Psychometric Meauresnand Visual Rating Scales Flashcards
(25 cards)
One type of psychometric test
The Mcgill pain questionnaire or the MPQ
what is the MPQ?
It’s a self report used by a physicians to measure subjective pain experiences. It was designed to give quantitative data which can be statistically analyzed.
Who created the MPQ?
Mazak and torgerson 1971
How was the MPQ created?
They asked doctors and University graduates to put 120 adjectives into groups which describe different aspects of pain they then identified three dimensions of pain and a fourth miscellaneous category. These were subdivided into 20 different questions.
How many dimensions of pain are there?
Three dimensions of pain and a fourth miscellaneous category
How many sub categories are there?
20
What are the three dimensions of pain?
Sensory effective evaluative and the miscellaneous
Explain the sensory dimension
This is questions at one to 10
This is what the pain feels like like physically types of pain are put into different categories within each category. Patients have issues between 2 to 6 words to describe their pain. Each word is assign the number.
Example question of sensory dimension in the MPQ
Category nine dullness
Dull 1
Sore 2
Hurting 3
Aching 4
Heavy 5
The affective dimension
This is questions 11 to 15. This is the emotional side of pain and looks at the emotions. The pain makes the patient feel among the choices are
Tiring sickening or fearful choice is between two and five words each with the number
Evaluative dimension
Question 16 what is the subjective intensity of the pain experiences measured with a five point scale for examine which word describes it at its worst
Mild 1
Discomforting 2
Distressing 3
Horrible 4
Excruciating 5
The miscellaneous category
This is question 17 to 20 and it looks at various aspects on a 3 to 5 point rating scale
What participants do if a word did not describe how they were feeling
When filling out they were told to pick the word that best fit their pain if none describes their feeling leave empty
Patient were also asked to indicate their pain on a body chart what was used for an expression of pain on the surface
E
What was used as an expression for internal pain and for both?
I and IE
Three major results
A pain rating index the higher the score the higher, the levels of pain. The total score is given for all 20 questions plus a sensory effective and evaluation score
The number of word chosen
The present pain intensity PPI at the time of the questionnaire
Strength of the MPQ
A strength of the Miguel pain questionnaire is that it has been found to be reliable and invalid. Ferraz1998 performed a test retest analysis on 91 and found excellent reliability R=+0.95 meaning that the responses of the patients on the questionnaire were highly correlated when tested on the same questionnaire again later in terms of validity Byrne et al 1982 compared results of patient with back pain to previous research and found similar results
Weakness
One weakness is that quantitative measures of pain may limit the ability of patience to communicate the real experience of pain. For example, some patients might find the words used to describe the different types of pain, do not fit with their subjective experience of pain or may have a strong enough grasp of the English language to understand the differences between the words this means that some patient may choose a certain word but misunderstood their meaning sympathy just because they want to give social desirable responses
What is the visual analog scale?
The visual analog scale, or the VAS is a psychotic scale that is designed to measure an attitude feeling or characteristic that cannot be directly measured, like subjective perception of pain along a continuum of values
Length of the horizontal line
It is usually shown to the patient as a 100 mm horizontal line along which the patient marks their current intensity of pain
Name the extremities of pain for the VAS
Each end of the line shows the extremities of what is being measured extreme pain to the extreme pain left best right worst
When does the VAS completion occur and what is the strength of?
They can complete the VAS each time they visit the clinic the healthcare professionals can use it to monitor their pain experiences and whether they are increasing decreasing or remaining the same
One strength
Quick and easy to complete there are no gaps in pain mild moderate severe skin more valid
Weakness
Patients are not able to elaborate on their pain lowering validity. It is only a basic measure.
