PSYC Chapter 11 Flashcards
(17 cards)
What Are The Six Core Dimensions of Self Functioning
- Self-Acceptance (positive self-regard): Positive evaluations of oneself
- Relatedness (positive): Close, warm, satisfying relationships with others
- Autonomy: Self-determination and regulation
- Environmental Mastery: Sense of effectance in mastering circumstances and challenges
- Purpose: A sense of meaning that gives life direction and purpose
- Growth (personal): Harbouring a developmental trajectory characterized by self-improvement and growth
What Are The Four Fundamental Motivational Tasks or Problems That The Self Pursues and Solves?
- Defining or creating the self (self-concept): reflects how self-concept energizes & directs behaviour
- Discovering & developing personal potential: reflects and requires “agency”, the power and intention to act (a natural motivational force within us)
- Managing and regulating the self ( self-regulation): Reflects how self-control makes competent functioning more likely. Including delay of gratification & suppression of short-term rewards & temptations to pursue long-term goals that are more rewarding
- Relating the self to society: Reflects how our social identity energizes, directs & sustains our behaviour. We have a choice & responsibility to determine our relationships and social roles.
What Is The Problem With Placing Too Much Emphasis on Self Esteem In A Motivational Analysis of Behaviour?
Interventions to increase self esteem do not motivate us or lead to better performance, higher productivity or higher achievement. Success and failure can influence self-esteem. Self-esteem is the by-product of success/achievement.
What is a Self Schema?
Cognitive generalizations (beliefs/ideas) about the self that are domain-specific (particular domains of functioning that are personally important and for which we have well-developed self-concept) and learned from past experiences. such as in interpersonal domains (ex. shy), in academic domains (ex. skilled and successful). Self-schemas motivate us.
What Is The Self Schema’s Relationship To The Self Concept?
The self-concept is a collection of domain-specific self-schemas. Our major life-domains change over the course of our lifetime (at different ages and stages of our life), suggesting an age-related structure of self-concept.
How Do Self Schemas Generate The Motivation To Change?
Self-schemas generate motivation to move the present self towards a desired future self
What Is The Motivational Role of Possible Selves?
To link the present-self with ways to become the ideal self. We pursue the hoped for self. For example, what do I need to do (strategies/steps), in order to advance myself to become my ideal self.
What Is The Motivational Function of Possible Selves?
Possible self operates like a goal or personal striving. As a goal, it acts as a powerful impetus/prompt to action that enhances effort, increases persistence, focuses attention and undertakes strategic planning.
What Is The Cognitive Process Of Rejecting Self-Discrepant Feedback To Preserve Consistent Self View?
We create counter-explanations to discredit the self-discrepant feedback to preserve our self-view. We ask ourselves… a) is feedback valid & accurate? b) is source of feedback trustworthy/credible? c) how important or relevant is this feedback?
When A Person Receives Strong Personal Feedback That Disconcerts Personal Self View, What Variable Determines Whether They Will or Will Not Change Their Self Concept Certainty?
Whether the self-concept certainty is low or not. If it is low we are not confident of our self-concept. The strong discrepant feedback can overpower our pre-existing domain-relevant self-schemas and cause our self-concept to change. Is self-concept is high the strong discrepant feedback can be resisted and our self-concept does not change.
What Are The Two Processes That Guide Our Sense of Agency?
Differentiation and integration are the two processes that the core self is directed by.
How Does Intrinsic Motivation To Act Provide A Natural Motivational Use To Initiate And Sustain Our Behaviour and To Realize Our Potential?
Intrinsic motivation (autonomy, psychological needs, mastery of confidence and relatedness) is at the core of our agency.
What Underlies The Difference of A Self Important Goal and Self Dis-Important Goal?
Self Important: Represents your values, beliefs and interests
Self Dis-Important Goal: Represents someone else’s values and interests
Is Well-Being Something That You Can Pursue?
Well-being is not tangible, it is not something that you can just go have. It is the pursuit of things that represent deep seeded psychological needs.
What Is The Radish Study By Bulmeister?
One group was to perform a task that does require self control (eat cookies), the other group had to do the same task but that required self control (eat radishes not cookies). Second task required self control for both. Hypotheses: b/c self-control is depleting (of energy), participants who perform initial self-control task were exhausted, so they perform more poorly in second self-control task than the other group.
What Are The Radish Study’s Implications?
Self-control is an energy reserve with limited amounts: the more willpower you expend in resisting temptation/impulses, the less willpower (to persist in the face of challenges) you have thereafter. Glucose levels drop when we exert self-control.
What Is The Marshmallow Experiment?
4-5 y/o children could eat one reward (marshmallow) immediately, or wait 15 mins and get a larger reward (2 marshmallows). Those who were able to wait (self-control) generally fared better in life. They had higher grade point averages, SAT scores, popularity, health, pro-social and lower drug use levels.
