Protein homeostasis

Question 1

What is the primary site of protein synthesis in cells?

Answer 1

Ribosomes

Question 2

True or False: Protein synthesis occurs in the nucleus of the cell.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Ribosomes translate __________ into polypeptides.

Answer 3

mRNA

Question 4

What are the two main types of ribosomes found in cells?

Answer 4

Free ribosomes and bound ribosomes

Question 5

What is the process by which a protein assumes its functional three-dimensional shape?

Answer 5

Protein folding

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which of the following type of proteins is responsible for protein folding? A) Chaperones B) Glycosyl-transferases C) Polymerases D) Phospholipids

Answer 6

A) Chaperones

Question 7

Name the cellular structures responsible for protein digestion.

Answer 7

Proteasomes and lysosomes

Question 8

True or False: Proteasomes are responsible for degrading damaged or unneeded proteins.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Fill in the blank: Proteins are tagged for degradation in the proteasome by a molecule called __________.

Answer 9

ubiquitin

Question 10

What is the role of chaperone proteins in protein synthesis?

Answer 10

To assist in the proper folding of proteins

Question 11

Which organelle is primarily involved in the breakdown of cytosolic proteins into amino acids?

Answer 11

Proteasome

Question 12

Multiple Choice: Which process occurs in lysosomes? A) Protein synthesis B) Lipid synthesis C) Protein digestion D) DNA replication

Answer 12

C) Protein digestion

Question 13

What is the consequence of improper protein folding?

Answer 13

It can lead to diseases such as Alzheimer’s and cystic fibrosis.

Question 14

True or False: Ribosomes can only synthesize proteins from a single type of amino acid.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Short Answer: Describe the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis.

Answer 15

rRNA helps to form the structure of ribosomes and catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.