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Zoology > Roundworms - Nematoda > Flashcards

Roundworms - Nematoda Flashcards

1
Q

Nematodes have ________ body cavities

A

False

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2
Q

What is the biggest type of Nematodea? (2)

A
  1. Nematoda
  2. Nematomorpha
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3
Q

What are the unusual types (ocean dwellers)

A
  1. Kinorhyncha
  2. Priapulida
    3.Loricifera
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4
Q

What habitats are Nematodes found in?

A
  1. Marine
  2. Freshwater
  3. Interstitial
  4. Endophytic
  5. Endozoic
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5
Q

T/F: Roundworms have a muscular gut that helps them push food through it

A

True!

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6
Q

T/F: Roundworms have a short, muscular intestine

A

False

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the intestine?

A

Absorption

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8
Q

T/F: Roundworms do not have anuses

A

False

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9
Q

What is the body wall made out of?

A

A collagenous, non-cellular cuticle

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10
Q

What does the cuticle secrete?

A

The syncytial hypodermis

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11
Q

T/F: Roundworms have a longitudinal muscle but no circular muscle

A

True

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12
Q

Do nematodes have a rigid skeletal structure?

A

No

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13
Q

T/F: The cuticle of a worm is designed to be strong, elastic, and non-stretchy

A

True

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14
Q

FITB: Internal turgor pressure is useful for _______ and ____________ support

A
  1. Movement
  2. Structural
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15
Q

What is the main function of longitudinal muscles?

A

To pull one side of the worm (which increases the internal turgor pressure) which allows the worm to be bendy like a spring

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16
Q

T/F: When muscles relax, pressure (fluid) does not straighten out the worm

A

False

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17
Q

How do worms control their overall internal pressure?

A

Osmoregulation

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18
Q

What is a key structure in a nematodes nervous system?

A

Dorsal and ventral nerve cords

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19
Q

Nematodes have ___ lateral excretory ducts & gland cells

A

2

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20
Q

T/F: Nematodes have protonephridia and flame cells

A

False; they don’t have either

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21
Q

T/F: Roundworms have circulatory and respiratory systems

A

False; they are very simple animals (have a body cavity instead)

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22
Q

Nematode’s body size and shape allows them to perform which process?

A

Diffusion

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23
Q

Are nematodes monoecious or dioecious?

A

Dioecious

24
Q

Do nematodes complete fertilization through external or internal fertilization?

A

Internal; remember the diagram

25
Q

This or that: In regards to the reproductive system, which sex type has posterior copulatory spicules?

A

Male

26
Q

T/F: Copulatory spicules are true intromittant organs

A

False

27
Q

Is sperm actively transported during reproduction?

A

No

28
Q

T/F: Sperm are ameboid

A

True

29
Q

T/F: The male has a combined ovary and vitelline gland with a genital pore for copulation and egg release

A

False; the female has all of these parts

30
Q

In reproduction terms, how many “juvenile stages” are gone through with 4 cuticle molts?

A

4

31
Q

What is the name of the most famous nematode?

A

Eutely

32
Q

FITB: Eutely nematodes are composed of the same number of ______ in all individuals in a species

A

Cells

33
Q

Are most animals eutelic?

A

No

34
Q

What is the scientific name of Eutely?

A

Caenorhabditis elegans

35
Q

Parasitic nematodes include __________, _________, and ___________

HPW

A
  1. Hookworm
  2. Pinworm
  3. Whipworm
36
Q

T/F: Ringworm is a fungus

A

True

37
Q

What is the name of the intestinal parasites of mammals?

A

Ascaris

38
Q

What ascarid is commonly found in dogs and cats?

A

Toxocara

39
Q

Toxocara is transmitted when juveniles migrate from their host to the host’s __________

A

Offspring

40
Q

T/F: Toxocara crawls under your skin

A

True

41
Q

Can Toxocara be transmitted to humans causing visceral larva migrans?

A

Yes

42
Q

Can Toxocara finish its lifecycle in humans?

A

No

43
Q

What 2 genera are included in Hookworms?

A
  1. Necator
  2. Anclyostoma
44
Q

This or that: Hookworms have a distinctive anterior/posterior hook shape

A

Anterior

45
Q

T/F: Hookworms can be transmitted orally or burrowing into human skin

A

True

46
Q

T/F: Hookworms are not a migrating species in humans or other hosts

A

False

47
Q

Hookworms migrate from the bloodstream to which other part of the body in humans?

A

The gut

48
Q

Hookworms are ______-suckers in the gut

A

Blood

49
Q

T/F: Hookworms can cause anemia in humans

A

True

50
Q

What is the causative agent of trichinosis?

A

Trichinella spiralis

51
Q

What is the mode of transmission for Trichinella?

A

Eating undercooked pork/wild game with encysted larvae inside

52
Q

T/F: Trichinella juveniles are not intracellular parasites that can redirect gene expression

A

False; they are and can!

53
Q

Are pinworms dangerous?

A

No, just a nuisance

54
Q

T/F: Children are prone to get pinworms

A

True

55
Q

FITB: Dracunculus is a ________ nematode that develops just below the skin

A

African

56
Q
A

Zoology (13 decks)

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