Q1 - CESC Flashcards
1
Q
Derived from the Latin word communis which means “common” or “shared”
A
community
2
Q
Community derived from the Latin word ____ which means “common” or “shared”
A
communis
3
Q
TWO TYPES OF COMMUNITY
A
Geographical Community
Non-Geographical Community
4
Q
It is a community where members share
the same geographical vicinity such as a village, province or neighborhood
A
Geographical community
5
Q
It is a community formed based on needs, ideas, interests, identity, practices, and roles in social institutions such as at home, all work, in government, society, or the community at large
A
Non-Geographical community
6
Q
They are imperative in building community.
imperative means importance
A
Communication and relationships
7
Q
Communities in two levels
A
Micro-level community
Macro-level
8
Q
A community group is formed based on personal ties. This may include groups formed for pursuing common interests or goals like forming a small organization to hold a fund-raising activity such as concerts.
A
Micro-level community
9
Q
Large group affiliation is formed such as national communities, international communities, and virtual communities.
A
Macro-level
10
Q
Importance of studying community: (5)
A
- It motivates people to work together
- It encourages social, religious, or traditional obligations for mutual help
- People see a genuine opportunity to better their own lives and for the community.
- It understands policies promoting community participation that values social capital.
- Community participation could be understood as the direct involvement of citizenry in the affairs of planning, governance, and overall development programs at local or grassroot levels.
11
Q
The changes in the community brought about by social, cultural and environmental experiences whether it is positive or negative development that impacts within the community.
A
Community Dynamics
12
Q
It is any activity that aims to increase the understanding, engagement and empowerment of communities for the intention of giving services to people.
A
Community Action
13
Q
There are 3-key points in grasping the definition more meaningful:
A
UNDERSTANDING
ENGAGEMENT
EMPOWERMENT
14
Q
Raise an awareness about certain communal issues that needs to be addressed. People develop the feeling of
involvement once they truly comprehend the situation
within. They come together to support advocacies that will
overcome community needs and difficulties.
A
UNDERSTANDING
15
Q
Once issues are assessed properly and people in the community understand the needs, they work collaboratively to act on it. The
main goal of engaging in the community is to improve the
partnership and 10 coalitions among the community. It is
important that engagement occurs so that members will be able
to involve meaningfully in the activities that they have created
A
ENGAGEMENT
16
Q
Enable the people to independently decide, plan-out and take action to control the situation they have in the community. This means, initiative and decisions come from internal group organized for the benefit of everyone. It is also necessary that the community can provide significant networks and linkages that will genuinely serve the advocacies that they have built.
A
EMPOWERMENT
17
Q
An umbrella term for various fields of study
which examines social relations and human society.
A
Social Science
18
Q
It describes “community as a group of people in a particular area
interacting together.
A
Social Science
19
Q
The following are disciplines in social sciences that related to
the idea of community:
5 items
A
- Anthropology
- Economics
- Political science
- Pschology
- Sociology
20
Q
This field examines the various aspects of humans,
such as their biology, behavior, culture and social interactions.
A
Anthropology
21
Q
This field studies the production, allocation and
consumption of goods and services.
A
Economics
22
Q
The field encompasses the various ways and
means of allocating power, influence, decision-making. This
includes types of governments and management systems, and
how people in small bands or informal groups make decisions
when they do not have recognized leaders.
A
Political science
23
Q
This discipline studies the human mind, brain, and
social behavior. This extends to interaction between people and
interpersonal relationships.
A
Psychology
24
Q
This field is the study of society, social order, social interactions,
and culture. It introduces the concepts of social capital and
communitarianism.
A
Sociology
25
It is defined as the **networks of relationship among people who
live and work in a particular society** for the effective functioning of the
community.
Social capital
26
Explains the **connection between the individual and the
community**. Every person has a special role in one’s society, and it’s part of
human nature to relate with other people in various conditions or
situations.
Communitarianism
27
Stresses the idea of forming a group, foundation or an
**organization in service to society**. This perspective views society
as a community of citizens linked by common interests and
collective activity. Examples include people’s organization, civic
organization, and social movements.
Civil Society Perspective
28
This perspective highlights **volunteerism**. Members of
communities may involve themselves in various programs or
activities. The community uses self-organization and encourages
the local citizens to contribute to the community by taking
responsibilities and actions.
Local and Grassroots Perspective
29
Views the community in
three different dimensions.
Institutional Perspective
30
It is an **existing
establishment** or physical
space where members of
the community go for a
certain purpose.
