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Psychotherapy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the basic principle of psychotherapy?

A

Systematic use of relationships (pt to therapist, pt to pt, pt to relatives/friends) to produce changes in feelings, cognition, and behaviour.

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2
Q

What are the three types of psychotherapies?

A

Type A
Type B
Type C

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3
Q

What are Type A therapies?

A

Psychological treatments as an integral part of MH care, in a wider healthcare setting eg GP, CPN

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4
Q

What are Type B therapies?

A

Eclectic psychological therapies.

Pick and chose from all schools of thought to fit the pt

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5
Q

What are Type C therapies?

A

Formal psychotherapies

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6
Q

What type c specialist therapies are there?

A 
CBT
Psychodynamic therapies
Systematic therapy
Family therapy
Group therapy
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7
Q

What is the concept of psychoanalysis?

A

If you let a patient talk uninterupted, evidence will eventually come to the surface for what the problem is that a patient has.

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8
Q

What is the id?

A

The aprt of the mind containing basic urges and primitive drives

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9
Q

What is the ego?

A

The rational part of a personality

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10
Q

What is a super-ego?

A

The part of the mind that works on the principle of morality

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11
Q

What is repression?

A

A defense mechanism of the mind - preventing disturbing thoughts from becoming conscious

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12
Q

What is denial?

A

A defense mechanism of the mind - refusal to accept reality or fact, acting as if a painful event, thought or feeling did not exist. Characteristic of childhood.

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13
Q

What is projection?

A

A defense mechanism of the mind - attribute unacceptable thoughts etc to another person.

i.e. You think someone hates you because of how they look at you, but they look at you that way because you disliked them before and didn’t hide it. Their “hate” is as a direct result of your “hate”

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14
Q

What is displacement?

A

A defense mechanism of the mind where pts satisfy impulses with substitute objects. Often anger is displaced.

e.g. harming a pet/damaging an object instead of harming a human who you feel aggressive towards

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15
Q

What is regression?

A

A defense mechanism of the mind where the pt goes back to an earlier state of development e.g. childhood

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16
Q

What is sublimation?

A

A defense mechanism of the mind where the pt satifies impulses by doing socially acceptable things eg sport

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17
Q

What is the theory of attachment?

A

The first relationship provides the infant with an attachment template, which is carried forward into life and relationships in future

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18
Q

What is transference?

A

unconscious transfer of feelings and attitudes from pt to therapist

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19
Q

What is counter-transference?

A

The feelings the therapist has in relation to the pt - important to analyse this to help understand the pt

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20
Q

What conditions do behavioural therapies work best on?

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A

Anxiety disorders, OCD, eating disorders, depression, sexual dysfunction

21
Q

What is the basic principle of behavioural therapy?

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A

Gradual but prolonged exposure to a stimulus causes distress levels inresponse to stimulus to decrease over time

22
Q

What are the 2 main problems with behavioural therapies?

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A
  • Pts have to volunteer and engage.

- There needs to be a stimulus that the pt responds to identified

23
Q

What is a good way for the pt to trust the therapist and get engaged in the therapy?

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A

If the therapist does the thing to i.e. not making the patient do anything they wouldn’t do, normalises it

24
Q

What is another big part of behavioural therapies?

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A

Challenging/testing beliefs

25
What are the 3 cognitive aspects to depression?
1. Negative views about the world 2. Negative views about self 3. Negative views about the future
26
What is the cycle of behaviour in depression?
Depression -> decreased total activity -> loss of activites that make you happy ->rumination -> feel worse -> increased depression
27
What is the focus of systemic and family therapy?
Relationships, interactions, and meaning of both.
28
Who is systemic and family therapy used for most?
Children
29
Who else can systemic/family therapy be benefitial for? Why?
Schizophrenic pts as they can often relapse if they go back into a highly emotionally charged family environment
30
Name the characteristics of psychotherapies
1. Intense and confiding pt-therapist relationship 2. Explain pts distress and management 3. Inform pt about their condition 4. Give the pt hope 5. Facilitate emotional arousal 6. Experience success to encourage pt
31
In panic disorders, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT
32
In agoraphobia, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT with graded exposure therapy
33
In generalised anxiety disorder, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT
34
In social anxiety disorder, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT with exposure
35
In specific phobias, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT is firstline with graded exposure therapy
36
In OCD, what psychotherapy is used?
Graded exposure and response prevention therapy, and CBT
37
In PTSD, what psychotherapy is used?
Trauma focused CBT | Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
38
In adjustment disorders, what psychotherapy is used?
Supportive psychotherapy to enhance capacity to cope with stressor
39
In schizophrenia, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT can be offered alongside a course of oral antipsychotics Family therapy if relevant
40
In anorexia nervosa, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT and interpersonal psychotherapy Dialectical behavioural therapy Family therapy may also help
41
In bulimia nervosa, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT and interpersonal psychotherapy
42
In ADHD, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT and family therapy may be helpful
43
In childhood conduct disorders, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT to develop problem solving skills Family therapy may help children and parents understand each other better Systemic therapy also useful i.e. involving school and community workers
44
In personality disorders, what psychotherapy is used?
Therapeutic communities CBT Cognitive analytic therapy Interpersonal therapy Dialectical behavioural therapy
45
What is a therapeutic community?
Group led therapy to help people integrate better
46
In mild/subclinical depression, what psychotherapy is used?
CBT and/or group CBT | Group activity programmes
47
Can psychotherapy be used in treatment of drug addiction?
Yes - keeps them engaged, but shouldnt be for long periods of time (keep it brief). Motivational interviewing often helpful
48
In moderate/severe depression, what psychotherapy is used?
Interpersonal therapy Behavioural activation Behavioural couples therapy

Mental Health (17 decks)

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