Final Study Questions

Question 1

One often-cited difference between leadership and management mentioned in this chapter is:

Leaders are born, whereas managers are made.

Leaders focus on strategic change, whereas managers focus on the “status quo.”

Leadership has been researched in depth, whereas little research exists on management.

Leadership skills are a distinct set of skills used at particular times, whereas management skills are broad skills used in almost every situation.

Answer 1

Leaders focus on strategic change, whereas managers focus on the “status quo.”

Question 2

Which of the following would be most accurate in regard to current thinking about the relationships between human traits and leadership effectiveness?

Human traits are predetermined at birth and there is little ability to change them as we develop.

Trait Theory is a new development in leadership research; although there is limited empirical evidence, the research to date appears promising as an explanation for leader effectiveness.

Traits may help us understand how a particular leader might be perceived, but there is little recent research to validate Trait Theory as effective in linking leaders with leadership outcomes.

The connection between traits and leader outcomes has only been shown to have a strong correlation in strategies related to Transactional Leadership Theory.

Answer 2

Traits may help us understand how a particular leader might be perceived, but there is little recent research to validate Trait Theory as effective in linking leaders with leadership outcomes.

Question 3

Which of the following pairs includes two theories of leadership that could both be categorized as supervisory theories of leadership?

Path-Goal Theory of Leadership and Servant Leadership Theory

Transactional Leadership Theory and Charismatic Leadership Theory

Transformational Leadership Theory and Transactional Leadership Theory

Path-Goal Theory of Leadership and Transactional Leadership Theory

Answer 3

Path-Goal Theory of Leadership and Transactional Leadership Theory

Question 4

A theory of leadership that focuses on identifying the relationship between task characteristics and employee readiness and matching a supervisory response is best called:

Servant Leadership Theory.

Path-Goal Theory of Leadership.

Transformational Leadership Theory.

Situational Leadership Theory.

Answer 4

Situational Leadership Theory.

Question 5

Two leadership theories that were developed separately but are recognized as most effective when they are combined are:

Transactional Leadership Theory and Transformational Leadership Theory.

Situational Leadership Theory and Servant Leadership Theory.

Charismatic Leadership Theory and Servant Leadership Theory.

Path-Goal Leadership Theory and Situational Leadership Theory.

Answer 5

Transactional Leadership Theory and Transformational Leadership Theory.

Question 6

In regard to the additive effect of transformational leadership and transactional leadership, which of the following is generally accepted as true?

Transactional leadership and transformational leadership are not contradictory styles but instead are complementary and can be used together.

The impact of transformational leadership on follower satisfaction is limited and only shown to occur when strategies are added to transactional leadership strategies.

There is no additive effect, as transformational leadership and transactional leadership have been proven to be contradictory in nature.

There is no relationship between transformational leadership and transactional leadership because one is a strategic approach and the other is a supervisory approach.

Answer 6

Transactional leadership and transformational leadership are not contradictory styles but instead are complementary and can be used together.

Question 7

When comparing Servant Leadership Theory and Transformational Leadership Theory, which of the following best describes the motivation of the leaders?

Transformational leaders are concerned about work groups only and typically do not consider the development of the individual, whereas servant leaders focus only on the individual.

Servant leaders tend to see all persons as equal and valued, whereas transformational leaders value individuals but more in relation to helping the organization succeed.

Servant leaders and transformational leaders are both thought to have a strong orientation toward the individual rather than consideration of the organization’s success.

Servant leaders and transformational leaders are both thought to have a strong orientation toward the success of the organization rather than toward the individual.

Answer 7

Servant leaders tend to see all persons as equal and valued, whereas transformational leaders value individuals but more in relation to helping the organization succeed.

Question 8

One accurate summary statement about what we know about the evidence on gender and leadership would be:

Women are typically perceived as more effective leaders than men as long as they present themselves as stereotypically female.

Men have consistently shown to be more effective leaders than women.

Men and women are perceived as more effective as leaders when the approaches they use match their presentation as more “masculine” or “feminine” as perceived by followers.