First Dimension
31
It is the institutional community
as a **social model**. This is defined
by networks and institutions
where **community group are
formed in certain areas such as
schools**, churches or companies.
Second dimension
32
Community is composed of
the **ways people act,
interact with each other,**
react, and expect each
other to act and interact.
Third dimension
33
They are **important figures** that will
**guide the members** to carry out the
plans in pursuit of the group’s
objectives.
Leaders
34
They are **appointed based
on qualifications**, attitude
and most often, through the
**votes of the residents.**
Ex. National and local:
President, Vice, Mayor,
congressman and
governors.
Formal Power Structure
35
There are also people who are
**appointed because of their ability to
lead,** direct or
achieve **without an official leadership
title.**
Examples are managers, supervisors,
philanthropists, businessmen,
producers and even employees who
lead their group as likable and
charismatic leaders.
Informal Power Structure
36
Are individuals or bodies whose
**authority is based on formal rules and
institutions**. They are appointed
because of their intelligence,
reputations, **decision-making,**
dictation from laws and policies and
connections.
Example: appointments made by the
president of the country through
his/her Powers of Appointment as
stated in the constitution
LEGAL
AUTHORITATIVE
DECISIONMAKERS
37
Community leaders are with
**direct relation with you** through **familial relations**,
affinities or feeling of kinship, and social network,...
Interrelationship
38
They could be **part of an institution
or an association,** that has a particular purpose in
our community.
Organization
39
Awareness of the ____
is necessary in aiding the residents to reflect on ways
to be positively involved in its improvement.
Being aware of the structure of the community and
exploring its aspects will help you understand the
necessary measures that should be undertaken to
serve as an active member of a community and as
future leaders of the community.
**essential aspects of the community**
40
Structure of **government**
local politics
41
Decision-making **power and control**
local politics
42
**Major issues** currently in debate
local politics
43
(total number of people)
* Population size (demographics)
44
(ratio of people to the space
they inhabit)
Population density (demographics)
45
(the extent to which community
members have **diverse characteristics**)
Heterogeneity (demographics)
46
ethnic groups
demographics
47
* Names given to various parts of the community
demographics
48
* Areas known for having their **own characteristics**
(ex: industrial area, blue collar
families)
demographics
49
Isolation from or closeness to other
communities
demographics
50
* History of the area
demographics
51
Changes and development of the area
demographics
52
the community’s physical **environment**
geography and environmental influence
53
the **community’s location** and proximity to
highways, bodies of water or mountains
geography and environmental influence
54
existence of recreational areas **concerns
regarding environment hazards** such as
pollution, power shortages, among others
geography and environmental influence
55
cultural values, traditions and **beliefs** of various
segments of the population
beliefs and attitudes
56
**spiritual and political values** of the residents
beliefs and attitudes
57
available social agencies and the help they
can extend
beliefs and attitudes
58
**perceptions of residents** as part of the
community.
beliefs and attitudes
59
* **businesses**, factories and other sources of
employment that characterize the community
local economy and business
60
**nature of business** (owned by local residents or
government)
local economy and business
61
**public assistance benefits** available to residents
income distribution
62
median **income level** of residents
income distribution
63
* **income levels** and corresponding percentage of
population.
income distribution
64
* housing conditions
housing
65
population density
| not under demographics
housing
66
types of housing
housing
67
ownership and status of **houses** (rental, real
estate, etc.)
housing
68
education system
Educational
facilities and
programs
69
extent of community support
| aspects of community
Educational
facilities and
programs
70
existence of public and private **schools**
Educational
facilities and
programs
71
adherence to intended curriculum of the
**Department of Education**
Educational
facilities and
programs
72
adequate numbers of **health** professionals and
specialists
. Health and
Welfare Systems
73
social service programs
Health and
Welfare Systems
74
respect of service providers to the **needs and
values of minority populations**
health and welfare systems
75
availability of fire and police protection
| aspects of community
health and welfare systems
76
safety of the environment
health and welfare systems
77
* the residents’ view on **public safety and justice
system.**
health and welfare systems
78
presence of TV and radio stations and
newspapers which provide the people
**information and perspectives on current events**
Sources of
information and
public opinion
79
community organizations’ capacity to **update**
residents on important **information**
Sources of
information and
public opinion
80
the capacity of the **sources of information** to
enhance the residents’ skills to promote
positive change
. Sources of
information and
public opinion
81
* the presence of community leaders who speak
for various marginalized subgroups
Sources of
information and
public opinion
82
overall **assessment** of community’s functioning
Summary
Assessment of
Community
Issues
83
dealing with **social problems** (youth gangs,
poverty, abuse)
. Summary
Assessment of
Community
Issues
84
**gaps in** social, health care, and other
**community and educational services**
Summary
Assessment of
Community
Issues
85
A ____ is an important figure in the
community.
