Q4 - wEEK 2

Question 1

A social institution found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to care for one another.

Answer 1

family

Question 2

“Formal organization is a highly structured secondary group formed for the purpose of achieving specific goals in the most efficient manner.”

Answer 2

Diana Kendall

Question 3

organization we join voluntarily to pursue some common interest or gain personal satisfaction or prestige by joining.

Answer 3

Normative

Question 4

organization we join voluntarily when they can provide us with a material reward that we seek.

Answer 4

Utilitarian

Question 5

association that people are forced to join as a form of punishment (prison) and treatment (psychiatric hospitals).

Answer 5

coercive

Question 6

his work showed one of the clearest links between individuals and institution

Answer 6

Max Weber

Question 7

According to Max Weber, it is one that individuals attach subjective meanings to. In other words, it is an action that is meaningful.

Answer 7

Social Action

Question 8

Determined by the actor’s habitual and customary ways of behaving.

Answer 8

traditional action

Question 9

Determined by emotional state of the actor.

Answer 9

Affectual Action

Question 10

Determined by conscious belief in the value of some ethical, aesthetic, religious or other forms of behavior.

Answer 10

Value Rationality

Question 11

Determined by goal orientation.

Answer 11

Means-end Rationality

Question 12

associated with hereditary authority (monarchy)

Answer 12

Traditional Authority

Question 13

associated with charismatic leaders whose authority comes from followers ‘belief in leaders’ (cult leaders , dictators).

Answer 13

Charismatic Authority

Question 14

associated with leadership that is goal-oriented for the benefit of the society (duly-elected government officials, bureaucrats).

Answer 14

Rational-Legal Authority

Question 15

Large, rational organizations, designed to perform task efficiently.

Answer 15

Bureaucracy

Question 16

division of labor exists

Answer 16

Specialization

Question 17

jobs are structured from greater to lesser amount of authority

Answer 17

Hierarchy of Position

Question 18

formal rules and regulations guide a bureaucracy’s operations.

Answer 18

Rules and Regulations

Question 19

bureaucratic workers are technically trained.

Answer 19

technical competence

Question 20

rules and regulations, not personal whim; govern the treatment of both clients and workers so that they are treated the same way

Answer 20

impersonality

Question 21

there is reliance on record and files.

Answer 21

formal written communications

Question 22

although formal organizations are designed to serve humanity, Weber feared that people might well end up serving formal organization.

Answer 22

Dehumanization

Question 23

failure to carry out the work or service it exists to perform. By the time the computer or service arrives, it is already out of date or unnecessary.

Answer 23

Inefficiency and Rigidity

Question 24

According to what Michels called “the iron law of oligarchy.” The pyramid shape of bureaucracy places
few leaders in charge of organizational resources.

Answer 24

Oligarchy

Question 25

He pointed out the link between bureaucracy and
political oligarchy, the rule of the many by the few.

Answer 25

Robert Michels

Question 26

Invented by eminent sociologist George Ritzer in his book

Answer 26

McDonaldization

Question 27

Process of “rationalization”, i.e., the substitution of traditional rules or views for logical or pragmatic rules or views & how it can be applied to any task.

Answer 27

McDonaldization

Question 28

process of choosing the optimum means to a given end.

Answer 28

efficiency

Question 29

emphasis on the quantity of the products sold & speed of the service offered.

Answer 29

Calculability

Question 30

emphasis on things such as “discipline, order, systemization, formalization, routine, consistency, and methodical operation”.

Answer 30

Predictability

Question 31

emphasis on controlling the workers and the customers. This is done to maintain a greater control over the complete rationalizing process through increased mechanization. By substitution of humans by non-human technology and by making tasks repetitive.

Answer 31

Control