initial interview, they reveal
that they have been feeling extra tired for the past 8 months. They also complain of
alopecia areata, hypertension, and incontinence. They are no longer attending their child’s
soccer games due to headaches, fatigue, and feeling overwhelmed. This individual also
complained of having troubles concentrating throughout the day.
What factors are indications for a diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome?
A) Headache, no longer attending child’s soccer game, hypertension, incontinence, and
feeling extra tired for the last 8 months
B) Arthralgia, headaches, troubles with concentration, not attending child soccer game due
to feeling overwhelming , and extra tiredness for the last 8 months
C) Hypertension, arthralgia, trouble concentration, incontinence, and feeling extra tired for
the last 8 months
D) Troubles with concentration, headaches, alopecia areata, hypertension, and feeling
extra tired for the last 8 months

A

B) Arthralgia, headaches, troubles with concentration, not attending child soccer game due
to feeling overwhelming , and extra tiredness for the last 8 months

41
Q

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hemorrhagic strokes?
a. High BP (hypertension)
b. Low BP (hypotension)
c. Alcohol abuse
d. Excessive use of blood thinners

A

B - Low BP; Hypotension

42
Q

Which kind of stroke is the most common?
a. Ischemic
b. Hemorrhagic
c. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
d. They are equally as common

A

A - Ischemic

43
Q

(Fill in the blank) For safety,PT’sshould use a gait belt with patients that have had a stroke because oftheir loss of ____. Additionally, the integrity of skin around any braces should be checkedfrequently because the loss of _____ may cause the patient to be unaware of pinching.

A

Balance and Sensation

44
Q

In addition to aerobic and resistive exercises patients who have had a stroke should also participate in
a. Neuromuscular activates (ex. Tai chi)
b. Extreme resistive training (ex. Power lifting)
c. Flexibility exercises (ex. Static stretching)
d. A and C
e. A, B and C

A

D: A and C

45
Q

Dennis is a60 year oldmale who had an ischemic stroke 4 weeks ago.He isnow working with you in outpatientphysical therapy. When talking during your 1stappointment with Dennis he mentions thathe hasbeen tripping overthings in his home. After further questioning and communicating with his daughter who brought him you discover thatDennis is a hoarder. Why is this asafetyconcern your patient?
a. It can be embarrassing to admit thatyou area hoarder, youdon’twant to hurt his feelings by asking more questions
b. After a strokeit iscommon to have a lack of balance/coordination, soit isvery important to have a clear walkway inhis home
c. With all the clutter around he may struggle to take care of his cat Mr. Mittens who he talks about all the time

A

b. After a strokeit iscommon to have a lack of balance/coordination, soit isvery important to have a clear walkway inhis home

46
Q

You are seeing a new patient who has recently had a SCI and is deconditioned. What are the aerobic guidelines
for this patient?
a) 45min vigorous exercise, 5x a week
b) 10min light to moderate exercise, 2x a week
c) 20min moderate to vigorous exercise, 2x a week
d) 60min light exercise, 7x a week

A

c) 20min moderate to vigorous exercise, 2x a week

47
Q

Which of the following would be recommended to a patient with orthostatic hypotension?
a) Wearing compression stockings
b) Limit physical activity
c) Limit water intake
d) Standing up faster than normal

SCI

A

a) Wearing compression stockings

48
Q

What can explain the impaired thermoregulation of a patient with a cervical spinal cord injury?
a) Impaired afferent communication
b) Enhanced efferent response
c) Decreased SNS innervation
d) Both a and c

A

d) Both a and c

49
Q

Autonomic Dysreflexia (AD) is most often associated with a _____ in blood pressure and a ____
in heart rate for patients with a SCI above T6, potentially leading to complications such as stroke, seizure,
cardiac arrest or death.
a) Decrease, Increase
b) Increase, Increase
c) Increase, Decrease
d) Decrease, Decrease

A

C) Increase, Decrease

50
Q

If a patient with RA comes into the clinic in a flared state, what is the next best
step for the physical therapist to take regarding the patient’s exercise
program?
a. Continue with high-intensity exercises (i.e. running)
b. Let the patient determine intensity level & recommend extra rest periods
c. Stop treatment completely until pt. is out of the flared state
d. Avoid stretching if coming to PT in the morning

A

b. Let the patient determine intensity level & recommend extra rest periods

51
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a(n) __________.
a. degenerative joint disease caused by the breakdown of cartilage between
joints.
b. autoimmune/inflammatory disease resulting in joint inflammation

A

b. autoimmune/inflammatory disease resulting in joint inflammation

52
Q

How might an exercise routine for an individual with RA differ from that of an
individual without RA?
a. Encourage patient to do 150 mins/wk moderate intensity exercise or 75
mins/wk vigorous intensity exercise (if tolerable)
b. Encourage exercises such as plyometrics and running to ensure a variety of
exercise types
c. Push through the pain if RA symptoms arise to complete the workout
d. Exercise in smaller increments throughout the day

A

d. Exercise in smaller increments throughout the day

53
Q

How does exercise influence symptoms of RA?
a. Exercise is a cure for RA
b. Known to help reduce depression and fatigue symptoms
c. Heals joint synovial membrane
d. Exercise does not improve symptoms of RA

A

b. Known to help reduce depression and fatigue symptoms

54
Q

When checking your patient list for the day, you find that the first person
coming in has diagnosed asthma. What are some precautions that you
may take on your first visit with the patient?
A. Ask your patient if they have any medication to treat their
asthma
B. Extend the warm-up period
C. Exercise at a vigorous intensity
D. Both A & B

A

D. Both A & B

55
Q

What is an example of a non-controllable risk factor for
asthma?
A. Stress
B. Atopy
C. Genetics
D. Both B and C

A

D. Both B and C

56
Q

Which of the following is true of asthma?
A. It is more prevalent in men and people of higher socioeconomic status
B. It is a restrictive disease
C. It is a problem with getting air into the lungs
D. It is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

D. It is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

57
Q

Increased ventilation causes the drying of airways and
bronchoconstriction due to the release of histamines
and prostaglandins. This is common in
______ asthma, one of the most
prevalent forms of asthma in athletic populations.

A

exercise induced

applied physiology (11 decks)

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