leader
86
Leaders must possess
important characteristics such as: (4)
1. effective communication
2. develeopment of social capital building
3. community engagement
4. collaboration
87
an **open communication** is highly
recommended for leaders and their constituents. There should be free access
to important information concerning social issues and public matters.
effective communication
88
developing a **resilient
capital** is among the most important contributors to successful
community leadership
Development of Social Capital Building-
89
it is important to **encourage young
leaders to participate** so that they are ready to
take over when the time comes.
Community Engagement-
90
leaders should learn to “**build bridges**” and
**develop networks among community leaders **within the diverse
fields.
Collaboration-
91
is the capacity
of the **community to exercise
control** over activities and seek
ways to employ available resources
to establish a stronger and
successful community
Community Power
92
A classification according to **general type**. In this module, this refers to the **types of communities**
Typology
93
**Institutionally stuctured hierarchies**, which define the relationship between authoritative and subordinate groups
formal
94
Seen to typically** operate through socio-cultural mechanisms** within the community structures
informal
95
**industrialised and commercial centers** where population density is relatively high compared to rural communities
urban
96
pastoral, agricultural, and located along the periphery of urban centers or in the **countryside**
rural
97
integration and **interaction between individuals** and groups **away from each other** in time or space or both
global
98
a group of people **sharing the same environment** and conditions such as intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs, and risks
local
99
Types of typology communities (6)
1. formal
2. informal
3. global
4. local
5. rural
6. urban
100
The group is created as per o**fficial
authority, fulfill certain goals** or
objectives
formal
101
The group possesses a **systematic
hierarchical structure**
formal
102
The **position** of the member **defines
his/her importance** in the group
formal
103
There is a **personal relationship**
among members
informal
104
The **flow of communication** stretches
in **all direction**
informal
105
Example: A group of jogging
enthusiasts who meet once a week
at the city park.
informal
106
There is **professional relationship**
among members
formal
107
**Flow of communication** is **restricted**
due to the **chain of command**
formal
108
people have
**assigned positions** based their
functions.
Business Firm
-(Formal)
109
The group is **formed according to the
likes,** interests, and attitudes of the
members
informal
110
The group has a **loose structure**, and the
members join to satisfy their social
needs
informal
111
**Every member is important** as any other
member
informal
112
a **phyiscal or virtual space** which members of the community visit or where they stay
social space
113
example: social centre, online social media, or gathering spaces where peopole gather or interact
social space
114
types of social spaces (2)
1. owned by the government
2. private social spaces
115
these are spaces genereally open and **accesible to people**
owned by the government
116
examples: such as town squares, parks, and beaches
owned by the government
117
are **owned and regulated regularly**, such as shopping malls
private social spaces
118
these social spaces **may be used by community residnets **for their gatherings or simple recreation activities
private social spaces
119
general characterisations of rural areas: (3)
1. few people
2. distant
3. livelihood
120
**population density** is found to be **low**, meaning few people populate the entire community, and they tend to live far apart from each other
few people
121
the area situated **geographically distant** from large urban areas
distant
122
each area typically specialises in a particular **form of livelihood**, such as farming
livelihood
123
characteristics of urban areas(7)
1. **various industries and business** are found in the areas
2. a large portion of **people** **lived in rented apartments or houses**
3. **transportation is readily available** although this may be costly
4. **traffic and noise levels are high** in these areas
5. urban areas are **highly developed** with many buildings and structures
6. have higher population density, with **more diverse subgroups** (ethinic, racial cultural, age, sexual orientation)
7. the large population gives rise to **close interactions among many people** as well as more intense political involvement among citizens
124
They are various groups or
**subdivisions of the larger community**
divided based on characteristics such
as political, economic, cultural, and
religious beliefs.
community sectors
125
Medical and mental health professionals;
pharmacists and pharmacies; hospitals
and other in-patient facilities, clinics,
non-traditional health practitioners;
public health agencies and systems
health
126
Public and private preschools, K-12 schools,
colleges and universities, school committees,
school administrators, teachers, other
educational institution employees; parents,
students, state board of education; adult
basic education (ABE) and English as Second
or Other Language (ESOL) programs
education
127
The local and state police, the court
system- judges, probation officers,
prosecutors, court appointed defense
lawyers, court-mandated program
for offenders.
