Pulmonology Flashcards by Casey Croes

Exudative pleural effusion makes you think of what dx?

TB, lung cancer

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Transudative pleural effusion makes you think what dx?

CHF

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Paradoxical pulses are ____ & found in what disorder?

Large decrease in systolic BP during inspiration

Found in asthma

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Most common patient complaint w/ emphysema

SOB

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Age to begin vaccinations for pneumococcal pneumonia

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Prolonged expiration (low FEV1) suggests what dx

Asthma or COPD

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Hampton’s hump on CXR=

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Pt s spleen is more susceptible to what kinds of organisms?

Encapsulated organisms, most commonly strep pneumoniae and H. Flu

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Most common cause of pneumonia in children lass than 1

RSV

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Tx for pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

Bactrim

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Occupations assoc c berylliosis

Aerospace & nuclear plant workers

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CXR finding assoc c berylliosis

Diffuse infiltrates c hilar adenopathy

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Gold standard for dx of pleural effusion

Thoracocentesis

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To decompress a tension pneumothorax, where do you put the needle?

2nd intercostal space at midclavicular line

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Oseltamivir (tamiflu) may be given to children above what age?

1 yr

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Zanamivir (Relenza) may be given to children above what age?

7 yrs

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HIV pt with ground glass appearance on CXR makes you think what dx

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP, used to be CP)

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Noncaseating granuloma should make you think of what dx

Sarcoidosis

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Pearl formation on CXR should make you think of what dx

Squamous cell lung cancer

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Ghon or Ranke complexes on CXR should make you think of what dx

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A westermark sign on CXR should make you think of what dx

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Mesothelioma is most commonly found in what location

Pleural lining

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What CXR finding would make you think of mesothelioma

Pleural thickening–b/c most are found in pleural lining

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Hyperinflation on CXR & eosinophilia on CBC should make you think of what dx

Asthma

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Organism that is most common cause of pneumonia in a patient with cystic fibrosis

Pseudomonas

College student presents with pneumonia. What 2 organisms should you be thinking of?

Chlamydia & mycoplasma

You suspect pneumothorax. What instructions go along c order for CXR?

End expiratory view IOT look for visceral pleural air

3 most commonly used txs for COPD

Oxygen Ipratropium Albuterol

4 meds which may cause asthma

Beta blockers NSAIDS ACEI ASA

Nodular opacities in upper lung fields makes you think of what dx

Silicosis

Initial tx for active TB

``` INH RIF PZA EMB for several months followed by INF RIF Once sensitivities come back ```

Caseating granulomas should make you think of what dx

Blue bloater refers to

Chronic bronchitis

Contralateral mediastinal shift should make you think of what dx

Tension pneumothorax

Best test to dx bronchiectasis

Main side effects of isoniazid INH

Hepatitis and peripheral neuropathy

Ethambutol has 2 major side effects

Optic neuritis | Red green vision loss

Question that has anything to do with rats and pt has pneumonia, should be thinking of

yersinia pestis

Most common organism causing pneumonia in COPD pts

Haemophilus influenze

Where is a pancoast tumor found on CXR

At the apex of either the right or the left lung

Will evidence of TB be found in the upper or lower lobes on CXR

Upper

A pt has pneumonia with rust colored sputum. What is the organism?

Strep pneumoniae

Coal miners lung often show nodular opacities in what lung fields

Upper lung fields

When you step up the dx from intermittent asthma to mild persistent asthma, what medication should you add?

An inhaled steroid like fluticasone

Any question about rabbits and pneumonia should make you think

tularemia

Dullness to percussion should make you think of what dx

Lobar pneumonia

A young child presents to ED and you see him sitting in tripod position. What is the most likely dx?

Epiglottitis

6 extra pulmonary complications of lung cancer

``` SPHERE SVC syndrome Pancoast tumor Horner's syndrome Endocrine problems Recurrent laryngeal symptoms Effusions (exudative) ```

Currant jelly sputum should make you think of what dx

Klebsiella pneumoniae

What happens to total lung capacity in sarcoidosis?

It goes down.

What will the likely findings be on a CXR of a pt c asbestosis?

Linear opacities at the bases with pleural plaques

Tympany to percussion should make you think of what dx

Large pneumothorax

3 most common cancers to metastasize to the lungs

Breast, liver, colon

Barrel chest = what dx

Emphysema

Are the lungs noisy or quiet in COPD

Quiet

4 indications for flu vaccine

Child 6-59 months Pregnant female Healthcare worker age greater than 50

Posttussive rales should make you think of what dx

Bullae & blebs on CXR should make you think of what dx

Emphysema

Rhochi or wheezes that clear after coughing suggest what dx

Bronchitis or atelectasis

Does FEV1 go up or down with asthma?

It goes down

A very sick pt with diffuse infiltrates that spare the costophrenic angles should make you think of what dx

ARDS

Most common cause of bronchiectasis

Cystic fibrosis

Gold standard for dx of cystic fibrosis

Sweat chloride test

Exudative pleural effusion should make you think of what dx

TB, lung cancer

First line abx for epiglottis

3rd gen ceph | Ceftriaxone

Transudative pleural effusions should make you think of what dx

CHF

What 2 lung cancers are typically found centrally on CXR

Small cell and squamous

Pertussis is most commonly treated with what abx

Erythromycin

4 most common places lung cancer will metastasize to

Bone Brain Adrenals Liver

If you come across a question where pt has erythema nodosum and an enlarged parotid gland, what is the most likely dx

Sarcoidosis

A thin looking heart and flattened diaphragm on CXR should make you think of what dx

Emphysema

An alcoholic who has been dx'ed w/ pneumonia most likely has what organism

Klebsiella pneumonia

Honeycombing and tram tracks on the CXR should make you think of what dx

Bronchiectasis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Paradoxical pulses may be found in what pulmonary disorder

Asthma

An older pt presents with pneumonia and diarrhea. What is the most likely dx?

Legionella pneumonia

Eggshell opacities on CXR should make you think of what dx

Silicosis

3 causes of decreased tactile fremitus

COPD Asthma Pleural effusion Pneumothorax

Hyper resonance to percussion should make you think of what dx

Emphysema Pneumothorax Asthma

If you hear crackles in the lung fields list 3 differentials

Pneumonia Fibrosis CHF Bronchitis

Does total lung capacity go up or down in COPD

It goes up

List 3 differentials if you hear wheezes on exam

Asthma COPD Bronchitis

What is it called when a pt says "we" but on auscultation you here "ay"?

Egophony

PE finding of egophony should make you think of what dx

Lobar pneumonia

CXR shows vascular redistribution and blurred vascular outlines. What is the most likely dx

CHF

Pulmonology Flashcards

(84 cards)