Provided Final Questions

Question 1

A theory of leadership that focuses on the mechanisms of changing the perceptions of the work itself, offering a positive future vision, and heightening individual and group self-efficacy is best called which of the following?

a. Transformational Leadership Theory
b. Path-Goal Theory of Leadership
c. Situational Leadership Theory
d. Charismatic Leadership Theory

Answer 1

a. Transformational Leadership Theory

Question 2

Which of the following would be most accurate in regard to current thinking about the relationships between human traits and leadership effectiveness?

a. Human traits are predetermined at birth and there is little ability to change them as we develop.
b. Trait Theory is a new development in leadership research; although there is limited empirical evidence, the research to date appears promising as an explanation for leader effectiveness.
c. Traits may help us understand how a particular leader might be perceived, but there is little recent research to validate Trait Theory as effective in linking leaders with leadership outcomes.
d. The connection between traits and leader outcomes has only been shown to have a strong correlation in strategies related to Transactional Leadership Theory.

Answer 2

c. Traits may help us understand how a particular leader might be perceived, but there is little recent research to validate Trait Theory as effective in linking leaders with leadership outcomes.

Question 3

A theory of leadership that focuses on identifying the relationship between task characteristics and employee readiness and matching a supervisory response is best called:

a. Servant Leadership Theory.
b. Path-Goal Theory of Leadership.
c. Transformational Leadership Theory.
d. Situational Leadership Theory.

Answer 3

d. Situational Leadership Theory.

Question 4

In discussing evidence-based practice papers, reports and other documents that are not controlled by commercial publishers but that are a useful and valid form of evidence would best be referred to as:

a. Quasi-evidential literature.
b. Grey literature.
c. Public domain documents.
d. Critically appraised documents.

Answer 4

b. Grey literature.

Question 5

All of the following were identified as challenges to using an evidence-based approach to management by occupational therapy managers except:

a. Access to electronic journals and scientific forms of evidence.
b. Time to find and carefully assess the evidence.
c. Little evidence exists on management-related questions.
d. The amount of evidence available can be overwhelming.

Answer 5

c. Little evidence exists on management-related questions.

Question 6

Which of the following is most accurate regarding the typologies you might select to evaluate evidence related to management questions?

a. Because using an evidence-based approach to occupational therapy management is so new, there have not been any appropriate typologies for evaluating related evidence identified.
b. Although there are variations in the approaches used by different scholars and sources, most use similar approaches to assigning a level to the evidence that is being examined.
c. There is wide variation in the approaches used in various typologies for evaluating evidence, and they have little in common.
d. There is a single universal typology for evaluating all forms of evidence that has been identified for use with the occupational therapy management literature.

Answer 6

b. Although there are variations in the approaches used by different scholars and sources, most use similar approaches to assigning a level to the evidence that is being examined.

Question 7

Symbolic actions—words and/or deeds that have sequence and meaning for those who live, create, or interpret them—are a key element of which of the following?

a. Modern rhetoric
b. Cybernetics
c. Narrative
d. Proxemics

Answer 7

c. Narrative

Question 8

A key element of Shannon and Weaver’s information theory related to improving the reliability and use of information is:

a. Reduction of uncertainty.
b. Visual mapping.
c. Information coding.
d. None of the above.

Answer 8

a. Reduction of uncertainty.

Question 9

A common type of business document that outlines the needs, costs, and benefits of a new program in order to justify obtaining new resources would best be called a:

a. Grant request for proposals.
b. Market analysis.
c. Business plan.
d. SWOT plan.

Answer 9

c. Business plan.

Question 10

A model of supervision in which supervisory skills are modified as the person serving as supervisor moves from a beginner toward an advanced practitioner would best be called:

a. Integrationist models.
b. Developmental models.
c. Motivational models.
d. Psychotherapy-based models.

Answer 10

c. Motivational models.

Question 11

A theory of motivation that identifies factors related to employee satisfaction and employee dissatisfaction along different continua is best named:

a. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
b. Content or process theory.
c. Vroom’s expectancy theory.
d. Herzberg’s hygiene theory.

Answer 11

d. Herzberg’s hygiene theory.

Question 12

Commonly recognized formal steps in a performance appraisal system include which of the following? are?

a. Intermittent review
b. Assessment
c. Performance planning
d. All of the above

Answer 12

d. All of the above

Question 13

Service competency is best defined as:

a. Assuring that the OTA performs tasks in the same way that the OT would and achieves the same outcome
b. A designation that employee orientation has been successfully completed.
c. A category of feedback typically provided during the review step of a performance appraisal cycle.
d. None of the above

Answer 13

a. Assuring that the OTA performs tasks in the same way that the OT would and achieves the same outcome

Question 14

Which of the following best names a team composed of members from more than one discipline in which members work independently, interact formally, and have responsibility, but the team is still held accountable for outcomes and projects?

