Protozoan Groups

Question 1

Protozoa - Characteristics

1. The kingdom Protista is undergoing \_\_\_\_\_\_ revisions
2. `` eukaryotes, but many are colonial
3. Internal specialization, often very complex
4. Microscopic (colonials can be microscopic)
5. All symmetries found in the “group”
6. All feeding modes found in the “group”

Answer 1

1. Major
2. Unicellular

Question 2

Kingdom Protista - habitats

Most are `` in any aquatic habitat-freshwater and marine, including thin films of moist soils

Answer 2

Free-living

Question 3

Kingdom Protista - habitats

Algae are the base of the `` in aquatic habitats exposed to sunlight

Answer 3

Food web

Question 4

Kingdom Protista - habitats

Parasitic protists have `` life cycles with multiple habitats, including multiple hosts

Answer 4

Complex

Question 5

Protozoan characteristics

Why are most protozoans more complex than many of the cells in your body?

Answer 5

Because cells have various systems that take care of various parts whereas protozoans have to do everything to survive

Question 6

Protozoan Characteristics

What is the term denoting structures found within a cell?

Answer 6

Organelles

Question 7

Kingdom Protista - Nutrition

T/F: Protozoa are not heterotrophs

Answer 7

False

Question 8

Kingdom Protista - Nutrition

T/F: Most protozoa are able to ingest whole prey

Prey includes smaller protozoa and maybe bacteria

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Kingdom Protista - Nutrition

The process of protozoa eating is called ``

Answer 9

Phagocytosis

Question 10

Protozoan Life Forms

Protozoa can be unicellular or ``

Answer 10

Colonial

Question 11

Protozoan Life Forms

How does algae differ from plants?

Answer 11

They don’t have tissues

Question 12

Protozoan reproduction

What are the two main types of asexual reproduction that occur in protozoa?

1: A form of mitotic division
2: Multiple fission/schizogany: Repeated nuclear divisions followed by simultanous cytokinesis

Answer 12

1. Binary fission
2. Multiple fission/schizogany

Question 13

Protozoan reproduction

What are the two main types of sexual reproduction that occur in protozoa?

1. The fertilization of one haploid gamete by another (i.e. Volvox)
2. The mutual exchange of genetic material

Answer 13

1. Syngamy
2. Conjugation

Question 14

Protozoan locomotion

``` are small, hairlike structures, usually very numerous

Answer 14

Cilia

Question 15

Protozoan locomotion

Flagella have long, ``-like, few in number

Answer 15

Whip

Question 16

Protozoan Locomotion

What are pseudopodia?

Answer 16

Fluid extensions of cell

Question 17

Protozoan Locomotion

What are characteristics of lobopodia?

Think Amoeba

Answer 17

Blunt, temporary

Question 18

Protozoan Locomotion

Axopodia has long, thin with `` rod

Answer 18

Rigid

Question 19

Protozoan Locomotion

Reticulopodia characteristics (2):

Answer 19

1. Branching
2. Net-like

Question 20

Protozoan gas exchange

How does gas exchange (respiration) occur in protozoans?

Answer 20

Through simple diffusion from high to low concentration

Question 21

Protozoan gas exchange

T/F: Diffusion occurs across the cell membrane which limits how large they can be because the surface-area-to-volume ratio decreases as they get bigger

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Protozoan excretion

What is excretion?

Answer 22

The removal of metabolic waste from cells/body

Question 23

Protozoan excretion

What is the major end product of protein metabolism in protozoans?

Answer 23

Ammonia

Question 24

Protozoan osmoregulation

What is osmoregulation?

Answer 24

Maintaining the appropriate solute/water balance (part of homestasis)

Question 25

# Protozoan osmoregulation What is the osmoregulatory challenge for freshwater protozoa?

Answer 25

Excess water through osmosis

Question 26

# Protozoan osmoregulation What is osmosis?

Answer 26

Similar to diffusion; a physical process to "even out" the concentration of a solute

Question 27

# Protozoan osmoregulation If the solute cannot move through a barrier what happens?

Answer 27

The water moves

Question 28

# Protozoan osmoregulation Freshwater protozoa use 1. vacoules to gather and eject excess water

Answer 28

1. Contractile

Question 29

# Protozoan osmoregulation What is exocytosis?

Answer 29

The process in which freshwater protozoa use contractile vacoules to gather and eject excess water

Question 30

# Phylum Euglenozoa Euglenozoa have: - a thick outer membrane called a 1. - a locomotory 2. - and some have 3. and a 4.

Answer 30

1. Pellicle 2. Flagellum 3. Chlorophyll 4. Red eyespot

Question 31

# Protozoan osmoregulation Euglenozoa are saprozoic (absorb 1.) and many are autotrophic (2.)

Answer 31

1. Nutrients 2. Photosynthesizers

Question 32

# A parasitic Euglenozoan Trypanosoma causes ???? in humans

Answer 32

African Sleeping Sickness

Question 33

# A parasitic Euglenozoan What is the vector of the protist Trypanosoma? ## Footnote Think insect

Answer 33

The Tsetse fly

Question 34

# A parasitic Euglenozoan Trypanosoma is a 1-shape cell with an undulating membrane driven by a flagellum

Answer 34

Sickle