Evidence on gender and leadership has established that there is essentially no difference in how male and female leaders are perceived.

Answer 8

Men and women are perceived as more effective as leaders when the approaches they use match their presentation as more “masculine” or “feminine” as perceived by followers.

Question 9

Which of the following have contributed to the proliferation of evidence-based practice and evidence-based management?

The development of processes, practices, and specific tools to enable health-care professionals to find, evaluate, and use evidence to inform their clinical decisions

A dramatic increase in the access to evidence over the past several decades because of the Internet and open-access publishing

Higher expectations for the training and skills of occupational therapy practitioners

All of the above

Answer 9

All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the approach you should take to finding and evaluating evidence related to management questions?

Only use evidence obtained through searches on well-established and recognized search tools such as PubMed.

Search using multiple sources and strategies, considering all forms of evidence, but carefully evaluate the quality and strength of the evidence that you use.

Limit your search and use of data to the field or discipline (e.g., occupational therapy) to exclude evidence from other fields or disciplines that may not be directly related to your question.

Limit your search to only consider evidence developed through the strongest experimental methods such as randomized control designs.

Answer 10

Search using multiple sources and strategies, considering all forms of evidence, but carefully evaluate the quality and strength of the evidence that you use.

Question 11

In assessing the evidence you are considering, which of the following would be least likely to impact your decision?

Country of origin of the evidence

Strength of the evidence

Quality of the evidence

Level of the evidence

Answer 11

Country of origin of the evidence

Question 12

Which of the following is the best description of grey literature ?

Papers, reports, and other documents from private industry that often may be biased because of private funding

Papers, reports, and other documents referred to as grey because of the weak evaluation of their accuracy and usefulness

Papers, reports, and other documents controlled by commercial publishers that have passed the highest levels of review and academic scrutiny

Papers, reports, and other documents from government, the academy, business, and industry that are not controlled by commercial publishers but are a valid form of evidence

Answer 12

Papers, reports, and other documents from government, the academy, business, and industry that are not controlled by commercial publishers but are a valid form of evidence

Question 13

All of the following were identified as challenges to using an evidence-based approach to management by occupational therapy managers except :

Access to electronic journals and scientific forms of evidence.

Time to find and carefully assess the evidence.

Little evidence exists on management-related questions.

The amount of evidence available can be overwhelming.

Answer 13

Little evidence exists on management-related questions.

Question 14

Which of the following is most accurate regarding the typologies you might select to evaluate evidence related to management questions?

Because using an evidence-based approach to occupational therapy management is so new, there have not been any appropriate typologies for evaluating related evidence identified.

Although there are variations in the approaches used by different scholars and sources, most use similar approaches to assigning a level to the evidence that is being examined.

There is wide variation in the approaches used in various typologies for evaluating evidence and they have little in common.

There is a single universal typology for evaluating all forms of evidence that has been identified for use with the occupational therapy management literature.

Answer 14

Although there are variations in the approaches used by different scholars and sources, most use similar approaches to assigning a level to the evidence that is being examined.

Question 15

Which of the following is most accurate regarding involvement of key stakeholders in the EBP process?

You may present an evidence brief or summary to key stakeholders to discuss the evidence, pros and cons of different options, what is feasible in your setting, and what barriers might exist to implementation.

It is best not to discuss evidence with key stakeholders because many have not been exposed to or properly trained in EBP approaches.

Key stakeholders should only be involved in identifying the questions to be answered through an EBP process.

Key stakeholders may be a useful source of data, information, and other forms of evidence but you must be extremely careful of the bias this introduces to answering evidence-based management questions.

Answer 15

You may present an evidence brief or summary to key stakeholders to discuss the evidence, pros and cons of different options, what is feasible in your setting, and what barriers might exist to implementation.

Question 16

Which of the following is the best strategy for occupational therapy managers who do not have easy access to electronic bibliographic databases to find evidence?

Return to graduate school for an advanced degree in order to access relevant databases.

Access free databases such as PubMed or ProQuest, which are accessible with membership or certification through occupational therapy organizations.