a. Functional work team
b. Cross-functional work team
c. Multidisciplinary team
d. Self-directed team

Answer 14

d. Self-directed team

Question 15

Which of the following is an impetus for the increased focus on interprofessional teams?

a. A complex globally connected health system
b. Shortage of health professionals and limited resources
c. Legislation that promotes increasingly coordinated care
d. All of the above

Answer 15

d. All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following best defines the term collaborative competencies?

a. Competencies that each profession identifies as its own in order to promote more effective teamwork and prevent conflict by delineating clear professional roles
b. Competencies that each profession identifies that other professions must develop in order to most effectively work with others, with patients and families, with nonprofessionals and volunteers, within communities, and at a broader policy level
c. Competencies specifically focused on interpersonal communication, such as effective conflict resolution, and that promote teamwork
d. Competencies that each profession needs to work together with others, such as other specialties within a profession, between professions, with patients and families, with nonprofessionals and volunteers, within and between organizations, within communities, and at a broader policy level

Answer 16

d. Competencies that each profession needs to work together with others, such as other specialties within a profession, between professions, with patients and families, with nonprofessionals and volunteers, within and between organizations, within communities, and at a broader policy level

Question 17

Principles of change management that are commonly cited in the literature include which of the following?

a Theoretical models and frameworks that guide organization members’ and researchers’ thinking about organizational change

b. Approaches and tools for creating and managing change
c. Outcomes of the process of change management
d. All of the above

Answer 17

d. All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following best describes force-field analysis?

a. It involves an analysis of both driving and restraining forces to change.
b. It is likely to arise when individuals perceive that they have no influence over whether to change or how to change.
c. It involves learning to recognize the unwritten rules involved in organizational culture.
d. It involves understanding your assumptions and learning to recognize the assumptions of others about change.

Answer 18

a. It involves an analysis of both driving and restraining forces to change.

Question 19

The process of clearly defining a problem or naming the problem so that you will pay attention to information that you identify as relating to the problem and ignore information that you feel is extraneous might best be called:

a. Change management.
b. Process flow.
c. Obstacle definition.
d. Problem setting.

Answer 19

d. Problem setting.

Question 20

Statements of explicit measures or indicators that define specific areas of knowledge, skills, and abilities related to essential functions and assigned duties within a job or role may best be named:

a. Competence.
b. Certifications.
c. Continuing competence.
d. Competencies.

Answer 20

d. Competencies.

Question 21

Which of the following employment processes is not appropriate for inclusion in an assessment system of entry-level competencies for a new employee?

a. Advanced competencies
b. Orientation competencies
c. Equipment use competencies
d. Age-specific competencies

Answer 21

a. Advanced competencies

Question 22

Integration of knowledge from multiple sources to formulate a comprehensive description of prior work performance is most closely related to which of the following domains?

a. Cognitive domain
b. Critical reasoning domain
c. Affective domain
d. Psychomotor domain

Answer 22

b. Critical reasoning domain

Question 23

Which of the following terms represents an approach to occupational therapy intervention that is more naturalistic and ecologically relevant than rote exercise but not fully occupation-based treatment?

a. Contrived occupation
b. Therapeutic occupation
c. Prescribed occupation
d. Naturalistic occupation

Answer 23

a. Contrived occupation

Question 24

Which of the following is a term that refers to the scope of information about which a group is concerned and defines what the group members need to understand together?

a Domain of practice

b. Shared practice
c. Domain of knowledge
d. Paradigmatic knowledge

Answer 24

c. Domain of knowledge

Question 25

A management tool that helps to codify best practice in a setting by laying out staff responsibilities would best be called a:

a. Job description.
b. Mission statement.
c. Vision statement.
d. Statement of operations.

Answer 25

a. Job description.

Question 26

Which of the following organizations has the mission to advance research, education, and public awareness for occupational therapy so that all people may participate fully in life, regardless of their physical, social, mental, or developmental circumstances?

a. American Occupational Therapy Association
b. American Occupational Therapy Foundation
c. Fund to Promote Occupational Therapy
d. National Board for Certification of Occupational Therapy

Answer 26

b. American Occupational Therapy Foundation

Question 27

Which of the following best describes an ethical dilemma?

a. A conflict between ethical beliefs involving choices between alternatives that appear equally morally acceptable
b. A conflict in which there is a clear moral choice and a clear immoral choice (the right versus wrong scenario)
c. A conflict in which there is no true moral option (the lesser of the two evils scenario)
d. A conflict between approaches to distribution of available resources and rewards

Answer 27

a. A conflict between ethical beliefs involving choices between alternatives that appear equally morally acceptable

Question 28

The process of ethical decision making is often as important as the outcome. The first step in the ethical decision making process is:

a. Gather relevant information.
b. Consult the ethics committee.
c. Explore practical alternatives.
d. Use ethics theories to analyze the problem.

Answer 28

a. Gather relevant information.