Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCAT > psychology > Flashcards

psychology Flashcards

1
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

rest and digest
pupil and bronchi constriction, slows heartbeat, stimulates digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

fight or flight
pupil dilation, accelerates heartbeat, sweating, adrenaline, inhibits bladder and digestion, stimulates glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

thalamus function

A

relays sensory info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

hypothalamus function

A

homeostasis, endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

amygdala function

A

fear and aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hippocampus function

A

memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

bottom-up processing

A

data-driven
object recognition by parallel processing, feature detection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

top-down processing

A

conceptually-driven
recognition by memory and expectation with little attention to detail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gestalt principles

A

brain can infer missing parts of an image when it is incomplete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

habituation

A

becoming used to a stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

dishabituation

A

second stimulus intervenes, causes resensitization to original stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

classical conditioning

A

neutral stimulus becomes associated with unconditioned stimulus
neutral stimulus becomes conditioned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

operant conditioning

A

frequency of a behavior is modified using reinforcement or punishment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

awake stage EEG waves

A

beta and alpha
process, perceive, access, express info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

EEG waves light sleep

A

theta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

EEG waves slow-wave sleep and dreams

A

delta
[D = dreams, delta]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

EEG waves REM

A

beta
appears physiologically awake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

episodic memory

A

events and experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

semantic memory

A

facts and concepts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

procedural memory

A

skills, tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

frontal lobe function

A

executive function, impulse control, planning, speech production (Broca’s area)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

parietal lobe funtion

A

sensation, spacial processing and orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

occipital lobe function

A

visual processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

temporal lobe function

A

sound processing (auditory cortex)
speech perception (wernicke’s area)
emotion (limbic system)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

acetylcholine

A

voluntary muscle control, PNS, attention and alertness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

epinephrine, norepinephrine

A

fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

dopamine

A

smooth movements, posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

serotonin

A

mood, sleep, eating, dreaming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

GABA

A

brain “stabilization”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

endorphins

A

natural painkillers

31
Q

gestalt principles

A

brain can infer missing parts of image

32
Q

positive reinforcement

A

stimulus added, behavior continues

33
Q

negative reinforcement

A

stimulus removed, behavior continues

34
Q

positive punishment

A

stimulus added, behavior stops

35
Q

negative punishment

A

stimulus removed, behavior stops

36
Q

James-Lange

A

first response: nervous system arousal
second response: conscious emotion

37
Q

cannon-bard

A

first response: nervous system + conscious emotion
second response: action

38
Q

stages of general adaptation syndrome

A

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

39
Q

ID

A

sexual, aggressive drives

40
Q

ego

A

realistic, mediates ID and superego

41
Q

superego

A

moral conscience

42
Q

social facilitation

A

tendency to perform at a different level when others are around

43
Q

groupthink

A

making decisions based on ideas/solutions that arise within the group, no consideration of outside ideas

44
Q

cultural assimilation

A

one culture melts into another

45
Q

socialization

A

developing/spreading norms, customs, beliefs

46
Q

cultural relativism

A

studying social groups, cultures on their own terms

47
Q

social constructionism

A

how individuals and groups make decisions to agree upon given social reality

48
Q

stimulant examples and function

A

amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy
increased arousal

49
Q

depressants examples and function

A

alcohol, barbituates, benzos
relaxation, reduced anxiety

50
Q

opiates/opiods examples and function

A

heroin, morphine, pain meds
decreased pain, euphoria

51
Q

hallucinogens examples and function

A

LSD, ketamine, mushrooms, mescaline
distortion of reality

52
Q

piaget: sensorimotor stage

A

first stage (0-2)
gathering info via senses
object permanence

53
Q

piaget: preoperational stage

A

second stage (2-7)
pretend play
egocentric

54
Q

piaget: concrete operational

A

third stage (7-11)
empathy, math skills, concrete/real events

55
Q

piaget: formal operational

A

fourth stage (12+)
logic about abstracts, hypotheticals

56
Q

availability heuristic

A

examples that come to mind (quick, easy, accessible)

57
Q

representativeness heuristic

A

most representative answer, fits prototype

58
Q

mediating variable

A

explains the association between two other variables through a causal relationship

59
Q

moderating variable

A

modulates the intensity of a certain relationship

60
Q

confounding variable

A

extraneous variable that is related to BOTH the dependent and independent variables.

61
Q

thyroid gland hormones

A

T3, T4, calcitonin

62
Q

anterior pituitary hormones

A

flat peg

63
Q

posterior pituitary hormones

A

stores hormones produced by hypothalamus
oxytocin, ADH

64
Q

adrenal cortex hormones

A

aldosterone and cortisol

65
Q

adrenal medulla hormones

A

epi, norepi

66
Q

meritocracy

A

economic goods or political power are vested in individual people based on ability and talent, rather than wealth or social class

67
Q

psychoanalytic/psychodynamic theory of personality

A

ID, ego, superego

68
Q

humanistic perspective of personality

A

free will determines behavior
people strive to self-actualize: real vs ideal self can lead to defensive behavior

69
Q

social cognitive perspective

A

thinking, judging lead to personality development

70
Q

trait perspective

A

common traits that each individual exhibits to some degree

71
Q

social loafing

A

putting less effort in when with a group

72
Q

cognitive dissonance

A

the state of having inconsistent thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes, especially as relating to behavioral decisions and attitude change

73
Q

fundamental attribution error

A

overemphasizing personal characteristics
not emphasizing situation when judging others

74
Q

group polarization

A

tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members

MCAT (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions