PSY 1A Midterm Flashcards
(82 cards)
1
Q
interconnections of thoughts, feelings, behaviors
A
self
2
Q
THE TRIPARTITE COMPOSITION OF THE SELF
A
- emotional
- behavioral
- thinking component
3
Q
person’s feelings about somehting
A
emotional component
4
Q
person’s influenced to act or behave
A
behavioral component
5
Q
person’s thoughts, belief, knowledge
A
thinking component
6
Q
TWO THINKING SYSTEMS
A
- System 1 (autopilot mode)
- System 2 (intentional mode)
7
Q
emotions and intuitions
tiny decisions everyday
A
System 1 — Autopilot mode
8
Q
takes a deliberate effort to turn it on
decisions that require attention
A
System 2 — intentional mode
9
Q
brain – simplify infos
systematic error in our thinking - decision
A
cognitive bias
10
Q
GIVE THE 6 COGNITIVE BIASES
A
- Selective abstraction
- Dichotomous thinking
- Over generalization
- Magnification
- Minimization
- Arbitrary inference
11
Q
only focus on certain details
A
selective abstraction
12
Q
things are completely good or bad
A
dichotomous thinking
13
Q
drawing conclusion with very little informations
A
over generalization
14
Q
overstimation of an event
A
magnification
15
Q
minimizing value
A
minimization
16
Q
drawing conclusion with no evidence
A
arbitrary inference
17
Q
Who is behind The Ecological Theory?
A
Urie Bronfenbrenner
18
Q
THE ECOLOGICAL THEORY
A
- Microsystem
- Mesosystem
- Exosystem
- Macrosystem
- Chronosystem
19
Q
immediate environment
A
microsystem
20
Q
interconnectons of mcrosystem
A
mesosystem
21
Q
indirect environment (parent’s job) - religion
A
exosystem
22
Q
cultural values - needs -> inner
A
macrosystem
23
Q
changes over time (divorce)
A
chronosystem
24
Q
Who is behind Social Self Theory
Development Stages
A
George Herbert Mead
25
**DEVELOPMENT STAGES**
* Preparatory stage (b - 2y)
* Play stage (2 - 6y)
* GAme stage (7+)
26
children tends to mimic others
preparatory stage
27
children pay pretend = role expectation
play stage
28
children know the rules and can start to be anxious
game stage
29
**Who** is behind Psychoanalytic Theory
& The Structural Model
Sigmund Freud
30
**PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES**
* Psychoanalysis
* Structure of the mind
* Psychosexual development
* Defense mechanism
* The Structural Model
31
understanding and treating mental disorders
psychoanalysis
32
**Structure of the mind**
* Conscious mind
* Preconscious mind
* Unconscious mind
33
thoughts we are aware of
conscious mind
34
pieces of information that can be moved to consciousness
preconscious mind
35
forgotten memory
unconscious mind
36
**Psychosexual Development**
* Oral Stage (b- 18m)
* Anal stage (18m - 3y)
* Phallic Stage (3-6y)
* Latency stage (6y - puberty)
* Genital Stage (puberty+)
37
focus: mouth
foundation for trust and attachment
oral stage
38
anal
stage for independence and self-control .. toilet training
anal stage
39
genitals (sexual identity)
Oedipus complex (boys) --- Electra complex (girls)
phallic stage
40
repression of sexual desires
building friendships and skills
latency stage
41
genitals (sexual maturation & relationships)
mature - adult relationships
genital stage
42
**Defense Mechanism**
* repression
* denial
* projection
* regression
* displacement
* sublimation
* rationalization
* reaction formation
43
subconscious exclusion (ego)
shield
repression
44
temporary anxiety
refusal to accept reality
denial
45
distance - uncomfortable
one's undesirable thoughts (protects ego)
projection
46
childlike behavior
regression
47
redirecting emotions
(x) direct confrontation
displacement
48
harness inner drives
unacceptable -> achievement
sublimation
49
alleviate guilt - logical explanation
rationalization
50
oppose to true feelings (pakipot)
reaction formation
51
pleasure principle
id
52
rational & conscious part of the mind
ego
53
internalized moral standards
superego
54
**Who** is behind the Individual Psychology?
Alfred Adler
55
we're all born with it --- improve ourselves (self-ideal)
inferiority
56
excessive feelings and inferiority
inferiority complex
57
shape their behavior and personality
creative power
58
gain personal superiority
"impertinent and arrogant""
superiority complex
59
motivated by social interest and success of all human
"community feeling" or "social interest"
striving for success
60
flavor of person's life
style of life
61
- entrusted with responsibility to lead younger siblings
- seek approval
- have high expectations
- more prone to perfectionism
- cautious and conscientious behavior
firstborn children
62
- adaptable & flexible
- peacemaker & independent
- sense of fairness and justice
middle children
63
- outgoing, sociable
- creative & free-spirited
- charming & entertaining
- inferior feelings
youngest children
64
- early maturity
- high parental expectations
- a strong sense of independence & self-reliance
- adult company
only children
65
**Who** is behind Psychosocial Theory?
Erik Erikson
66
**PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY**
* Trust vs. Mistrust (b - 1y) --- hope
* Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (1-3y) --- will
* Initiative vs. Guilt (3-6y) --- purpose
* Industry vs. Inferiority (5-12y) --- competence
* Identity vs. Role Confusion (12-18y) --- fidelity
* Intimacy vs. Isolation (18-40y) --- love
* Generativity vs. Stagnation (40 - 65y) --- care
* Integrity vs. Despair (65y+) --- wisdom
67
hope
secure and nurturing environment = trust
trust vs. mistrust
68
will
success of choices = autonomy
autonomy vs. shame & doubt
69
purpose
explore, positive reinforcement = initiative
initiative vs. guilt
70
competence
new skills, shool success = industry
industry vs. inferiority
71
fidelity
clear sense of self = strong identity
identity vs. role confusion
72
love
deep connections/relationships = intimacy
intimacy vs. isolation
73
care
contributing to society & nurturing next generation
generativity vs. stagnation
74
wisdom
reflect and evaluate accomplishments
integrity vs. despair
75
**Who** is behind Operant Conditioning?
BF Skinner
76
**OPERANT CONDITIONING**
* Reinforcement
* Punishment
77
any event that **increases behavior**
reinforcent
78
do good = reward
positive reinforcement
79
remove unpleasant
negative reinforcement
80
any event that **decreases behavior**
punishment
81
adding unpleasant
positive punishment
82
taking pleasant away
negative punishment