Rely on articles and evidence found on the Internet through Internet search engines.

Rely only on data and other forms of evidence published in the public domain by commercial publishers.

Answer 16

Access free databases such as PubMed or ProQuest, which are accessible with membership or certification through occupational therapy organizations.

Question 17

Which of the following are examples of common challenges faced by communicators regardless of the mode of communication?

Communicator acceptability, or identifying the characteristics of the audience, how they might respond, and what the likely rewards or punishments for communication might be

Signification, or choosing the appropriate verbal and nonverbal means to create meaningful messages, accurately interpreting the signs from the communication partner or audience, and making the greatest impact on the listener

Achieving communicative outcomes, or discovering how you can construct a message in order to most effectively achieve the goal for your intended communication

All of the above

Answer 17

All of the above

Question 18

A key element of Shannon and Weaver’s information theory related to improving the reliability and use of information is:

Reduction of uncertainty.

Visual mapping.

Information coding.

None of the above.

Answer 18

Reduction of uncertainty.

Question 19

A theory of communication often used in occupational therapy that helps us examine interpersonal communication through the use of stories and storytelling is best named:

Proxemics.

Dramatism.

Cybernetics.

Narrative.

Answer 19

Narrative.

Question 20

Paralinguistics is best described as:

Aspects of communication not related to content or words, such as tone, pitch, inflection, or volume.

The study of cultural influence on how words originate and their meaning.

Aspects of communication that relate to expectations established between the person speaking and the person listening and what happens when these expectations are violated.

The study of the influence of space on interpersonal communication.

Answer 20

Aspects of communication not related to content or words, such as tone, pitch, inflection, or volume.

Question 21

Which of the following is true in regard to expectancy violations theory?

EVT supports the notion by Hall that there is a most desirable personal space that remains constant across cultures.

A violation of expectations can be perceived as either positive or negative.

Violations in expectations are always undesirable because they lower attention and make it less likely that your message will be heard.

All of the above are true.

Answer 21

A violation of expectations can be perceived as either positive or negative.

Question 22

A common type of business document that outlines the needs, costs, and benefits of a new program in order to justify obtaining new resources would best be called a:

Grant request for proposals.
Market analysis.
Business plan.
SWOT plan.

Answer 22

Business plan.

Question 23

Which of the following is most accurate regarding communication in virtual meetings and social media?

Use of virtual meetings and social media is uncommon and not recommended for effective communication in occupational therapy practice.

The strategies for virtual meetings are essentially the same as in face-to-face meetings.

These meetings are preferred because the implicit and explicit rules for participation are more commonly understood.

There can be significant advantages in terms of time, cost, and efficiency, but you must be careful of some of the inherent problems with using these communication venues.

Answer 23

There can be significant advantages in terms of time, cost, and efficiency, but you must be careful of some of the inherent problems with using these communication venues.

Question 24

The four elements of SBAR communication are:

Situation, background, assessment, resolution.

Symptoms, background, assessment, recommendation.

Situation, background, assessment, recommendation.

Symptoms, background, appraisal, resolution.

Answer 24

Situation, background, assessment, recommendation.

Question 25

Power that is obtained because of knowledge, personal attractiveness, or demonstration of effort is best defined as:

Legitimate authority.
Organizational influence.
Personal power.
Individualized control.

Answer 25

Personal power.

Question 26

The term span of control is best defined as:

The number of immediate subordinates who report to any one supervisor.

The range of influence that any supervisor or manager has in an organization.

The extent to which you have requisite authority over employees in a department.

How broadly or narrowly your reports are distributed over a geographic area.

Answer 26

The number of immediate subordinates who report to any one supervisor.

Question 27

A model of supervision in which supervisory skills are modified as the person serving as supervisor moves from a beginner toward an advanced practitioner would best be called:

Integrationist models.
Developmental models.
Motivational models.
Psychotherapy-based models.

Answer 27

Developmental models.

Question 28

Which of the following is not one of the management approaches to supervision presented in this chapter?

