Protists Flashcards
what domain are protists under?
eurkayotic cell which makes up of organelles, plasma membrane, cellular division (mitosis, meiosis)
what are the four eukaryotic kingdoms?
animalia, plant, fungi and protista
protozoa:
-diverse group defined by three characteristics?
-require what kind of environments?
-few?
-morphology?
-Eukaryotic, Unicellular, Lack a cell wall
-Require moist environments: Fluids (Ponds, lakes) or Soils (Mud, sand, Detritus)
-few are pathogenic
-Basic EUK cell, Mitochondrial variation, Vacuole presence, Motile by means of cilia, flagella, and/or pseudopodia
protozoa:
-all have?
-some have?
-most are?
-few?
-reproduction?
-All have a motile feeding stage: Trophozoite
-Some have a resting stage: Cyst
-Most are Chemoheterotrophic: Saprophytic
-Few Photoautotrophic: algal plants
-Reproduction: Asexual (Binary Fission, Schizogony) and Sexual (Auto-gametocytes→ Zygotes)
protozoa Taxa
PA RACED
-Parabasala
-Alveolates: C. Ciliates, C. Apicomplexans, C. Dinoflagellates
–Radiolaria
–Amoebozoa: C. Plasmodial, C. Cellular
-Cercozo
–Euglenozoa: C. Euglenids, C. Kinetoplastids
–Diplomonadida
Protozoa:
-common/original sub-phyla
-Sarcodina: Pseudopod (rhizopods)
–Mastigophora: Flagella
–Ciliophora: Cilia
–Sporozoa (apicomplexan): Non-motile, Spore-forming
Protozoa life cycles may be:
-Haplontic: Vegetative (i.e. actively feeding and asexually reproducing) cells are haploid, the zygote being the only diploid cell in the life cycle
–Diplontic: Vegetative cells are diploid, the gametes being the only haploid cells in the life cycle
-Diplohaplontic: Alternation of diploid and haploid vegetative generations
Phylum Parabasala
lack?
body?
2 species
protoza
-Lack mitochondria
-Parabasal body: Golgi bodies
–Trichonympha: Termite digestion
-Trichomonas: Trichomoniasis
Phylum Alveolates:
protozoa
-Alveoli
-Tubular Mitochondria Cristae
-Sub-divisions: Ciliates, Apicomplexans, Dinoflagellates
–Ciliates: Chemoheterotrophs, Binucleate (Macro which are long and Micro)
– G.Vorticella
– G.Balantidium
– G.Paramecium
–Apicomplexans: animalia parasitic, spore-forming
–dinoflagellates: Photosynthetic, Bi-flagellate, Large proportion of plankton (Some Bioluminescent or Rhodo-pigmented), Neurotoxins (Gymnodinium, Gonyaulax)
phylum cercozoa
protozoa
-Amoeboid + Some Flagellates: Some with Chloroplasts
-Pseudopodia (thread)
-Amorphous
-Shelled (mineral skeleton): CaCO3
– Foraminifera
radiolaria
phylum?
aka?
characteristics?
mostly?
protozoa
(a.k.a. radiozoa)
* Amoeboid, Pseudopodia (thread), Radially centered, Shelled (mineral skeletons) : SiO2
* Mostly zooplankton
amoebozoa
protozoa
-Amoebae
–Pathogenic: Free-living (cerebral/ocular damage), Naegleria, Acanthamoeba
* Parasitic (dysenteric): Entamoeba
* Slime molds: Plasmodial (Myxogastria), Cellular (Dictyosteliida), Protosteloids
Slime Molds that are Plasmodial (Acellular): Amoebozoa
protozoa (eukaryota)
-Spores become myxoamoebae
-Myxoamoebae fuse together to Protozoa
Slime molds that are Cellular : Amoebozoa
-Exists as haploid myxamoebae
-Life Cycle is Food-abound, Reproduce by mitosis
-Scarcity:
* Myxoamoeba gather into pseudoplasmodium Slug
* Slug migrates for food and forms Fruiting body (Sporangium)
* Sporangia release spores (individual cells)
Euglenozoa
protozoa
-Modified flagella
-Disc-shaped cristae in Mitochondria
-2 types: Euglenids, Kinetoplastids
