protists

Question 1

cell count of protists?

Answer 1

mostly unicellular, some multicellular

Question 2

how is climate change affecting protists?

Answer 2

acidic waters affect creation of protists’ outer shell -> food chain disruption

Question 3

how is coral bleaching caused?

Answer 3

dinoflagellates on coral lose chlorophyll pigment due to pollution

Question 4

how are protists classified?

Answer 4

by how they obtain nutrition

Question 5

what are the 3 categories of protists?

Answer 5

plant-like (autotrophs), animal-like (heterotrophs), fungi-like (decomposers, heterotrophs)

Question 6

another name for plant-like protists?

Answer 6

protophyta

Question 7

another name for animal-like protists?

Answer 7

protozoa

Question 8

another name for fungi-like protists?

Answer 8

moulds (slime + water)

Question 9

what is a major characteristic of plant-like protists?

Answer 9

contain chlorophyll, photosynthesize

Question 10

how is algae used in our daily lives?

Answer 10

agar products, petroleum, food, fertilizer

Question 11

what is phytoplankton?

Answer 11

unicellular algae that is a source of food for many organisms

Question 12

how do algal blooms aka red tides occur?

Answer 12

conditions for algal growth are favourable

Question 13

why are algal blooms a problem?

Answer 13

deplete water of oxygen and nutrients, other stuff dies

Question 14

what are the main characteristics of protozoa? (4.5)

Answer 14

heterotrophs, multicellular, reproduce via binary fission (usu), most don’t need a host (some parasitic ones still infect animals)

Question 15

how are animal-like protists characterized? (main + 5)

Answer 15

mainly: method of locomotion
also possible: organelles, life cycle, nutrition, parasitic vs not, reproduction

Question 16

spores are to bacteria as ___ are to protists

Answer 16

cysts

Question 17

what are cysts?

Answer 17

dormant protist form, formed in unfavourable conditions

Question 18

why are some fungi-like protists called slime moulds?

Answer 18

they leave a slimy trail behind when they move

Question 19

where are fungi-like protists typically found?

Answer 19

cool, moist environments

Question 20

how do moulds benefit the environment?

Answer 20

create topsoil by recycling dead organic material

Question 21

what is a pellicle?

Answer 21

an outer surface made up of a protein layer

Question 22

in what protists will you find pellicles?

Answer 22

euglenoids

Question 23

what is metaboly?

Answer 23

pellicle strips sliding over one another

Question 24

what supports the pellicle? (structures)

Answer 24

microtubules, spiraled around the cell

Question 25

what protist is flexible, has 2 flagella and is unicellular (always)?

Answer 25

euglenoid

Question 26

what is an example of a euglenoid?

Answer 26

euglena

Question 27

what protist has a role in algal blooms and bioluminescence?

Answer 27

dinoflagellates

Question 28

what protist is seaweed?

Answer 28

brown algae

Question 29

what protist has cell walls of opaline silica?

Answer 29

diatoms

Question 30

why is red algae red?

Answer 30

phycoerythrin

Question 31

which protists are endosymbionts with marine life?

Answer 31

dinoflagellates

Question 32

what material is a clear cell wall made of? and where is it found?

Answer 32

opaline silica, found in diatoms

Question 33

how do diatoms move?

Answer 33

gliding

Question 34

which 3 plant-like protists are unicellular (always)?

Answer 34

euglenoid, dinoflagellate, diatom green algae are mostly unicellular

Question 35

what protist does not have cilia or flagellates?

Answer 35

red algae

Question 36

name 2 protists that typically have 2 flagellates

Answer 36

euglenoid, green algae

Question 37

which protist has cellulose cell walls?

Answer 37

red algae

Question 38

which protist is colonial?

Answer 38

green algae

Question 39

what protist category do algae fall into?

Answer 39

plant-like

Question 40

what are dinoflagellates?

Answer 40

a type of algae

Question 41

what is an example of a ciliate?

Answer 41

paramecium

Question 42

what is an example of a radiolarian?

Answer 42

radiozoa

Question 43

what is an example of an apicomplexa?

Answer 43

plasmodium

Question 44

what's another name for apicomplexa?

Answer 44

sporozoa

Question 45

what animal-like protists are colonial?

Answer 45

choanoflagellates

Question 46

name 2 protists that contain opaline silica

Answer 46

radiolarians and diatoms

Question 47

structure of a radiolarian?

Answer 47

opaline silica skeleton, soft inner capsule

Question 48

where are radiolarians found?

Answer 48

upper layer of oceans

Question 49

what animal-like protist is parasitic?

Answer 49

apicomplexa

Question 50

what animal-like protist doesn't have a cell wall (usually)?

Answer 50

ciliate

Question 51

how do ciliates move?

Answer 51

using the cilia that line its membrane

Question 52

reproduction of apicomplexa

Answer 52

sexual or asexual can release spores that produce asexually

Question 53

what animal-like protist has a collar?

Answer 53

choanoflagellate

Question 54

what is the choanoflagellate collar made of?

Answer 54

interconnected microvilli at the base of the flagellum

Question 55

name 2 types of fungi-like protists

Answer 55

plasmodium slime mould, water mould

Question 56

what is an example of a water mould?

Answer 56

oomycota

Question 57

cell count of fungi-like protists?

Answer 57

unicellular or multicellular (slime moulds alternate b/w the 2)

Question 58

reproduction of plasmodium slime moulds?

Answer 58

sexual in damp conditions, asexual in dry conditions

Question 59

how do slime moulds act in dry conditions?

Answer 59

cease feeding, clump together - pseudoplasmodium, asexual reproduction

Question 60

what is a pseudoplasmodium?

Answer 60

an aggregation of amoeboid slime mould cells

Question 61

how do slime moulds move?

Answer 61

flagella or pseudopods

Question 62

do slime moulds live as single cells or in a group?

Answer 62

both...

Question 63

why do water moulds resemble fungi?

Answer 63

tube-like structures on their bodies called mycelia

Question 64

how do protists reproduce sexually?

Answer 64

conjugation, exchange genetic material through cell membrane

Question 65

what is a sporophyte?

Answer 65

diploid organism that produces haploid spores

Question 66

what is a gametophyte?

Answer 66

haploid organism that produces haploid sex cells

Question 67

what are gametes?

Answer 67

haploid sex cells