Psychosis - Schizophrenia Flashcards

Question

What is neologisms?

Answer 1

new word formations (may combine two words). Sign of mania.

Answer 2

repetition of ideas or words despite an attempt to change the topic.

Answer 3

Hyperprolactinaemia | altho this is usually more common in typical antipsychotics

Answer 4

Clozapine ‘Treatment-Resistant’ → failure to respond to two antipsychotics (at least one atypical), given at a therapeutic dose for at least six weeks.

Answer 5

lasts <1 month and subsequent return to baseline functioning.

Answer 6

Catatonia (catatonic schizophrenia)

Answer 7

Management inovles stopping the offending drug, and supportive treatment (external cooling devices + rehydration with IV fluids). Dantrolene may also be used. (muscle relaxant)

Answer 8

Improve symptoms (often for schizophrenia)

Answer 9

This dopamine pathway tonically inhibits prolactin release

Answer 10

Unfounded or inaccurate beliefs that one has special powers, wealth, mission, or identity

Answer 11

Severe restlessness treat: switch or lower dose of antipsychotic Give propranolol BDZ

Answer 12

Paranoid (most common) Catatonic Hebephrenic Simple

Answer 13

Somatic passivity

Answer 14

Hypoactivity in the prefrontal cortex

Answer 15

Oral lorazepam + midazolam (for sedation) Need to Early intervention in psychosis team start on atypical antipsychotics e.g. aripiprazol / quetiapine (start low go slow)

Answer 16

completely incoherent speech where real words are strung together into nonsense sentences.

Answer 17

Sustained muscle contraction (eg. torticollis - deviation of neck, oculogyric crisis - upward deviation of eye and clenched jaw). Treat with procyclidine (anticholinergic)

Answer 18

QT prolongation - do ECG prior to starting

Answer 19

Poor motivation the inability to initiate or engage in goal-directed behaviors, as they cannot anticipate pleasurable experiences

Answer 20

Dopamine D2 receptor antagonists Haloperidol Chlorpromazine

Answer 21

STROKE + VTE

Answer 22

Effects are brought around by D2 antagonists This dopamine system contains 80% of the brains dopamine. Involved with motor planning and purposeful movement

Answer 23

unexpected and illogical leaps from one idea to another. More commonly associated with schizophrenia.

Answer 24

- Strong family history - gradual onset - prodomal phase of social withdrawal - lack of obvious precipitant - low IQ

Answer 25

wandering from a topic without returning to it, usually with loosely discernible links.

Answer 26

patient’s thoughts appear to be projected out loud people talking about you in 3rd person hear a running commentary out loud voices in 2nd person telling patient to do something

Answer 27

Nihilistic delusion: o : Patient denies self-existence, is putrefying, or has lost blood or internal organs.

Answer 28

Early intervention psychosis team

Answer 29

atypical antipsychotic

Answer 30

o Belief that a complete stranger is actually a familiar person already known to one.

Answer 31

is the biggest risk factor for schizophrenia monozygotic twin has schizophrenia = {{c2::50%}} parent has schizophrenia = {{c3::10-15%}} sibling has schizophrenia = {{c4::10%}} no relatives with schizophrenia = {{c5::1%}}

Answer 32

inability to answer a question without giving excessive uneccessary detail (but person does eventually return to original point).

Answer 33

Usually 15-25 years old. Disorganised speech (neoligisms, knight’s move thinking) and mood. I Inappropriate effect (eg. lauging at something sad).

Answer 34

Parkinsonism Akathisia Tardive dyskinesia Acute dystonia

Answer 35

The patient believes that another person is secretly in love with them – often associated with a celebrity/unattainable/not part of the patient’s social circle. Can lead to stalking / assultive behaviour Excessive sexual desire

Answer 36

Delusional disorder is characterised as the presence of one or more delusions of >1 month in a patient who is functionally intact.

Answer 37

rganic causes : dementia, delirum, parkinsons, huntingtons, substance / steroid induced Psychotic disorders : Schizophrenia, acute psychosis, delusional disorder Affective disorders with pyschosis: depression with psychotic symptoms, BPAD/mania with psychotic symptoms Postpartum: Peurperal psychosis

Answer 38

Paranoid (most common) -> main symptoms are prominent delusions and hallucinations.

Answer 39

Schizoaffective: presence of symptoms of schizophrenia (eg. delusions, heallucinations) for at least 1 month alongside features of a mood disorder (ie. mania or depression) [present together during one episode, or within two weeks of each other]. there should be a period of at least 2 weeks where psychosis is observed in the absence of mood symptoms

Answer 40

ideas are related only by the fact they sound similar or rhyme.

Answer 41

Weight gain

Answer 42

Negative symptoms only

Answer 43

Hebephrenic schizophrenia Knight's move thinking (aka Derailment)- patient moves from one idea to another with strage illogical associations between the ideas.

Answer 44

he patient believes that a spouse or partner is unfaithful and finds ‘evidence’ to support the delusion. o Accuses the spouse - Aggressive, threatening and possibly violent behaviour (homicide and suicide). o Delusion of infidelity.

Answer 45

believe some of their thoughts are not their own but have been implanted by someone else}}

Answer 46

:believe someone else is accessing their thoughts

Answer 47

believe everyone can hear their thoughts}}

Answer 48

The patient believes that there is something wrong with their body. - Undiagnosed disease - Delusional parasitosis - Facitious disorder - Hyperchondriasis

Answer 49

Extrapyramidal symptoms (drug induced movement disorders)

Answer 50

Atypical- duh

Answer 51

False belief that one is infested with small but visible organisms Secondary to tactile hallucinations.

Answer 52

A somantic delusion disorder belief

Answer 53

Aripiprazole especially for prolactin elevation

Answer 54

Preoccupied by a delusion that they are being persecuted, conspired against or potentially harmed.

Answer 55

Mesolimbic pathway Mesocortical pathway Nigrostriatal Tuberoinfundibular

Answer 56

act on a variety of receptors (D2, D3, D4, 5-HT) Can also block serotonin 5 HT2 receptors as well as dopamine receptors

Answer 57

Psychosis (hallucinations, delusions, lack of insight) → ≥1 positive symptoms for >1 month and generally lasting >6 months.

Answer 58

Catatonia (Catatonic schizophrenia) If one were to move the arm of someone with waxy flexibility, the patient would keep that arm where it had been positioned until moved again as if positioning malleable wax

Psychosis - Schizophrenia Flashcards

(84 cards)