Protozoal infections - 5B Flashcards
(31 cards)
how do protozoa reproduce
asexually
what are protozoa
- single cells eukaryotic microbes
what are protozoa usually
- form cysts
- often motile
- acquire nutrients by direct uptake of compounds or ingestion
what are the 2 things protozoa be?
- natural living
- parasites
what relationship is paratism?
symbiotic
what are the 4 key protozoas?
- Amoeba
- Flagellate
- Apicomplexa
- Ciliate
how is entamoeba histolytic spread?
by contaminated water or food -> ingestion of cysts
what can entamoeba histolytic invade?
INTESTINAL WALL- > DYSENTERY AS WELL AS BRAIN, LIVER AND LUNGS FORMING ABSCESSES
what do amoeba target in entamoeba histolytic ?
gut MUCOSA cells and cause amoebic dysentery, appendicitis and toxic megacolon
can entamoeba histolytic be fatal?
yes, the fulminant can be
how many infections can entamoeba histolytic have
500 million
name 2 treatments of entamoeba histolytic
metronidazole to target trophozoites
iodoquinol to target cysts
what can giardia lamblia be carried by?
animals
what is the minimum infective dose of Giardia lamblia
10 cysts
what are symptoms of Giardia lamblia
can be asymptomatic
diarrhoea
malabsorption
can be chronic as cysts can be resistant
what can metronidazole do for Giardia lamblia
inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
when do drugs work for Giardia lamblia
when PARTIALLY REDUCED (only in protozoa)
what is another treatment for Giardia lamblia and what does it do
- QUINACRINE
- interferes with electron transport and furazolidone interferes with DNA replication
what can reduce transmissions of infections
- hand washing after defecation
- using a toilet
what do cysts rely on to survive?
faeces in environment and finding a new host
how is Trichomonas vaginalis spread
- sexual intercourse
- indirectly
what does Trichomonas vaginalis infect?
vagina
prostate
seminal vesicles and urethra
who is Trichomonas vaginalis symptomatic in?
women
not in men
symptoms of Trichomonas vaginalis?
yellowish discharge
itching and burning
