Therapy Flashcards
(40 cards)
Three approaches to therapy
- insight (personal understanding & self-knowledge)
- behaviour (changing maladaptive behaviours)
- biomedical (medical treatments such as drugs)
Psychoanalysis
Freudian therapy designed to bring unconscious conflicts, which usually date back to early childhood experiences, into consciousness - also his school of thought emphasizing mental processes
Free association
In psychoanalysis, reporting whatever comes to mind without monitoring its contents
Dream analysis
In psychoanalysis, interpreting the underlying true meaning of dreams to reveal unconscious processes
Resistance
In psychoanalysis, the persons inability or unwillingness to discuss or reveal certain memories, thoughts, motives, or experiences
Transference
In psychoanalysis, the patient may displace or transfer unconscious feelings about a significant person in his or her life onto the therapist
Interpretation
A psychoanalyst’s explanation of a patient’s free associations, dreams, resistance, and transference; more generally, any statement by a therapist that presents a patient’s problem in a new way
Psychodynamic approach
A briefer, more directive form of psychoanalysis that focuses on conscious processes and current problems
Cognitive therapy
Therapy that focuses on faulty thought processes and beliefs to treat problem behaviours
Self-talk
Internal dialogue; the things people say to themselves when they interpret events
Cognitive restructuring
Process in cognitive therapy to change destructive thoughts or inappropriate interpretations
Rational-emotive therapy (rebt)
Ellis’s cognitive therapy to eliminate self-defeating beliefs through rational examination
Four steps in the REBT approach
- activating event (blocked from goal)
- irrational beliefs (interpreting the frustration irrationally)
- emotional consequences (negative feelings that reinforce negative beliefs)
- disputing irrational beliefs (challenging those beliefs to change negative emotions)
Cognitive behaviour therapy
Beck’s system for confronting and changing behaviours associated with destructive cognitions
Thinking patterns associated with depression
- selective perception (focusing on the negative and ignoring the positive)
- overgeneralization (overgeneralizing and drawing negative conclusions about your self-worth)
- magnification (exaggerating importance of shortcomings)
- all-or-nothing thinking (things are either good or bad)
Humanistic therapy
Therapy to maximize personal growth through affective restructuring (emotional readjustment)
Client-centered therapy
Roger’s therapy emphasizing clients natural tendency to become healthy and productive; techniques include empathy, unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and active listening
Empathy
In Rogerian terms, an insightful awareness and ability to share another’s inner experience
Unconditional positive regard
Rogers term for love and acceptance with no contingencies attached
Genuiness
In Rogerian terms, authenticity or congruence, the awareness of one’s true inner thoughts and feelings and being able to share them with others
Active listening
Listening with total attention to what another is saying; involves reflecting, paraphrasing, and clarifying what the person says and means
Group therapy
A number of people meet together to work towards therapeutic goals
Self-help group
Leaderless or non-professionally guided groups in which members assist each other with specific problems, such as Alcoholics Anonymous
Advantages of group therapy
- less expense
- group support
- insight & information
- behaviour rehearsal
