Principles of nutrition

Question 1

What is a macro nutrient

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, protein and fat
Needed in large amounts
Measured in grams

Question 2

What is a micro nutrient

Answer 2

Vitamins, minerals and trace elements
Needed in small amounts
Measured in milligrams and micrograms

Question 3

What is the role of protein in the body

Answer 3

Growth
Repair
Maintenance of muscles and cells
Needed to produce body chemicals eg enzymes and hormones

Question 4

9 examples of HBV proteins

Answer 4

Fish
Chicken
Eggs
Milk
Cheese
Quinoa
Quorn
Soya
Tofu

Question 5

4 examples of LBV proteins

Answer 5

Seeds
Nuts
Lentils
Beans

Question 6

How much protein do you need through your life

Answer 6

Amount increases as you grow until your an adult where it stays the same
Over 50 you need slightly less as you wont grow

Question 7

Consequences of protein deficiency

Answer 7

Wastage and shrinkage of muscle
Oedema
Anaemia
Kwashiorkor (enlarged tummy, brittle hair, failure to grow)

Question 8

What LBV proteins can you combine to provide adequate amounts of amino acids

Answer 8

Lentils + rice
Beans + rice
Houmous + pitta

Question 9

What are essential amino acids

Answer 9

They must be supplied to us through our diets (cannot be made by body)

Question 10

What are non essential amino acids

Answer 10

Can be made by the body

Question 11

What does HBV protein mean

Answer 11

Contains all the essential amino acids

Question 12

What happens if you have excess protein

Answer 12

Excess protein consumed is usually stored as fat, while the surplus of amino acids is excreted. This can lead to weight gain over time