PT Basic Terms

Question 1

Examination

Answer 1

Process of obtaining a history, performing relevant systems reviews, and selecting and administering specific tests and measures

Question 2

Evaluation

Answer 2

A dynamic process in which the PT makes clinical judgements based on data gathered during the examination

Question 3

Assessment

Answer 3

A process by which data are gathered, hypotheses are formulated, and decisions are made for further action.

Question 4

Patient history

Answer 4

Complete medical history of the patients chief complaints, present illness, past history, allergies, current medications, lifestyle and habits, social history, vocational and economic history, and family history.

Question 5

Visual analog pain scale

Answer 5

Line with verbal or pictorial anchors to indicate continuum from no pain to the worst pain. Patient marks line an mark is measured to determine pain level.

Question 6

Numerical rating scale

Answer 6

0-10 scale

Question 7

“the art of gymnastics” 500BC

Answer 7

Herodicus

Question 8

Saw the value of ther-ex to combat effects of inactivity and used electrical stim (fish) 400BC “father of medicine”

Answer 8

Hippocrates

Question 9

Described benefits of exercise, musculoskeletal injuries, and kinetics and physiology of human movements 2nd century AD

Answer 9

Galen

Question 10

First physical therapists

Answer 10

Marguerite Sanderson and Mary McMillan

Question 11

Polio outbreak of 1916 and world war I 1917 led to

Answer 11

A division of special hospitals and physical reconstruction. Also had legislation to provide “reconstruction therapy” to all disabled vets returning from war

Question 12

AWPTA >American Physiotherapy Association

Answer 12

Name change occurring to include men

Question 13

1967 what association got started ?

Answer 13

APTA started in this year

Question 14

A technically educated health care provider who assists the physical therapist in the provision of physical therapy

Answer 14

PTA definition

Question 15

General supervision

Answer 15

To be available offsite through telecommunications

Question 16

Direct supervision

Answer 16

Being on site; physically present at all times

Question 17

In Arizona, how many support staff may a PT supervise?

Answer 17

3 and one must be a PTA

Question 18

In Arizona, how many hours must one have in order to be supervised with general supervision?

Answer 18

2000 hours under direct supervision

Question 19

PTPP

Answer 19

physical therapist in private practice (clinic)

Question 20

PT must be physically present at all times that a PTA is performing services

Answer 20

Medicare rule about supervision

Question 21

Things a PTA cannot do

Answer 21

perform evaluations, develop or change the plan of care, write a discharge summary, perform joint mobilizations/manipulations, perform sharps debridement

Question 22

Five elements of patient management

Answer 22

examination, evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, intervention

Question 23

Indications

Answer 23

Tells you to do a treatment. see swelling, do RICE

Question 24

Contraindications

Answer 24

Tells you not to do something. Pacemaker, then do not stim

Question 25

Intradisiplinary

Answer 25

team made up of the same discipline

Question 26

Multidisciplinary

Answer 26

multiple disciplines working independently (home health, or outpatient)

Question 27

Interdisciplinary

Answer 27

multiple disciplines working together to set goals;evaluations/interventions done independently (rehab, or skilled nursing facility)

Question 28

Physical Therapist Assistant Duties

Answer 28

``` Perform data collection and interventions similar to PT ( with some exceptions ) Therapeutic exercises therapeutic massage therapeutic modalities patient/caregiver education ```

Question 29

Occupational Therapy

Answer 29

* help patients improve in ADL's * make orthoses (splints) * educate on adaptive equipment * functional, cognitive or perceptual disabilities * adaption for physically challenged patient * executive functions (decision making,judgement)

Question 30

Speech Language Pathologist (SLP)

Answer 30

* assess, diagnose, treat and help prevent speech, language, cognitive, communication, voice, swallowing, fluency, and other related disorders * augmentative or alternative communication methods

Question 31

Orthotist and Prosthetist

Answer 31

* bachelors degree plus one year residency | * makes braces and devices for limbs and spine

Question 32

Osteopathic Doctor (DO)

Answer 32

Doctor that emphasizes musculoskeletal system, preventive medicine, holistic care

Question 33

Registered Nurses ( MSN, BSN, ADN, Diplopa)

Answer 33

promote health, prevent disease, help patients cope with illness observe, assess and record symptoms, reactions and progress, assist physicians in surgeries, treatments, and exams, administer med's, perform invasive procedures and assist in rehab nurse practicioners diagnose and treat illnesses, prescribe med's supervise LPN's (unlicensed ) CNA's (certified nurse assistant)

Question 34

Therapeutic exercise

Answer 34

interventions to increase overall function of the individual

Question 35

Home exercise program (HEP)

Answer 35

prescribed exercises for patient to perform at home safely without pain, PT/PTA name and clinic number should be on the HEP

Question 36

Exercise parameters

Answer 36

Frequency, duration, repetitions, sets, intensity, mode

Question 37

ROM exercises

Answer 37

Moving a joint through the available motion

Question 38

PROM

Answer 38

passive ROM has no muscle contraction by the patient

Question 39

AROM

Answer 39

active ROM has movement performed by the patient

Question 40

AAROM

Answer 40

Active assisted ROM has patient move with assistance

Question 41

Isometric

Answer 41

tension in the muscle without joint motion, muscle setting and avoid valsalva maneuver

Question 42

Isotonic

Answer 42

tension in the muscle with muscle shortening OR lengthening

Question 43

Concentric

Answer 43

shortening isotonic contraction

Question 44

Eccentric

Answer 44

lengthening isotonic contraction

Question 45

Isokinetic

Answer 45

muscle shortenting or lengthening at constant velocity

Question 46

Open kinetic chain

Answer 46

distal end free to move

Question 47

Closed kinetic chain

Answer 47

distal end fixed

Question 48

Difference between stretching and ROM

Answer 48

stretching is further than ROM, and ROM is within normal ranges

Question 49

Contraindications for physical agents and modalities

Answer 49

pregnancy, very young or very old, malignancies, impaired sensation, decreased cognition, and pace maker

Question 50

Manual therapy techniques

Answer 50

effleurage, petrissage, friction, tapotement, vibration, mobilization, manipulation

Question 51

Effleurage

Answer 51

long slow strokes towards heart

Question 52

Petrissage

Answer 52

kneeding

Question 53

Friction

Answer 53

scar tissue break up, no cream

Question 54

Tapotement

Answer 54

tapping - loosen up secretions to cough up

Question 55

mobilzation

Answer 55

slow movements

Question 56

manipulation

Answer 56

firm mobilizations/ thrusts

Question 57

NWB

Answer 57

non weight bearing

Question 58

TTWB

Answer 58

toe touch weight bearing

Question 59

PWB

Answer 59

partial weight bearing

Question 60

WBAT

Answer 60

weight bearing as tolerated

Question 61

FWB

Answer 61

full weight bearing

Question 62

Orthosis

Answer 62

external device applied to support or stabilize, increase function, correct or prevent progression of deformities, or reduce pressure and pain

Question 63

Prosthesis

Answer 63

substitute for a missing body part, could also be for ears/limbs

Question 64

Basic ADLs

Answer 64

Dressing, transfer activities. Walking , bed activities

Question 65

IADLs

Answer 65

Meal prep, light housework, shopping, driving car