Pruritis part 2

Question 1

Food Allergic dermatitis will look identical to

Answer 1

Atopy

food is just a trigger

Question 2

Food allergy/ hypersensitivity causes…

Dietary intolerance causes…

Food anaphylaxis causes…

Answer 2

Immune response

no immune response

systemic involvement

Question 3

Clinical signs for adverse food reactions

Answer 3

Vomitting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, bloat

derm signs

Question 4

Non immunological dietary intolerances

Answer 4

Food idiosyncrasy

food poisoning

Pharmacological reaction

Food indescretion (AKA Mac)

Question 5

Acute food allergy can cause

Answer 5

Respiratory distress

Vascular collapse

Urticaria

Question 6

Food allergies and hypersensitivities are frequent or rare?

Answer 6

Rare

Only 1% of dermatoses

Question 7

Most food antigens are

Answer 7

Proteins

Glycoproteins

Most common is beef protein

Question 8

Majoity of allegens in dogs are

Answer 8

66% Beef, dairy products and wheat

25% chicken eggs, lamb and soy

Question 9

Majority of food allergens in cats are

Answer 9

80% beef, dairy products and fish

Question 10

Cell mediated immunity

Answer 10

T lymphocyte activation

Question 11

Humoral immunity

Answer 11

B lymphocytes, plasma cells and immunoglobulins

Question 12

T1 helper cells produce

Answer 12

activate the cell mediate response

IL-2, IFN gamma, TNF-B

Question 13

T2 helper cells

Answer 13

acitivate the humoral response

IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10

Question 14

Types of food hypersensitivies

Answer 14

Type 1- most common, IgE

Type 4- macrophage related

Type 3- Rare- Antigen-antibody complexes

Question 15

In Type 1, IgE binds to

Answer 15

Mast cells which release histamines, proteases, chemotactic factors, prostaglandins, luekotrienes and cytokines

Question 16

Type 1 CS

Answer 16

Pruritis

Hyperemia

Angioedema

Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort/ bloating, comitting

Possible anaphylactic reaction and respiratory distress

Question 17

Type 4 CS

Answer 17

Granulomatous reactions

Question 18

At what age do you typical see food sensitivities

Answer 18

50% are less than 1 year of age

after 6 months, food allergy is more common than atopy

Question 19

Primary lesions with food allergies

Answer 19

Papules

Erythema

Wheals

Plaques and pustules

Question 20

Secondary lesions with food allergies

Answer 20

Excoritations

Crusting

Hyperpigmentation

Lichenification

Ulcers due to deep scratches

Question 21

Dogs with food allergies show signs on what body parts

Answer 21

Muzzle

Ears- otitis external

Distal limbs

Paws- interdigital spaces

Axillae

Groin

Question 22

Cats show clinical signs of food allergies on what part of their bodies

Answer 22

Head and face

Pinnae

Neck

Question 23

How do you diagnose a food allergy

Answer 23

Positive response to an elimination diet

95% of dogs improve in 3 weeks

Question 24

Is intradermal skin testing accurate or inaccurate for food allergies

Answer 24

Inaccurate

low sensitivity

Question 25

Problems with ELISA as a test for food allergy

Answer 25

High sensisitvity but low specificity will show positive results to normal anigens

Question 26

Colonoscopy allergen provocation involves

Answer 26

Allergens injected into the mucosa of the colon Looking for wheal and flare reactions teachnically challenging and expensive

Question 27

Proper diets for dogs with food allergies should be

Answer 27

Novel and free of additives

Question 28

Three options of diets for dogs with food allergies

Answer 28

Low allergic commercial diet homemade hypoallergenic diet hydrolyzed protien diet

Question 29

For homemade diets, which two ingredients seem to be the least allergenic

Answer 29

Tofu and brown rice

Question 30

Hydrolyzed protein diets

Answer 30

break proteins into smaller pieces so that they are less antigenic can make the food unpalatable- bitter- but most animals are fine with it

Question 31

How many antihistamines should be used before failure to antihistamines can be said?

Answer 31

minimum of 3

Question 32

Urticaria and angioedema

Answer 32

wheals, odematous swelling dyspnea, anaphylactic shock Use antihistamines and injectable steroids

Question 33

Contact dermatitis

Answer 33

type 4 hypersensitivity prolonged exposure with offending surface extremely rare dermatosis

Question 34

Contact dermatitis clinical signs

Answer 34

intense pruritis hairless area lips if the food bowl is the offending cause neck lesions if the collar is the problem

Question 35

contact dermatitis deiagnosis

Answer 35

Rule out differentials Patch test Histopathology

Question 36

Contact dermatitis treatment

Answer 36

identify offending allergen Usually poor response to steroid response