Psychology Test (Semester 1 Year 1)

Question 1

4 C’s of sport and exercise psychology?

Answer 1

Confidence
Commitment
Controlling emotions
Concentration

Question 2

Three roles of sport and exercise psychologists?

Answer 2

Researcher
Teacher
Consultant

Question 3

1893-1920 period of sport and exercise psychology?

Answer 3

The early years

Question 4

1921-1938 period of sport and exercise psychology?

Answer 4

The development of labs and psychological testing

Question 5

1939-1965 period of sport and exercise psychology?

Answer 5

Prep for the future

Question 6

1966-1977 period of sport and exercise psychology?

Answer 6

Establishment of academic sport psychology

Question 7

1978-1999 period of sport and exercise psychology?

Answer 7

Multidisciplinary science and practice in sport and exercise psychology

Question 8

2000-present period of sport and exercise psychology?

Answer 8

Contemporary sport and exercise psychology

Question 9

Characteristics of a values and mental toughness profiler?

Answer 9

Categories/areas
Comments/examples of why and how much an individual needs to improve
Rating of 1-10 of improvement need

Question 10

2 personality definitions?

Answer 10

1. ) Personality is the dynamic organisation within the individual of those psychosocial symptoms that determine his/her unique adjustments to his/her environment.
2. ) Personality is the sum total of an individual’s characteristics which make him/her unique

Question 11

(Martens) Structure of personality model?

Answer 11

Typical responses are influenced by our psychological core

Role-related behaviour is influenced by our social environment

Question 12

3 major approaches to understanding personality?

Answer 12

Trait approach
Situational approach
Interactional approach

Question 13

What is the trait approach to understanding personality?

Answer 13

Assumes personality traits are stable and consistent across different situations, suggests traits predispose someone to act in a certain way.

Question 14

What is the situational approach to understanding personality?

Answer 14

Argues behaviour is determined predominantly by the situation/environment.

Question 15

What is the interactional approach to understanding personality?

Answer 15

Argues behaviour is determined by both the person’s traits and the situation as well as the interaction.

Question 16

What is the most common approach to understanding personality?

Answer 16

Interactional approach

Question 17

Acronym for the big 5 model?

Answer 17

OCEAN

Question 18

What is the role of the big 5 model?

Answer 18

To act as a predictor of physical activity

Question 19

What are the 5 categories in the big 5 model?

Answer 19

Openness
Conscientiousness
Extroversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

Question 20

(Howard) What categories from the big 5 model with physical activity are moderated by exercise intensity?

Answer 20

Neuroticism
Extroversion
Concientiousness

Question 21

What 4 factors are known to moderate personality and physical activity?

Answer 21

Gender
Age
Country
Culture

Question 22

(Rhodes & Dickau) What affects your intentions with physical activity?

Answer 22

Consientiousness

Question 23

(Ajzen) What does the theory of planned behaviour suggest?

Answer 23

Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control shape individual behavioural intentions.
Behavioural intention is assumed to be the most proximal determinant of human social behaviour.

Question 24

Whose work found that looking at both the person and the situation could explain twice as much behaviour as traits alone?

Answer 24

Bowers

Question 25

Self-confidence definition?

Answer 25

The belief that you can successfully perform a desired behaviour.

Question 26

What is depositional self-confidence?

Answer 26

The degree of certainty individuals usually have about their ability to succeed.

Question 27

What is state like self-confidence?

Answer 27

The belief of certainty that individuals have at a particular moment about their ability to succeed.

Question 28

What is optimal confidence?

Answer 28

Being so convinced that you will achieve your goals that you strive hard to do so.

Question 29

What are the results of a lack of confidence?

Answer 29

Creates anxiety, breaks concentration, and causes indecisiveness.

Question 30

What are the results of overconfidence?

Answer 30

Causes you to prepare less than you need in order to perform.

Question 31

4 components of Vealey & Chase's model of sport confidence? (2008)

Answer 31

Types of sport confidence. Sources of sport confidence. Consequences of sport confidence. Factors influencing sport confidence & performance.

Question 32

What does the component 'Types of sport confidence' suggest in Vealey & Chase's model of sport confidence? (2008)

Answer 32

Confidence is conceptualised multidimensionally.

Question 33

How many sources of sport confidence are there in Vealey and Chase's model of sport confidence? What are they categorised under? (2008)

Answer 33

9 sources categorised under: - Achievement - Self-regulation - Social climate

Question 34

What do consequences of sport confidence impact according to Vealey & Chase's model of sport confidence?

Answer 34

(ABC) Affect Behaviour Cognitions

Question 35

How does organisational culture influence sport confidence in Vealey & Chase's model of sport confidence? (2008)

Answer 35

Through competition, motivational climate, coaching behaviour, etc.

Question 36

How do demographic/personality characteristics influence sport confidence in Vealey & Chase's model of sport confidence? (2008)

Answer 36

Through optimism, goal orientations, gender, race etc.

Question 37

What is self-efficacy?

Answer 37

Situation specific confidence.

Question 38

What does self-efficacy affect?

Answer 38

Choice of activity. Degree of effort. Level of persistence.

Question 39

Where does self-efficacy come from?

Answer 39

Performance accomplishments. Vicarious experience. Verbal persuasion. Emotional and physiological arousal.

Question 40

What is the most reliable predictor of self-efficacy?

Answer 40

Performance accomplishments

Question 41

2 types of verbal persuasion?

Answer 41

External. | Internal.

Question 42

4 components of subjective appraisal?

Answer 42

Environmental conditions. Levels of preparation. Consequences of success and failure. Opponents' strengths and weaknesses.

Question 43

How do we form impressions of opponents? (Warr & Knapper)

Answer 43

Present stimulus person information. Stored stimulus person information. Current context information.

Question 44

Impacts of first impressions?

Answer 44

Shape interactions

Question 45

Process of expectancies?

Answer 45

Attention, evaluation and memory

Question 46

Impacts of expectancies?

Answer 46

Affects confidence and performance. | The way we perceive someone will influence how we explain their actions.

Question 47

What is cognitive restructuring?

Answer 47

Aims to replace irrational or unhelpful thought patterns with more adaptive thoughts.

Question 48

What may differences in interpretation be due to?

Answer 48

The manner in which performers approach situations.

Question 49

Why may there be differences in anxiety interpretation in different sports?

Answer 49

A rugby player is more likely to find anxiety symptoms more facilitating than a golfer.

Question 50

Original proposal about the relationship between performance and arousal?

Answer 50

Low arousal = low performance. Medium arousal = optimal performance. High arousal = low performance.

Question 51

When do task oriented individuals feel successful/competent?

Answer 51

When they improve their skills.

Question 52

What are stability and locus of causality dimensions of?

Answer 52

Attributions

Question 53

Symptoms of somatic anxiety?

Answer 53

Increased muscle tension. Profuse sweating. Butterflies in stomach.

Question 54

What does the CSAI-2 measure?

Answer 54

Cognitive anxiety. Somatic anxiety. Self-confidence.

Question 55

Another word for 'vicarious experiences'?

Answer 55

Modelling

Question 56

What is the basic premise of the Health Belief Model?

Answer 56

Individuals will engage in preventative health behaviours depending on the individuals perception of the severity of past illnesses.

Question 57

How does the theory of planned behaviour extend the theory of reasoned action?

Answer 57

By including the factor of perceived behavioural control.

Question 58

What is an example of a scale for measuring team cohesion?

Answer 58

Group environment questionnaire