Systematic management approach

Achievement approach

Human relations approach

Contingency (or situational) approach

Answer 28

Achievement approach

Question 29

Which of the following regarding supervision of others by occupational therapy practitioners is not true?

State licensure laws supersede organizational policies or official documents of AOTA.

Establishing service competency is an important step in determining the amount and type of supervision that is appropriate.

Occupational therapy practitioners may only formally supervise others in client-related tasks and job functions.

The amount and type of supervision provided may vary according to the complexity of the clinical situation, the type of practice setting, regulatory requirements, and the number and diversity of clients.

Answer 29

Occupational therapy practitioners may only formally supervise others in client-related tasks and job functions.

Question 30

Service competency is best defined as:

Assuring that the OTA performs tasks in the same way that the OT would and achieves the same outcome.

A designation that employee orientation has been successfully completed.

A category of feedback typically provided during the review step of a performance appraisal cycle.

None of the above.

Answer 30

Assuring that the OTA performs tasks in the same way that the OT would and achieves the same outcome.

Question 31

Commonly recognized formal steps in a performance appraisal system include which of the following?

Intermittent review

Assessment

Performance planning

All of the above

Answer 31

All of the above

Question 32

A theory of motivation that identifies factors related to employee satisfaction and employee dissatisfaction along different continua is best named:

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
Content or process theory.
Vroom’s expectancy theory.
Herzberg’s hygiene theory.

Answer 32

Herzberg’s hygiene theory.

Question 33

Which of the following best names a team without discipline-centered boundaries on which team members collaborate, prepare, and supervise the sharing of disciplinary functions while retaining ultimate responsibility for services provided in their place by other team members?

Interdisciplinary team
Multidisciplinary team
Transdisciplinary team
Interprofessional team

Answer 33

Transdisciplinary team

Question 34

Which of the following best names a team composed of persons with specific expertise and knowledge from different functional areas who work together to achieve an assigned goal or fulfill a specific purpose for the organization, where each member brings his or her expertise and contributes in a unique way to the team’s functioning and outcomes?

Functional work team
Cross-functional work team
Multiprofessional team
Self-directed team

Answer 34

Cross-functional work team

Question 35

Which of the following is a key difference between a group and a team?

Teams work collaboratively, whereas groups are typically self-focused.

Although both are task focused, teams can emphasize performance to a much more significant extent.

The key distinguishing factor between a group and a team is the frequency and duration of interaction.

Groups pursue individual awards via individual performance and teams pursue collective rewards.

Answer 35

Although both are task focused, teams can emphasize performance to a much more significant extent.

Question 36

Which of the following is an impetus for the increased focus on interprofessional teams?

A complex globally connected health system

Shortage of health professionals and limited resources

Legislation that promotes increasingly coordinated care

All of the above

Answer 36

All of the above

Question 37

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of interprofessional education?

Students from two or more professions learn about, from, and with each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes.

Students from two or more professions are educated in the same university or college to gain efficiencies in space and faculty.

Students from two or more professions are placed in the same setting for their clinical fieldwork education following completion of their classroom education.

Students from two or more professions have educational programs with similar curricular elements such as basic science courses (e.g., biology or anatomy).

Answer 37

Students from two or more professions learn about, from, and with each other to enable effective collaboration and improve health outcomes.

Question 38

Which of the following best describes the relationship between interprofessional education and the provision of optimal health services?

Existing health-care teams are spurred to provide optimal health services when they are the beneficiaries of interprofessional continuing education.

Interprofessional education helps to prepare a workforce ready for collaborative practice that then promotes the provision of optimal health services.

The provision of optimal health-care services promotes increased collaboration between team members on an interprofessional team.

There is no proven relationship between interprofessional education and the provision of optimal health services.

Answer 38

Interprofessional education helps to prepare a workforce ready for collaborative practice that then promotes the provision of optimal health services.

Question 39

Which of the following best defines the term collaborative competencies?

Competencies that each profession identifies as its own in order to promote more effective teamwork and prevent conflict by delineating clear professional roles.

