Proteins☘️ Flashcards
What is the function of membrane protein?
Acts as a adhesive(able to stick fast to surface)between cells
-providing space for up transport through the channel proteins including active transport,osmosis and facilitated diffusion
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water molecules from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution across partially permeable membrane
What is diffusion?
The movement of molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration area without the use of energy.
What is active transport?
The movement of molecule and ions through a cell membrane from a region of low concentration to high concentration using energy from respiration.
Tell me about the name of the protein on the membrane?
Intrinsic (in)
Extrinsic (out)
Intrinsic channel protein
Interegal protein:important to structure
-glycoprotein(glycarbon chain added to protein) it is a carbohydrate chain
-glycolipids: glycoprotein added to phospholipids
Tell me about the type of carrier proteins?
-Carrier protein(passive) water soluble are allowed through
-gated channel protein(let ions enter only if conditions are meet)
-channel protein allows ions through
-carrier protein(active) allow water soluble thought but requires energy (can move against conc gradient)
What is chloresterol role In cell membrane?
-Add strength to cell membrane
-binds to tail of phospholipids and restrict movement
-hydrophobic prevent water and dissolved ion loss from cell
-ensure that the fluidity of the membrane is reduced at high temperatures
How are cell surface proteins arranged and explain protein in deepth ?
Randomly arranged in cell membrane compared to phospholipids embedded in 2 main ways
I-ntrinsic protein
Completely span in the bilayer from 1 side to the other some acts as a carrier proteins and membrane bound enzymes (provide temporary binding site)
-glycoprotein:work in conjunction with extrinsic protein act as a recognition site for molecule like hormones.
-extrinsic protein:occurs on either surface of bilayer or partially embedded and don’t span the whole bilayer
Provide mechanical support or can act as receptors
What is glycoprotein consist of and act as?
Consist of carbohydrates attached to extrinsic protein
Act as a site of recognition (aimed at lymphocytes to recognise cell as self and not foreign)
What is glycolipid and consist of?location and function?
-Consist of carbohydrate covalently bonded with lipid
-located externally in watery environment out of the cell
-function as a cell surface
receptor for specific chemicals
What substances can diffuse freely through the membrane?
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, small uncharged molecules, water, fat soluble molecules
What is a molecule and ion and atom?
Atom:is a particle of matter that uniquely defines as a chemical element
Molecule:is a group of 2 or more atoms held together by attractive forces
Ions:any atom or group of atom that bears 1 or more positive or negative charges
