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1st Year - 2nd Semester > PSY 1A Quiz 1 > Flashcards

PSY 1A Quiz 1 Flashcards

module 1-3 (88 cards)

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1
Q

“I think therefore I am” — Rene Descartes

A

self == rational thinking person && being self conscious

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2
Q
  • mental process of being conscious
  • involves our thoughts, your wish, your aspirations
  • anything that passes though your mind
A

thinking

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3
Q

Daniel Kahneman’s Two Thinking System

A
  • an Israleli American pyschologist
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4
Q

his fields of expertise are cognitive psychology, judgement and decision-making, behavioral economics and hedonic psychology.

A

Daniel Kahneman’s

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5
Q

System One (preparedness to perceived)

A

1 - fast
2 - will not take a lot of time in trying to figure out what to do
3 - due to practice
4 - automatic
5 - requires minimum attention

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6
Q

System Two (When we make difficult choice)

A

1 - slow
2- reflective
3 - Analytical
4 - Requires more attention
5 - intense focusing

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7
Q

T/F:
The brain is not divided into two

A

True

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8
Q

T/F:
System one and system two don’t work in tandem, as separate entities.

A

False
they work in tandem

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9
Q

T/F:
Both systems can be biased and can make mistakes – neither one is categorically ‘good’ or ‘bad’

A

True

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10
Q

tendencies to perceive events in a negative manner

A

cognitive bias

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11
Q

COGNITIVE BIAS TYPES

A
  • selective abstraction
  • dichotomous thinking
  • over generalization
  • magnification
  • minimization
  • arbitrary inference
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12
Q

here the person focuses only on certain details and ignores the other details

A

selective abstraction

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13
Q

here the thinking is either or type. That is, the things are completely good or completely bad

A

dichotomous thinking

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14
Q

this refers to arriving at a conclusion on the basis of very little information

A

over generalization

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15
Q

this refers to the overstimation of a single event than the actual

A

magnification

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16
Q

minimizing vale of some event that what it actually is

A

minimization

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17
Q

drawing conclusions that have no evidence

A

arbitrary inference

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18
Q

a conscious mental rection (such as anger or fear) subjectively experienced as strong feeling

A

emotion

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19
Q

the way in which a person uses emotional experiences to provide for adaptive functioning (Thompson, 1994)

A

emotion regulation

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20
Q

SKILLS NECESSARY FOR EFFECTIVE EMOTION REGULATION

A
  • awareness of one’s emotional state
  • the capacity to detect emotions in other people
  • the ability to empathize with other’s emotional state
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21
Q

INDICATORS FOR ADAPTIVE EMOTION REGULATION

A
  • a high self-esteem
  • social competence
  • school engagement
  • feelings of attachment to parents and friends
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22
Q

an organism’s activities in resonse to external or internal stimuli, including objectively observable activities, retrospectively observable activities (see covert behavior)

A

behavior

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23
Q

INTERCONNECTEDNESS AMONG THE COMPONENTS OF THE SELF

A

1- activating events — something happens
2 - beliefs — the situation is interpreted
3 - emotion — a feeling occurs as a result of the thought
4 - behavior — an action in response of the emotion

