Protein,1st,2nd and 3rd Flashcards
What is the resulting chain of many hundred of amino acids?
Polypeptide(amino acids)
What is the primary structure of protein?
Is the specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
Why is the primary structure important?
It helps determine the final 3D structure shape of protein molecule and it shape is critical to its function
-changing an amino acid prevents the protein from functioning as predicted
How does a secondary structure form?
So the oxygen in C=O has a charge of negative and the Hydrogen on N-H has a positive charge so this opposite charges attract one another forming a Hydrogen bond between amino acids
Causing polypeptide chain to twist and fold into shapes (secondary structure)
What are 2 type of secondary structure?
1-alpha helix
The polypeptide chain twist into helical shape put in place by hydrogen bonds
2-beta pleated sheet the polypeptide chain fold into flatter,sheet like structure and hydrogen bond put them in place.
How do you know what secondary structure will be made?
Depends on primary structure
What is a tertiary structure in protein?
Is the interactions between R group
Is the overall 3D shape of polypeptide chain,so the secondary structure folds again.
Forming hydrogen bond,disulphide bridge and ionic bond
What depends on the tertiary structure?
On its function
For example the active site of an enzyme depends on protein forming a very specific tertiary structure
What is quaternary structure?
Is the association of several protein chains or 2 subunits into a closely packed arrangement
-it basically takes 2 subunits which are tertiary structure.
-forming a larger 3Dstructure
2-it shows us how the 2 subunits in protein is arranged.
What are prosthetic group?
Are non protein molecule forming part of protein structure,helping protein carry out its role
For example haemoglobin contain prosthetic group(haem) which binds to oxygen helping it carry out its role.
What are conjugated proteins?
Protein with prosthetic group
What is the role of hydrogen bond in protein?
(WEAKEST)
In the 2nd structure they play a role to be the peptide backbone together in a specific conformation.
Tertiary: hydrogen bonds contribute to the folding and stabilization of the entire protein,helping maintain the complex 3D shape.
What is the role of ionic bonds in protein?
(2nd weakest)
Stabilising Protein Structure: Ionic bonds can stabilize the tertiary structure of proteins by forming bonds between oppositely charged amino acid side chains.
What is the role of disulfide bond?
-Disulphide bonds help stabilize the tertiary structure of proteins
-by holding together different parts of the polypeptide chain.
-This covalent linkage is strong and can withstand denaturation processes.
How are hydrogen bond broken?
Ph change or high temperatures
