2 symptoms (1 positive) 1. Delusions (+) 2. Hallucinations (+) 3. Disorganized speech (+) 4. Catatonic behavior 5. negative symptoms ↑ dopamine and serotonin

Psych Flashcards by Tom Damiani

Schizophrenia

2 symptoms (1 positive)

Delusions (+)
Hallucinations (+)
Disorganized speech (+)
Catatonic behavior
negative symptoms

↑ dopamine and serotonin

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Manic episode

Hospitalization, 1 week, 3 symptoms

DIG FAST
Distractibility
Impulsivity
Grandiosity (inflated self esteem)
Flight of ideas
Agitation/Activity
Sleepless
Talkativeness

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Hypomanic epidsode

Not severe enough to limit social/occupational function

less than 4 days

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Bipolar I

Bipolar II

Bipolar I → 1 manic episode +/- depressive episode

Bipolar II → hypomanic episode + depressive episode, high suicide risk

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Cyclothymic disorder

2 years of symptoms present half the time

hypomanic episodes and mild depressive episodes

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Major depressive episode

2 weeks of 5 symptoms

d SIG E CAPS
depressed mood
Sleep disturbance
Interest loss (anhedonia)
Guilt

Energy loss

Concentration problems
Appetite/weight changes
Psychomotor retardation or agitation
Suicidal ideation

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Dysthymia

aka persistent depressive disorder

milder, 2 symptoms for 2 years, less than 2 months remission

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Cluster A personality disorders

Aloof, Accusatory, Awkward

Schizoid → Aloof, limited emotional expression, content with isolation
Schizotypal → Eccentric appearance, odd beliefs or magical thinking, socially awkward

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Cluster B personality disorders

Bad, Borderline, flamBoyant, Best

Antisocial/sociopath
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

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Borderline

cluster B
unstable mood
fear of abandonment
impulsive
suicidal and self mutilating
splitting defense mechanism (people are all good or all bad)

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Histrionic

Cluster B
flamBoyant
attentions-seeking
dramatic speech and emotional expression
shallow emotions
sexually provacative
use physical appearance to draw attention

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Antisocial/sociopath

must be over 18 for diagnosis

if under 18 → conduct disorder

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Cluster C personality disorders

Cowardly, obsessive Compulsive, Clingy

Avoidant
Obsessive-compulsive
Dependent

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Avoidant

Cluster C, Cowardly
hypersensitive to rejection, criticism
Timid
Feelings of inadequacy
Desires relationships with others

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dependent

Cluster C, Clingy
Excessive need for support
low self confidence

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Serotonin syndrome

3 A’s
↑ Activity (seizure, tremor, hypereflexia)
Autonomic Instability (hyperthemia, diaphoresis, diarrhea)
Altered mental status

tx: cyproheptadine

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TCA overdose

3 C’s
Convulsions
Coma (respiratory depression)
Cardiotoxicity (prolonged QT)

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Alcohol withdrawl tx

Bezodiaepines

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Bipolar tx

Lithium → manic and depressive
valproic acid → manic
carbamezepine → manic
lamotrigine → depressive

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Bulimia tx

SSRI

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Depressions tx

SSRI

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Gen anxiety disorder tx

SSRI, SNRI

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OCD tx

SSRI, venlafaxine, clomipramine

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Panic disorder tx

SSRI, venlafaxine, benzos

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PTSD tx

SSRI, venlafaxine

Schizophrenia tx

atypical antipsychotics

CNS stimulants

↑ catecholamines at the synaptic cleft

Typical antipsychotics

Halperidol pimozide -azines block Dopamine (D2) receptor ``` stored in fat (slow to remove from body) Tardive dyskinesia (chorea, orofacial especially) QT prolongation ```

High potency antipsychotics

Haloperidol, Trifluoperzine, Fluphenazine | Hal Tries to Fly HIGH

Low potency antipsychotics

Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine | Cheating Thieves are LOW

Atypical antipsychotics

Aripiprazole - apine - idone prolonged QT -apines → metabolic syndrome clozapine → bone marrow suppression Risperidone → hyperprolactinemia

Lithium

mechanism not understood mood stabilizer ``` LiTHIUM Low Thyroid (hypothyroidism) Heart (ebstein anomaly) Insipidus (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) Unwanted Movements (tremor) ```

Buspirone

stimulates 5-HT1A receptors GAD Does not cause sedation, tolerance, or addiction

SSRI

Fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, escitalopram, citalopram inhibit 5-HT reuptake used for everything ``` AA: sexual dysfunction serotonin syndrome GI SIADH ```

fluoxetine

SSRI

fluvoxamine

SSRI

Paroxetine

SSRI

Sertraline

SSRI

Escitalopram

SSRI

citalopram

SSRI

SNRI

venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, levomilnacipran, milnacipran inhibit 5-HT and NE reuptake Depression, GAD, diabetic neuropathy, ``` AA: ↑ BP stimulant sedation nausea ```

venlafaxine

SNRI | social anxiety, panic disorder, PTSD, OCD

desvenlafaxine

SNRI

duloxetine

SNRI

levomilnacipran

SNRI

milnacipran

SNRI

TCAs

Amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, despramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amoxapine inhibit 5-HT and NE reuptake convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Tranylcyproamine, phenelzine, isocarboxazid, selegine ↑ levels of NE, 5-HT, and Dopamine atypical depression, anxiety, AA: HTN crisis after tyramine ingestion contraindicated with St. John's wort

Amitriptyline

TCA

nortriptyline

TCA

imipramine

TCA

despramine

TCA

clomipramine

TCA

doxepin

TCA

amoxapine

TCA

Tranylcyproamine

MAO inhibitor

phenelzine

MAO inhibitor

isocarboxazid

MAO inhibitor

selegine

MAO inhibitor

Buproprion

inhibits NE and DA reuptake | atypical antidepressant

Mirtazapine

α2 antagonist ↑ NE and 5-HT atypical antidepressant

Trazodone

inhibits 5-HT2, α1-adrenergic, and H1 receptors used for insomnia AA: priapism (TrazzzzaBONE)

Varenicline

Smoking cessation | nicotinic ACh receptor agonist

Vilazodone

inhibits 5-HT reuptake | used for Major depression disorder

Methadone

opiate used for heroine detoxification

Buprenorphine

opiate (sublingual form) partial agonist to prevent relapse

naloxone

opioid antagonist that treats OD

Naltrexone

opioid antagonist long acting oral prevents relapse

Modafinil

narcolepsy tx

Ramelteon

Melatonin agonist | low risk tx for insomnia

Schizophreniform disorder

schizophrenia but only for 1-6 months | symptoms longer than 6 months is schizophrenia

Schizoaffective disorder

Psychotic symptoms (at least 2 weeks) without mania or depression

Alcohol withdrawl

tremors, seizures, tachycardia

Benzodiazepine withdrawl

tremors, seizures, tachycardia

heroine withdrawl

lacrimation, overactive bowel sounds | yawning, dilated pupils

Psych Flashcards

(75 cards)