Flashcards in PUL- highlights- LF Deck (59)
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1
angle of louis
manubriosternal angel
2
mediastinum contains
esophagus, trachea, heart and great vessels. space between the lungs
3
apex of the lungs=
highest point of the lungs
4
how far do the lungs go above the clavicle
2-4cm above the inner third of the clavical
5
how high posteriorly do the lungs go.
posteriorly at around C7
6
what do we call the lower borders of the lungs
bases
7
anteriorly where do the lungs end
6th rib mid clavicular line
8
posteriorly where do the lungs end
T10
9
vertical axis
such as 2nd intercostal space
so this is the top to bottom axis
10
circumference of the chest
such as midclavicular midaxillary
11
pleural cavity
slight potential space filled with surfactant
12
pleural fluid
lubricates the pleural surfaces and allows for lung expansion
13
what is pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura- related to infectious process
14
what can pleurisy develop into
pleural effusion may develop- percussive dullness, decreased fremits, ego phony, and decreased breath sounds.
15
what will a chest X-ray show for pleuristy
WNL- infiltrate or pleural effusion.
16
acinus
bronchioles, alveolar ducts and sacs and alveoli responsble for respirations
17
Costodiaphragmatic recess
potential space in the pleural cavity below the level of the lungs- when filled can compromise lung expansion
18
postnatal exposure to tobacco increases their rate of
om, URI, asthma in children
19
after age 50 what happens to the lungs
respiratory muscle strength decline.
elastic properties within lungs become more rigid.
increased risk of postoperative atelectasis.
20
there are two membranes around the lungs=
visceral pleura
parietal pleura
21
this membrane covers the outer surface of each lung
visceral pleura
22
this membrane also covers the inner rib cage and upper surface of the diaphragm
parietal pleura
23
if it takes a lot of pressure to bag your patient- so it is difficult to open up their airways - what damage could you cause and how do you prevent it
you can cause a pneumo- slowly work at opening your patient up.
24
ask the patient about their cough- what type of questions
ask whether the cough is dry or produces sputum or phlegm - what color is it?
does it wake them up in the night.
do they take ace inhibitors
have you been diagnosed with GERD
25
dyspnea- an uncomfortable awareness of breathing - what do you need to do
ask if they have trouble breathing.
determine the severity of the dyspnea
26
do you feel pain from the lung tissue?
no it has no pain fibers
27
so when people complain of chest pain (from lungs) what is actually causing their pain
inflammation of the adjacent parietal pleura
other surrounding structures may also irritate the parietal pleura-causing pain
28
mallory weiss tear
hard to find unless they are actually bleeding- but causes hemotypsis
29
if the patient is obese- how do we know what is normal or not
look for symmetry
if they are asymmetric- something is wrong
30