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AAH Final Review > Psychology Book Test 3 > Flashcards

Psychology Book Test 3 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Type A Personality

A

Competitive, impatient, and ambitious

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2
Q

Resistance Stage

A

Body attempts to return to a normal state by restoring spent energy and repairing damage; arousal remains high; anger, fatigue

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3
Q

Rationalization

A

Use of self-justifications to explain away unacceptable behaviors

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4
Q

Pleasure Principle

A

The demand for instant gratification without regard to social rules or customs

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5
Q

Maslow

A

Developed the self-actualization principle

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6
Q

Standard Scores

A

Scores that represent an individual’s relative deviation from the mean of the standardized sample

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7
Q

Allport

A

Said personality traits are inherited but influenced by experience

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8
Q

Individualistic Culture

A

A culture that emphasizes individual identity and personal accomplishments

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9
Q

Acculturative

A

Demands faced by immigrants in adjusting to a host culture

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10
Q

Personality

A

The relatively stable constellation of psychological characteristics and behavioral patterns that account for our individuality

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11
Q

Internal Locus Control

A

Rewards or reinforcements in life are a direct consequence of their own actions

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12
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Most common form of skin cancer

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13
Q

Multiple Approach-Avoidance

A

Involves two or more goals, each with compelling positive and negative characteristics

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14
Q

Collectivistic Culture

A

A culture that emphasizes people’s social roles and obligations

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15
Q

Karen Horney

A

Studied basic anxiety (children feeling isolated and helpless) and basic hostility (deep form of resentment toward parents)

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16
Q

Distress

A

Unpleasant state of physical or mental pain or suffering

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17
Q

Genital Stage

A

Puberty

People seek sexual intimacy

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18
Q

Oral Stage

A

Birth-18 months

Put things in mouth, clingy, passive

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19
Q

Approach-Approach

A

Two positive but mutually exclusive goals exist

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20
Q

Phallic Stage

A

3-6 years old

Oedipus/Electra complex

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21
Q

Fixations

A

Constellations of personality traits characteristic of a particular stage of psychosexual development, resulting from either excessive or inadequate gratification

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22
Q

Traumatic Stressors

A

Potentially life-threatening events

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23
Q

Walter Mischel

A

Said behavior is influenced by situational variables ad person variables

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24
Q

Encoding Strategies

A

Personal perceptions of events

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25
Julian Rotter
Came up with the Locus of Control
26
General Adaptation Syndrome
Selye's term for the three-stage response of the body to persistent or intense stress
27
Hypothalamus
Small endocrine gland located in the midbrain that coordinates the response to stress
28
Preconscious
The part of the mind whose contents can be brought into awareness through focused attention
29
Surface Traits
Can be inferred from behavior
30
Source Traits
Deep level of personality, must be inferred based on underlying relationships
31
Hans-Eysenck
Extraverted-Neurotic Extraverted-Stable Introverted-Neurotic Introverted-Stable
32
Sublimation
Channeling of unacceptable impulses into socially constructive pursuits
33
Antibodies
Protein molecules that serve to mark antigens for destruction by specialized lymphocytes
34
Corticosteroids
Adrenal hormones that increase the body's resistance to stress by increasing the availability of stored nutrients to meet the increased energy demands of stressful events
35
Reciprocal Determinism
Cognitions, behaviors, and environmental factors influence each other
36
Outcome Expectations
Predictions of the outcomes of behavior
37
Efficacy Expectations
Predictions you hold about your ability to perform tasks or behaviors you set our to accomplish
38
Adrenal Cortex
The outer layer of the adrenal glands that secretes corticosteroids
39
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone
Pituitary hormone that activates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroids
40
Alarm Stage
First stage of the general adaptation syndrome involving mobilization of the body's resources to cope with an immediate stressor
41
Approach-Avoidance
A goal has both positive and negative qualities
42
Creative Self
Aware of itself and organizes goal-seeking behavior
43
Inferiority Complex
Children feel inferior and want to compensate
44
Adrenal Medulla
Inner part of the adrenal glands that secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline
45
Unconditional Positive Regard
Valuing another person as having intrinsic worth
46
Conditional Regard
Valuing a person only when the person's behavior meets certain standards
47
Five Factor Model
Dominant trait model of personality 1. Neuroticism 2. Extraversion 3. Openness 4. Agreeableness 5. Conscientiousness
48
Antigens
Substances that are recognized by the immune system as a foreign to the body and that induce it to produce antibodies to defend against them
49
Psychological Hardiness
A cluster of personality traits associated with an increased resilience to stress
50
Self Ideals
Our idealized sense of who or what we should be
51
Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis
The integrated system of endocrine glands involved in the body's response to stress
52
Exhaustion Stage
Heart rate and respiration decrease | Disease of adaptation (kidney, heart, depression)
53
Latency Stage
Ages 6-12 | Sexual impulses are dormant
54
Psychoanalytic Theory
Freud's theory of personality and behavior are shaped by unconscious forces and conflicts
55
Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone
A hormone released by the hypothalamus that induces the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotrophic hormone
56
Anal Stage
18mos-3 years
57
Avoidance-Avoidance
Both opposing goals are unpleasant
58
Id
Instinctual impulses
59
Reaction Formation
Behaving in a way that is opposite of one's true wishes or desires
60
Interleukin-6
Associated with heart disease, diabetes, and cancer

AAH Final Review (10 decks)

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