Private Pilot I Final Flashcards

Question

Airfoil

Answer 1

Shape of an object when moving a force. Helps to produce lift. A structure with curved surfaces designed to give the most favorable ratio of lift to drag in flight, used as the basic form of the wings, fins, and horizontal stabilizer of most aircraft.

Answer 2

Upward force created by airflow as it passes over an airfoil. (Opposing force)

Answer 3

As the velocity of a fluid increases its pressure decreases. (Better performance closer to the ground)

Answer 4

For every action there is an equal opposite reaction

Answer 5

Air density is constant, Only can control where we fly and not the density. Coefficient of lift and velocity are constant can be changed. Velocity can be changed as well

Answer 6

Angle between the chord line and the relative wind (opposite direction of the flight path).

Answer 7

Increasing AOA increases lift Airplane stalls at the same AOA

Answer 8

create a controlled stall across the wing, At the root and not the wing tip. (If there is not stall strip the airflow will stay attached longer.

Answer 9

stagnation point is at the leading edge

Answer 10

stagnant point is under the wing, increases velocity and angle of attack. Causes the air flow to separate before the wing reaches the critical AOA

Answer 11

separates from the wing sooner, along the area of the wing. the fluid does not flow in parallel layers, the lateral mixing is very high, and there is a disruption between the layers. is characterized by the irregular movement of particles (one can say chaotic) of the fluid.

Answer 12

stay close to the wings and adheres. Is the smooth, uninterrupted flow of air over the contour of the wings, fuselage, or other parts of an aircraft in flight. Laminar flow is most often found at the front of a streamlined body and is an important factor in flight.

Answer 13

Greatest amount of lift the plane can produce without stalling.

Answer 14

There is not enough air flow to produce that AOA. Increasing AOA the air flow can go over the wing. No longer follows the curvature of the wing (Turbulent airflow)

Answer 15

sticks to the upper surface of the wing

Answer 16

Faster we go the more lift that is produced. Double airspeed we are going to quadruple lift

Answer 17

combined load of the plane. (opposes lift, always points down to the center of the earth due to gravity)

Answer 18

Straight and level flight Weight should be equal to lift (equilibrium) If lift becomes less than weight you lose altitude If weight is less than lift you gain altitude

Answer 19

88 to 111 Note: Maneuvering speed decreases with weight. Apply more force with heavier weight

Answer 20

forward acting force (opposes drag)

Answer 21

Force equals mass times acceleration. Mass of the air is moving opposite of the flight directional path Note: Heavier airplane you are producing more thrust

Answer 22

The force or wind generated behind a propellor

Answer 23

Propeller is an airfoil. Blade angle varies from the root to the wing. Root has more curvature and has less space to travel moves slower. Wing tip has greater distance to travel and moves faster.

Answer 24

Twisting propeller provides more lift creates uniform thrust Large AOA and pressure differences across the propeller Faster air results in lesser pressure in front of the propeller and more pressure behind the propeller

Answer 25

Maintaining a constant airspeed requires and even thrust and drag. (Equilibrium)

Answer 26

Rearward acting force, disrupted airflow, drag goes back. Acts rearward

Answer 27

created by an aircraft surface which interferes with the smooth airflow over the plane. Drag increases as airspeed increases.

Answer 28

Results from an object general shape

Answer 29

Generated by the mixing of different airflows. An airflow hitting different spots of the aircraft and mixing together. Very pronounced at sharp angles. At the sharp angles it breaks the laminar air flow.

Answer 30

Generated by aircrafts rough surface creating drag

Answer 31

byproduct of lift, wingtip vortices. Occurs whenever lift is produced. Decreases when airspeed increases

Answer 32

Source of induced drag, vortices increase the drag due to the energy spent and producing the turbulence. Point relative downward. Lift is perpendicular to the wind

Answer 33

increases the downwash. Greater when up in flight

Answer 34

Area reduced, induced drag. Ground limiting the downwash and flattening it out. Pushes lift vector up causing us to float down the runway. Causes induced drag to reduce

Answer 35

Greater size and intensity cause more of an induced drag and downwash

Answer 36

ratio of the wing length to its chord. Wing tips have less area to cover, less downwash and less induced drag. More of AOA. Not enough of maneuverability.

Answer 37

occurs whenever wings produce lift, strength of the force is determined by the shape of the wing. Greatest when plane is heavy, clean, and slow. Keep a High AOA (High pitch)

Answer 38

Lateral, longitudinal, vertical

Answer 39

Wingtip to Wingtip. Controlled by pitching (elevator Stabilizer

Answer 40

Nose to tail. Roll (ailerons)

Answer 41

passes through the center of gravity. Yaw (Rudder)

Answer 42

Increasing AOA, lift is greater than weight momentarily, increase power

Answer 43

Increase speed, decrease AOA, Weight is more than lift momentarily. Take power out for more control

Answer 44

Lift is acting inward and upward. Two components

Answer 45

vertically and opposes weight

Answer 46

Acts horizontal turns the plane and moves horizontal. Acts opposite to centrifugal force

Answer 47

Force acting outward of a body moving around a center.

Answer 48

increase pitch until the weight is acting straight down.

Answer 49

Steeper bank loses more airspeed. Use power so airspeed isn’t lowered.

Answer 50

Number of degrees an airplane

Answer 51

Combination of bank and angle of speed. Increasing airspeed

Answer 52

rate of turn is too slow for the angle of the bank. Plane is yawed outside the turning path. To re-coordinate you need to decrease or increase rate of turn.

Answer 53

Rate of turn is too great for the bank angle. The plane is yawed inside the turn. Centrifugal force Reduce the rate of turn or increase the angle of bank

Answer 54

maintain centerline with right rudder. Commonly when take-off.

Answer 55

Asymmetric propeller loading, downward moving blade generates more thrust and has higher AOA. Takes a bigger bite of air than the ascending blade. Occurs during high AOA. Shift thrust to the right causing a yaw to the left

Answer 56

Feel force 90 degrees from where the force is happening

Answer 57

tilting turning tendency of the gyro

Answer 58

at high speeds of rotation that go all the way back to the left rudder causing the plane to yaw to the left

Answer 59

Aircraft wants to yaw in the opposite directions of the turn. Caused by an uneven distribution of lift over the wings.

Answer 60

Amount of load placed divided by the total weight of the plane. Load factor of three. You can overload the plane causing damage to the plane

Answer 61

lost of lift over the wings. Exceeding critical AOA. Turbulent air over the wing in upper and lower cambers. Most likely to occur in private and commercial likely to happen in the pattern.

Answer 62

Things to consider- Take into account weight, bank, pitch How to know: Buffeting, less effective control, hearing the stall warning

Answer 63

Stall in an uncoordinated condition. Combination of roll and yaw. Uncoordinated yaw and ailerons

Answer 64

ingredients for a spin. Improper coordination, slow speed high AOA

Answer 65

transition to a stall to a spin

Answer 66

Aerodynamic forces are developed

Answer 67

Rudder Full Opposite (Neutralize when rotation stops) Elevator Forward (Break stall) Ailerons Neutral (equalize AOAs) Power Idle

Answer 68

Forces in level flight Increase thrust Increases A/S Increase Lift (V^2) Increase parasite Drag

Answer 69

Increase thrust & Pitch Nose up Increases AOA & Lift A/S stays constant Increased Induced Drag

Answer 70

Torque (or anti-torque effect)

Answer 71

Rudder is used to overcome adverse Yaw and coordinate the turn

Answer 72

FAA official authorization allowing for the operation of flight. (Don’t expire as long as the aircraft is up to date on maintenance)

Answer 73

These state that any u.s registered aircraft (91.401 91.403 91.405 FAR AIM.) Owner or operator is responsible to keep the aircraft in maintenance. Have all required inspections done. Aircraft must be prepared before you bring it back in. No one can fly a plane that has had recent maintenance

Answer 74

No person may carry Make operational checks Pilot is responsible for verifying that the plane is good to go

Answer 75

done 12 calendar months due a year the day the end of the month. Must be performed by A&P w Inspector authorization. Found in engine, airframe, and propeller

Answer 76

Every 30 days, date, degree of bearing error, place you did it, and signature of pilots. Only required for IFR operations. Private Pilots or greater can do a VOR check. In Class B airspace it is required for VFR

Answer 77

Maintenance time. Only have to be done for operations for hire. Can exceed this to up to 10 hours fling to a place where an inspection can be done. The time exceeded will count towards the next 100 hour. Has to be done by A&P mechanic

Answer 78

Required after every 56 days or 28 days if used for nav purposes. Can be done by anybody. Can’t be found in any sections of the binder

Answer 79

due every 24 calendar months. Must be done by a certified avionics shop. IFR only. Find it in avionics section

Answer 80

24 calendar months. Must be done by a certified repair station. Found in avionics section

Answer 81

Every 12 calendar months. Battery must be replaced after an hour of use or half of usable battery life. Hour of use can come from testing. Test it five minutes after the hour. Must be done by an A&P mechanic Engine Airframe Avionics Propeller

Answer 82

Minimize downtime, used by flight schools. Divide it into four sections. Every 50 hours of maintenance use it goes down. 4 inspections of 50 hours (200 hours). Has to be done within 12 calendar months. Can’t overfly that. Once a maintenance plane hits 50 hours the aircraft has to go down for maintenance.

Answer 83

Can be performed by anybody that holds a pilot's certificate

Answer 84

Replacing bulbs in the plane. Servicing landing gear. After you do the maintenance you have to make an entry in the maintenance section in the logbook. The date of completion, certificate, certificate of the person.

Answer 85

Legally enforced rules, put in place by the FAA to correct for unsafe conditions. You have to comply.

Answer 86

one time modification Multiple times are scheduled

Answer 87

contains recommendation from manufacturer. Advisory from the manufacturer to address a problem with the plane. The problem should be fixed.

Answer 88

Owners and operators should keep up with records Pilots should keep up with the maintenance records.

Answer 89

C-compass A-airspeed indicator A-altimeter A- anti-collision lights F- fuel quantity gages F- floatation devices O- oil temperature gages O- oil pressure gages T- tachometer M-manifold pressure gauges E- Emergency Location Transmitter (ELT) G- Gear position indicator S-Safety Belts Night F- Fuses L- Landing Lights A- Anti-collision lights P- Position Lights S- Source of power

Answer 90

Allows for the operation of the aircraft with particular and operative that isn’t functional to still fly.

Answer 91

FAA certification

Answer 92

ELT Annual and 100 hour found in Airframe section 100 hour and annual found in engine as well. Not ELT

Answer 93

an instrument which measures the working speed of an engine (especially in a road vehicle), typically in revolutions per minute.

Answer 94

A device for controlling the ratio between fuel and air entering an engine 's carburetor or fuel injection system.

Answer 95

a valve for regulating the supply of a fluid (such as steam) to an engine especially

Answer 96

The sudden release of heat energy from fuel in an aircraft engine caused by the fuel-air mixture reaching its critical pressure and temperature.