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24
Q

CBT

A

negative thoughts –> upset feelings –> unhelpful behavior

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25
the ability to choose your response --- Stephen Covey
Response-ability (Responsibility)
26
- american and developmental psychologist - formulated the ecological systems theory
Urie Bronfrenbrenner
27
- his theory focuses on the quality and context of child's development
Urie Bronfrenbrenner
28
Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory
- Chronosystem - Macrosystem - Exosystem - Mesosystem - Microsystem - child
29
immediate environment/ surroundings and connection
microsystem
30
microsystem for CHILDREN
- teachers - parents - friends - classmates
31
microsystem for ADULTS
- job - class - place where they live
32
HEALTHY ECOLOGY
PARENTS - bonded with caregivers - positive discipline PEERS - peer acceptance - pro-social values SCHOOL - supportive teachers - academic sources
33
HIGH-RISH ECOLOGY
FAMILY - insecure bond - inconsistent discipline PEERS - peer conflict - antisocial values SCHOOL - conflict teachers - academic failure
34
interconnections of your microsystem
mesosystem
35
indirect environment (parent's job -- di ka part ng environment pero affected ka)
exosystem
36
- social and cultural values (traditions, religion) - largest and most distant collection of people and places to the children
macrosystem
37
- changes overtime - environmental events and transitions over the life course
chronosystem
38
T/F: Every child needs at least one adult who is irrationally crazy about him or her
true
39
infants begin to acquire the skills necessary to perform as a functioning member of their society - within it, a person develops a sense of self
socialization
40
the sum total of beliefs we each have about ourselves. How you think, evaluate or perceived yourself
self-concept
41
TWO TYPES OF SELF-CONCEPT
- the existential self - the categorical self
42
- the most basic part of the self-scheme or self-concept - sense of being separate and distinct form others - awareness of the constancy of the self
the existential self
43
- outside the group, you are an individual - exists as a separate experiencing being
the categorical self
44
SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS DEFINE OUR SELF
How we think of ourselves is linked to the person we are with at the moment you --> (friends, colleagues, family, random acquaintances, mastermind)
45
- looking glass self - american sociologist - founding member of the American Sociologiscal Association in 1905
Charles Horton Cooley
46
FOUR PRIMARY GROUPS OF THE LOOKING GLASS SELF
1. parents 2. siblings 3. play groups 4. elders
47
- American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist Mead's central concept is the self - self-awareness - self-image
George Mead (1863-1931)
48
3 STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF
S1 - The Preparatory Stage S2 - The Play Stage S3 - The Game Stage
49
S1: the preparatory stage (birth - about age 2)
- children mimic those around them - they start to learn language - incapable of takin gin the perspective of others
50
S2: The Play Stage ( from about age 2 to 6)
- children play pretend as a specific other - they do not adhere to the rules in organized games
51
S3: The Game Stage (from about age 7 onwards)
- children begin to understand the game rules - they start to understand attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of generalize others - they start to feel anxious
52
2 PHASES OF SELF
- Me -- The social self - I -- our response to the 'me'
53
- the social self - myself and how others see me - receives the action
me
54
- our response to the "Me" - how you see yourself - does the action
I
55
"I" && "Me"
self
56
"I am not who you think I am; I am not who I think I am; I am who I think you think I am" ---
Charles Horton Cooley
57
Scientific study of the mind and behavior
psychology
58
Who studies about instict? (under psychology topic)
Sigmund Freud
59
How many children does Sigmund Freud had with his second wife?
8
60
**THE STRUCTURAL MODEL**
* Id (das es) --- present at birth * Ego (das ich) --- age 2 * Superego (das uber-ich) --- age 5 ego == id + superego balance
61
states that events in our childhood have a great influence on our adult lives, shaping our personality
psychodynamic
62
These instinctive urges seek to preserve life. Satisfying needs
life (eros)
63
human strives to return to an inorganic state
death (thanatos)
64
seat of drives and instincts
id
65
logical, reality-oriented part of the mind - decision making
ego
66
moral and ideal aspects of personality
superego
67
**STAGES OF PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT**
* Oral (0-18 m) * Anal (18-36 m) * Oedipal (5-6y) * Latency (6y-puberty) * Genital(puberty onward)
68
The focus of pleasurable sensations or "during the first pregenital stage is the **mouth**
oral
69
CHARACTER TYPES OF ORAL
**Oral Receptive Character** --- too trusting, incompetent, dependent **Oral Aggressive Character** --- envy others success, manipulate
70
Pleasurable sensations are focused on the **anal cavity** - retention or expulsion of feces
anal
71
CHARACTER TYPES OF ANAL
**Anal-expulsive Personality** --- pleasure - naniniral **Anal-retentive Personality** --- cleanliness and orderliness
72
ANAL TRIAD
**Obstinacy** --- stubborn, indipendent **Parsimony** ---things should not be wasted **Orderliness** --- live a routine, perfectionistic
73
The primary focus of the libido is on the **genitals**
phallic
74
CHARACTER TYPES OF PHALLIC
**Oedipal Complex** --- males **Electra Complex** --- penis envy --- girls
75
6y-puberty - sexual feelings are inactive
latency
76
- sexual tension increases dramatically. - mate
genital
77
ego develops it to help an individual cope up with anxiety
defense mechanism
78
TYPES OF DEFENSE MECHANISM
* Repression * Denial * Projection * Reaction formation * Regression * Rationalization * Identification * Displacement * Sublimation
79
- most basic dm - ego is threated - blocking a wish or desire from conscious expression eg. Being unaware of deep-seated hostilities toward one's parents
repression
80
refusing to accept an unpleasant reality eg. refusing to believe one is dead
denial
81
- attributing an unconscious impulse, attitude, or behavior to another - person protects the ego eg. blaming another for your act or thinking that someone is out to get you
projection
82
expressing an impulse by its opposite (pakipot) eg. treating someone whom you intensely dislike in a friendly manner
reaction formation
83
returning to an earlier form of expressing an impulse (crying, cutting hair) eg. resuming bedwetting after one has long since stopped
regression
84
dealing with an emotion intellectually to avoid emotional concern -excuses eg. arguing that "Everybody else does it, so I don't have to feel guilty"
rationalization
85
TWO TYPES OF RATIONALIZATION
**Summer gaping** --- di nakuha gusto (pinapapanget) **Sweet lemon** --- yun lang kaya mong makuha (pinapaganda)
86
modeling one's behavior after the behavior of someone else eg. imitating one's mother or father
identification
87
satisfying an impulse with a substitute object eg. scapegoating
displacement
88
rechanneling an impulse into a more socially desirable outlet - anger->positive eg. satisfying sexual curiosity by researching sexual behaviors
sublimation

1st Year - 2nd Semester (14 decks)

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