pulmonary cavities Flashcards
(21 cards)
what does pneumothorax mean?
presence of air in pleural cavity, leading to a collapsed lung
types of pneumothorax?
Spontaneous (ruptured visceral pleura)
Traumatic (ruptured parietal pleura)
what makes up the thorax? (general overview)
-superior thoracic aperture
-respiratory diaphragm
-inferior thoracic aperture
-pulmonary cavities
-Mediastinum
-sternal angle
what’s the mediastinum
central compartment, contains thoracic viscera
what’s the sternal angle
manubriosternal joint made up of manubrium and body of sternum
boundaries of the mediastinum
thoracic vertebrae posteriorly, sternum and costal cartilage anteriorly, superior thoracic aperture superiorly, diaphragm inferiorly
components of the superior mediastinum
great vessels, esophagus and trachea
what makes up the middle mediastinum
heart, pericardium, roots of great vessels
what are the components of the posterior mediastinum
thoracic aorta, esophagus, azygos and hemi-azygos vein`
lung lobes
apex and base
right lung - 3 lobes, 2 fissures (oblique and horizontal)
left lung - 2 lobes, 1 fissure (oblique)
cardiac notch
in left lung - accommodates heart apex
lingula
left lung - thin process extending below cardiac notch
hilum
doorway for structures forming the root of the lung
where does the trachea bifurcate
at sternal angle
pleural sac
2 layers (continuous)
parietal and visceral pleura
parietal- most external
visceral- most internal
pleural cavity- space between layers
parietal pleura
cervical, costal, diaphragmatic and mediastinal
costal surfaces
lateral aspect of the lungs
apex of the lungs
superior to Rib 1
grooves of the right lung
esophagus, arch of and azygos vein, superior vena cava
grooves of the left lung
arch of aorta, descending aorta
costodiaphragmatic recess
where costal and diaphragmatic pleura meet
inhalation- expands
exhalation- contracts
