Flashcards in Pulmonary Histology Week 1 Deck (129)
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1
German physician _________ first describes and named the ________ and was published in lung diseases and angina pectoris
Hans Kohn, Pore of Kohn
2
The respiratory stem is a combination of _______, _________, _______, and _______
cartilage, elastic fibers, collagen fibers, smooth muscle fibers
3
The concentration of ______ in the respiratory system is inversely proportional to the _____
elastic fiber, diameter
4
Elastic fibers found in lamina propria of the respiratory system run _______
longitudinally
5
The _____ of the respiratory system is mostly circular
smooth muscle
6
The _________ of the respiratory system provides conduit to transfer air
conducting portion
7
How does the conducting portion condition the air?
cleans, moistens, and warms air
8
What are the six cell types in the generic respiratory epithelium?
1) ciliated columnar cells, columnar cells, 2) mucous goblet cells, 3) brush cells, 4) diffuse endocrine or small granule cells, 5) basal cells or immature cells
9
The ______ produce serous secretion
columnar cells
10
The ______ have no cilia yet many microvilli. There are two kinds.
Brush cells
11
Describe the two types of brush cells.
One kind acts like goblet cells releasing mucinogen. Other kind has nerve ending on basal surface.
12
Name the two proposed functions of the nerve endings on the basal surface of some brush cells
sensory receptor for gas volume and o2/co2 conentration; intraepithelial receptor for trigeminal N/sneeze reflex
13
The mucous goblet cells continue until the _________. Describe the two functions.
terminal bronchiole. 1) synthesize mucinogen which when hydrated turns into mucous; 2) trap and remove bacteria/particles; 3)
14
The _________ are the most common types of cells and continue until the respiratory portion.
Ciliated columnar cells
15
In what direction do the cilia of ciliated columnar cells beat?
towards the mouth
16
The ________ are thought to control mucous and seromucous secretion and possibly vessel diameter
Diffuse endocrine or small granule cells
17
The __________ rest on the basement membrane and do not reach lumen and are therefore "psuedostratified." They appear to be stem cells.
Basal cells or immature cells
18
_________ is the abnormal transformation of a tissue to a form which is not normal in response to a disease process, a physical or chemical event
Metaplasia
19
Describe metaplasia in smoker's lungs
Increase in goblet cells in resp epithelium due to pollutants and decrease in cilia due to carbon monoxide
20
In the nasal cavity, the air is filtered, warmed and humidified by the ______
nasal mucosa
21
The ______ is the anterior portion of the nasal cavity
vestibule
22
The nasal fossa contains _____, ______, and _____ conchae AKA _____
inferior, middle, and superior; turbinates
23
The nasal cavity also contains vibrissae and ______ and ______ mucosa
olfactory, respiratory
24
In the lamina propria of the nasal cavity, ______ release IgA and IgE. Describe the action of IgE.
plasma cells. IgE binds to receptors on mast cells and basophils --> inflammatory mediators released
25
Drainage from maxillary sinus infections can be seen below the _________
middle concha
26
Why is the nasal cavity a great site for drug delivery?
There is convenient access to a superficial venous plexus beneath the nasal cavity mucosa
27
_______ are venous plexi located in the lamina propria that enlarge alternately on two sides of nasal cavity.
Swell bodies
28
How often do swell bodies enlarge and why?
about every 30 minutes. The mucosa on occluded side has time to recover from desiccation and help to direct air to olfactory epithelium.
29
The olfactory epithelium is located on the roof of the _______ and on the superior ______
nasal cavity, superior nasal conchae
30