Competencies that each profession identifies that other professions must develop in order to most effectively work with others, with patients and families, with nonprofessionals and volunteers, within communities, and at a broader policy level.

Competencies specifically focused on interpersonal communication, such as effective conflict resolution, and that promote teamwork.

Competencies that each profession needs to work together with others, such as other specialties within a profession, between professions, with patients and families, with nonprofessionals and volunteers, within and between organizations, within communities, and at a broader policy level.

Answer 39

Competencies that each profession needs to work together with others, such as other specialties within a profession, between professions, with patients and families, with nonprofessionals and volunteers, within and between organizations, within communities, and at a broader policy level.

Question 40

Which of the following best describes the skills necessary for effectively leading an interprofessional team?

The skills for effectively leading an interprofessional team are substantially different from those required to effectively lead other types of teams.

The skills for effectively leading an interprofessional team are broad, such that they encompass all of the necessary skills for effective leadership of other teams and include several other areas of competency.

The skills for effectively leading an interprofessional team are very similar to those of leading other types of health-care teams and there is little difference in general.

The skills for effectively leading an interprofessional team are narrower than those required for effectively leading other types of teams and are essentially a subset of skills.

Answer 40

The skills for effectively leading an interprofessional team are very similar to those of leading other types of health-care teams and there is little difference in general.

Question 41

Principles of change management that are commonly cited in the literature include which of the following?

Theoretical models and frameworks that guide organization members’ and researchers’ thinking about organizational change

Approaches and tools for creating and managing change

Outcomes of the process of change management

All of the above

Answer 41

All of the above

Question 42

According to the transtheoretical model of change, which of the following is not a specific stage of change?

Precontemplation
Contemplation
Avoidance
Action

Answer 42

Avoidance

Question 43

Which of the following is not one of the three strategies for fostering individual change identified by Bennis, Benne, and Chin and still commonly cited in the literature?

Educative or empirical-rational
Consultative-negotiation
Normative or persuasive
Power-coercive

Answer 43

Consultative-negotiation

Question 44

Which of the following best describes force-field analysis?

It involves an analysis of both driving and restraining forces to change.

It is likely to arise when individuals perceive that they have no influence over whether to change or how to change.

It involves learning to recognize the unwritten rules involved in organizational culture.

It involves understanding your assumptions and learning to recognize the assumptions of others about change.

Answer 44

It involves an analysis of both driving and restraining forces to change.

Question 45

An individual, internal or external to the organization, who plays a significant role in fostering and promoting change within an organization and who fosters change with an organization’s best interest in mind might best be called a:

Driving force.
Change agent.
Transactional agent.
Restraining force.

Answer 45

Change agent.

Question 46

The process of clearly defining a problem or naming the problem so that you will pay attention to information that you identify as relating to the problem and ignore information that you feel is extraneous might best be called:

Change management.
Process flow.
Obstacle definition.
Problem setting.

Answer 46

Problem setting.

Question 47

A type of decision in which all parties have agreed to support the plan of action fully even if it is not how they would act if they were acting alone might best be called:

Negotiation.
Problem resolution.
Consensus.
Problem setting.

Answer 47

Consensus.

Question 48

Which of the following describes members of Generation Y, also known as the millennial generation?

They like to set and achieve shared goals, value loyalty to the organization, and balance work with caring for children and aging parents.

They are team-oriented, technologically savvy, extremely effective with multitasking, and value flexible schedules and work that contributes to a socially responsible goal.

They value autonomy, independence, and immediate results.

None of the above.

Answer 48

They are team-oriented, technologically savvy, extremely effective with multitasking, and value flexible schedules and work that contributes to a socially responsible goal.

Question 49

Which of the following organizations has direct responsibility for assessing the entry-level competency of an occupational therapy practitioner via an examination process?

American Occupational Therapy Association

American Occupational Therapy Foundation

National Board for Certification of Occupational Therapy

National Society for Quality

Answer 49

National Board for Certification of Occupational Therapy

Question 50

Statements of explicit measures or indicators that define specific areas of knowledge, skills, and abilities related to essential functions and assigned duties within a job or role may best be named:

Competence.
Certifications.
Continuing competence.
Competencies.