law enforcement
128
Regional, provincial, state, local, and
tribal government bureaucracies,
agencies, and officials, both elected
and appointed.
government
129
From the self-employed carpenter
to the multinational corporation
with a local facility.
business
130
Youth themselves (generally viewed as ages
18 and younger) and those who work
directly with them (youth violence
prevention and outreach programs, Big
Brother/Big Sister, Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs,
scouting, etc.) parents, human service,
culture, and sports/recreation sectors.
youth
131
Newspapers and magazines, radio,
and TV, vast array of blogs, videos,
online news, and other materials
available on the internet
the media
132
Non-profit professional and volunteer
organizations that provide free and
affordable services such as job training,
food, shelter, elder services, services for
individuals with physical or mental
disabilities, support and advocacy for
immigrants, among others.
human services
133
Places of worship and their members,
religious organizations (e.g. Knights of
Columbus, CBCP) of all faiths, may
include the hierarchy of a national
church as well (a Roman Catholic
archbishop, for instance)
religion
134
The Lions, Masons, Rotary, Kiwanis, and
other local and national or international
service organizations, college
fraternities/sororities or other local and
national social clubs, as well veterans’
organizations and the like
service/ fraternal organisation
135
Individuals for or against political issue,
supportive of existing institutions,
oriented toward economics, or more
generally concerned with the quality of
community life (e.g. organizers of
community festivals)
community activist volunteer groups
136
137
138
Artists such as musicians, dancers and
choreographers, writer, actors and directors,
designers and visual artists, as well as arts
organizations, theaters, orchestras, museums,
galleries, and those who work as support
staff in the arts- stagehands, cameramen,
electricians, set builders, etc. ; regular
consumers and supporters of the arts.
culture
139
Both public and private non-profit housing
agencies and organizations that provide rent
subsidies or affordable housing. As well as
developers who build market-rate and upscale
residential and commercial properties may
include everyone from fair housing advocates to
those who own or manage urban real estate
worth millions of pesos
housing development
140
Sports clubs, town or county recreation
departments, amateur and professional
athletic associations, public and private sports
and recreation facilities, gyms, coaches,
personal trainers, recreation leaders, and
camp directors, as well those who participate
in these groups as athletes, spectators, or
supporters.
sports and recreation
141
Individual environmentalists, international,
national, and local environmental
organizations, conservation land trusts,
recreational hunters and fishermen, and other
outdoor people, hydrologists, those who make
a living from a pristine or carefully-managed
environment.
the environment
142
Confined to rural areas, may also
include dairy farmers, cheesemakers,
winemakers and vineyards, and food
processors and packers, including all
consumers of the food produced.
agriculture
143
types of community sectors (16)
1. health
2. education
3. law enforcement
4. government
5. business
6. youth
7. the media
8. human services
9. religion
10. service/ fraternal organisation
11. community activist volunteer groups
12. culture
13. housing development
14. sports and recreation
15. the environement
16. agriculture
144
A ____ is defined as a group of people sharing the
**same environment** and conditions, intent, belief, resources,
preferences, and needs and risks. These factors may affect
the identities of the individuals as well as the community’s
degree of cohesiveness.
Local community
145
A ____ may consist of business operators, public
agency staff, residents with interactions that may include
sharing of resources, information, and assistance
local community
146
____ may also be present between local
businesses and consumers.
Commercial relationships (local community)
147
A system characterized by integration and **interaction
between individuals and groups away from each other** in time
or space or both.
global community
148
* The word “____” refers to the nation of the world
considered closely connected by modern telecommunication,
though they are economically, socially and politically
independent (Sebastian, 2009, and dictionary.com)
global (global community)
149
The domains and certain aspects of the **local and global
communities intertwine.**
global community
150
* Establishments, programs, and other events that started in
the **local setup may eventually grow to have a *global***
presence, such as the Jollibee fast food chain.
global community
151
Proposed plans and **programs in the local community,** when
**implemented successfully, may reach the *global* community,**
and gain traction there as well such as outreach activities,
programs during calamities etc.
global community
152
This perspective views society
as a community of citizens linked by common interests and
collective activity. Examples include people’s organization, civic
organization, and social movements.
Civil Society Perspective
