Psychological Disorders

Question 0

4 criteria on the continuum of abnormal behaviour

Answer 0

1. Statistical infrequency (how rare is the behaviour?)
2. Disability or dysfunction (is there a loss of normal functioning?)
3. Personal distress (is the person unhappy?)
4. Violation of norms (is the behaviour culturally abnormal?)

Question 1

Abnormal behaviour

Answer 1

Patterns of emotion, thought, and action considered pathological (diseased/disordered)

Question 2

Insanity

Answer 2

Legal term applied when people cannot be held responsible for their actions, or are judged incompetent to manage their own affairs because of mental illness

Question 3

Medical model

Answer 3

Perspective that assumes diseases (including mental illness) have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and possibly cured

Question 4

Psychiatry

Answer 4

Branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders

Question 5

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Answer 5

Classification system developed by the American Psychiatric association used to describe abnormal behaviours

Question 6

Neurosis

Answer 6

Outmoded term for disorders characterized by unrealistic anxiety and other associated problems

Question 7

Psychosis

Answer 7

Serious mental disorders characterized by extreme mental disruption and loss of contact with reality

Question 8

6 categories in the DSM

Answer 8

• anxiety disorders
• mood disorders
• schizophrenia
• substance-related disorders
• dissociative disorders
• personality disorders

Question 9

Anxiety disorder

Answer 9

Type of abnormal behaviour characterized by unrealistic, irrational fear

Question 10

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 10

Persistent, uncontrollable, and free-floating anxiety

Question 11

Panic disorder

Answer 11

Sudden and inexplicable panic attacks; symptoms include difficulty breathing, heart palpitations, dizziness, trembling, terror, and feelings of impending doom

Question 12

Phobia

Answer 12

Intense, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation

Question 13

Ocd

Answer 13

Intrusive, repetitive fearful thoughts (obsessions), urges to perform repetitive, ritualistic behaviours (compulsions) or both

Question 14

Factors explaining why people develop anxiety disorder, depression, and schizophrenia

Answer 14

• psychological
• biological
• sociocultural

Question 15

Major depressive disorder

Answer 15

Long-lasting depressed mood that interferes with the ability to function, feel pleasure, or maintain interest in life

Question 16

Bipolar disorder

Answer 16

Repeated episodes of mania (elation and activity) and depression

Question 17

Learned helplessness

Answer 17

Seligman’s term for a state of helplessness or resignation in which human or nonhuman animals learn that escape from something painful is impossible and depression results

Question 18

Schizophrenia

Answer 18

Group of psychotic disorders involving major disturbances in perception, language, thought, emotion, and behaviour - the individual withdraws from people and reality into a fantasy life of delusions and hallucinations

Question 19

Hallucinations

Answer 19

Imaginary sensory perceptions that occur without external stimuli

Question 20

Delusions

Answer 20

Mistaken beliefs based on a misrepresentation of reality

Question 21

Substance related disorders

Answer 21

Abuse of, or dependence on, a mood or behaviour altering drug

Question 22

Comorbidity

Answer 22

Co-occurrence of 2 or more disorders in the same person at the same time, as when a person suffers from both depression and alcoholism

Question 23

Dissociative disorder

Answer 23

Amnesia, fatigue, or multiple personalities resulting from a splitting apart of experience from memory or consciousness

Question 24

Dissociative identity disorder

Answer 24

Presence of two or more distinct personality systems in the same individual at different times; previously known as multiple personality disorder

Question 25

Personality disorders

Answer 25

Inflexible, maladaptive personality traits that cause significant impairment of social and occupational functioning

Question 26

Antisocial personality disorder

Answer 26

Profound disregard for and violation of the rights of others

Question 27

Borderline personality disorder

Answer 27

Impulsivity and instability in mood, relationships, and self-image