Answer 50

Competencies.

Question 51

Which of the following is most accurate in regard to the status of professional regulation as of 2014?

All 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and Guam had some form of regulation.

All 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and Guam had licensure, which is the strongest form of regulation.

All 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and Guam had title protection, which is the strongest form of regulation.

All 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and Guam had certification, which is the strongest form of regulation.

Answer 51

All 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and Guam had some form of regulation.

Question 52

Which of the following is the most accurate statement summarizing the evidence on the use of simulation-based education?

There is no empirical evidence to support or not support simulation-based education.

There is mixed evidence to support simulation-based education, with some positive results.

The evidence clearly shows that simulation-based education is ineffective.

None of the above.

Answer 52

There is mixed evidence to support simulation-based education, with some positive results.

Question 53

Which of the following employment processes is not appropriate for inclusion in an assessment system of entry-level competencies for a new employee?

Advanced competencies
Orientation competencies
Equipment use competencies
Age-specific competencies

Answer 53

Advanced competencies

Question 54

A description of a professional portfolio that best describes its use would be as follows: A professional portfolio is an assessment and learning tool:

That is used to document readiness for the certification examination to enter theprofession as an entry-level occupational therapy practitioner.

That documents experience and learning and helps to identify future learning and professional development needs and goals.

Appropriate for educators to identify the learning needs of students.

Appropriate for a human resources department to document the learning needs of staff for accreditation.

Answer 54

That documents experience and learning and helps to identify future learning and professional development needs and goals.

Question 55

Which of the following statements is most accurate in regard to assessment and documentation of competencies for per diem or contract staff?

Organizations are not responsible for assessing or documenting competencies for per diem or contract staff.

Organizations can rely on the agency providing the per diem or contract staff to handle everything related to assessing and documenting competencies.

Organizations only must assess and document specialized competencies used only in their practice setting.

Organizations must assure that per diem or contract staff have met all competencies required for permanent staff and must assure that these staff have documentation of appropriate training.

Answer 55

Organizations must assure that per diem or contract staff have met all competencies required for permanent staff and must assure that these staff have documentation of appropriate training.

Question 56

Which is most accurate in regard to the assessment of competencies for occupational therapy managers?

The assessment of competencies is a process used only for front-line clinical staff and not for managers.

Competencies for managers can be categorized according to the traditional functions of managers and threshold and high-performing competencies.

Competencies for managers relate only to entry-level competency and are not helpful in identifying more advanced managerial competencies.

Assessment of competencies for the manager is a new idea with little support, and we should wait to see if there is any empirical support before developing managerial competencies.

Answer 56

Competencies for managers can be categorized according to the traditional functions of managers and threshold and high-performing competencies.

Question 57

Which of the following is a common aspect of the structure of a community of practice?

Domain of knowledge
Community of people
Shared practice
All of the above

Answer 57

All of the above

Question 58

As a manager, you should make it your business to keep up-to-date with which of the following?

Theories
Research
Evidence
All of the above

Answer 58

All of the above

Question 59

Which of the following is a term that refers to the scope of information about which a group is concerned and defines what the group members need to understand together?

Domain of practice
Shared practice
Domain of knowledge
Paradigmatic knowledge

Answer 59

Domain of knowledge

Question 60

Which of the following is the best example of a naturalistic occupation?

Placing Velcro checkers in a pattern on the back of a rolling mirror

Challenging a patient’s balance by having him or her reach to pick imaginary apples

Having a patient put different-sized cups and plates into a cupboard

Moving colored rings from one side of a “therapy arch” to the other

Answer 60

Having a patient put different-sized cups and plates into a cupboard

Question 61

Which of the following best describes the focus of the intervention as presented in this chapter?

The degree to which a selected intervention is intended to fix an identified impairment versus helping the person develop adaptations necessary to promote participation in desired occupations

The degree to which a selected intervention is supported by current policies on billing

The degree to which a selected intervention is consistent with the way other practitioners approach practice in the setting

The degree to which a selected intervention is client-centered

Answer 61

The degree to which a selected intervention is intended to fix an identified impairment versus helping the person develop adaptations necessary to promote participation in desired occupations

Question 62

Which of the following is not a recommendation for assisting staff in staying abreast of changes in practice and regulation without the need for further funding?

Brown bag in-service presentations
CE on CD (Continuing Ed on CD)
Journal clubs
Cotreating patients

Answer 62

CE on CD (Continuing Ed on CD)

Question 63

A management tool that helps to codify best practice in a setting by laying out staff responsibilities would best be called which of the following?

Job description
Mission statement
Vision statement
Statement of operations

Answer 63

Job description

Question 64

Which of the following best characterizes occupation-based interventions?

Ecologically relevant
Naturalistic
Draw their purpose and meaning from the therapist
Both a and b

Answer 64

Both a and b

Question 65

Which of the following is a professional body incorporated in 1917 to represent the interests and concerns of occupational therapy practitioners and students of occupational therapy and to improve the quality of occupational therapy services?

National Board for Certification of Occupational Therapy, Inc.

American Occupational Therapy Association

Fund to Promote Occupational Therapy

American Occupational Therapy Political Action Committee

Answer 65

American Occupational Therapy Association

Question 66

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the AOTA code of ethics?

To guide members toward ethical courses of action in professional and volunteer roles

To outline the standard of conduct the public can expect

To delineate enforceable principles and standards of conduct that apply to AOTA members

All of the above

Answer 66

All of the above

Question 67

Which of the following best describes an ethical dilemma?

A conflict between ethical beliefs involving choices between alternatives that appear equally morally acceptable

A conflict in which there is a clear moral choice and a clear immoral choice (the right versus wrong scenario)

A conflict in which there is no true moral option (the lesser of the two evils scenario)

A conflict between approaches to distribution of available resources and rewards

Answer 67

A conflict between ethical beliefs involving choices between alternatives that appear equally morally acceptable

Question 68

Which of the following is true regarding the American Occupational Therapy Political Action Committee (AOTPAC)?

AOTPAC only provides contributions to candidates from the ruling majority party.

The purpose of AOTPAC is to further the legislative aims of AOTA by attempting to influence the selection, nomination, election, or appointment of persons to elected office.

AOTPAC is a committee of the Association under direct authority of the AOTA Board of Directors.

AOTPAC raises money through solicitation of donations and selling advocacy-related continuing education and products.

Answer 68

The purpose of AOTPAC is to further the legislative aims of AOTA by attempting to influence the selection, nomination, election, or appointment of persons to elected office.

Question 69

Which of the following is true regarding state regulatory boards?

The role of state regulatory boards is to enforce rules established to define and regulate occupational therapy, which are established at a national level.

Less than half of the states in the United States have a state regulatory board responsible for oversight of some aspect of occupational therapy practice.

State regulatory boards refer all issues related to ethical breaches or other disciplinary matters to AOTA for review and determination.

None of the above is true.

Answer 69

None of the above is true.

Question 70

Which of the following is accurate regarding the governance structure of AOTA?

AOTA is governed by a single governing body responsible for the association’s policy, finances, and promotional activities.

All members of the governing bodies of AOTA are paid professionals hired to carry out their roles and responsibilities.

The executive director of AOTA must be an OT with at least 10 years of experience as defined in the bylaws of the association.

The Representative Assembly is AOTAs “congress” and is responsible for oversight of professional policy as one of the association’s two main governing bodies.

Answer 70

The Representative Assembly is AOTAs “congress” and is responsible for oversight of professional policy as one of the association’s two main governing bodies.

Question 71

Which of the following is concerned with ethics and ethical practice?

National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy

American Occupational Therapy Association

State regulatory boards

All of the above

Answer 71

All of the above

Question 72

The process of ethical decision making is often as important as the outcome. The first step in the ethical decision making process is:

Gather relevant information.

Consult the ethics committee.

Explore practical alternatives.

Use ethics theories to analyze the problem.

Answer 72

Gather relevant information.