Week 3

Question 1

People’s way of life

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

Cannot be simply broken down into a set of attributes

Answer 2

culture

Question 3

actions of individuals are routinized and institutionalized in context like family, church, school, and government.

Answer 3

conformity

Question 4

similarities in words and actions which can be directly observed

Answer 4

explicit

Question 5

exists in abstract forms which are not quite obvious

Answer 5

implicit

Question 6

two types of culture

Answer 6

material and non-material

Question 7

examples of material and non-material culture

Answer 7

Material: technology, food, fashion
Non-material: ideas, behavior, gesture, habit, religion

Question 8

Perception of accepted reality. Reality maybe material or non-material.

Answer 8

Belief

Question 9

Refers to any information that is perceived as true.

Answer 9

Knowledge

Question 10

established expectations of society as to how a person is supposed to act depending on time, place or situation.

Answer 10

Social norms

Question 11

patterns of repetitive behavior which becomes habitual and conventional part of living

Answer 11

folkways

Question 12

set of ethical standards

Answer 12

mores

Question 13

anything relatively worthy, important, desirable or valuable

Answer 13

values

Question 14

practical application of knowledge.

Answer 14

technology

Question 15

etymology of ethnocentrism

Answer 15

“ethno” people (Greek); “centric” center (Latin)

Question 16

Encourages solidarity, believing that one’s ways are the best

Answer 16

ethnocentrism

Question 17

Hinders the cooperation and understanding between groups

Answer 17

ethnocentrism

Question 18

Conflict, often leads to social change

Answer 18

ethnocentrism

Question 19

preference of the foreign; exact opposite of ethnocentrism

Answer 19

xenocentrism

Question 20

fear of what is perceived as foreign or strange

Answer 20

xenophobia

Question 21

underscores the idea that the culture in every society should be understood and regarded on its own terms.

Answer 21

cultural relativism

Question 22

culture have tangible and intangible components. Tangible ones are those that are produced and created based on specific and practical purposes and aesthetic values. Intangible may be associated with events, historical sites but not limited the houses of heroes and historical personalities.

Answer 22

cultural heritage

Question 23

produced and created based on specific and practical purposes and aesthetic values.

Answer 23

tangible culture

Question 24

associated with events, historical sites but not limited the houses of heroes and historical personalities.

Answer 24

intangible culture

Question 25

"Nothing more than a means of rising in the world"

Answer 25

Samuel Johnson

Question 26

The systematic organization of hatred

Answer 26

Henry Adams

Question 27

Cradle of democratic government; Affairs of the polis; What concerns the state

Answer 27

Art of Government

Question 28

“Politics is not science, but an art”

Answer 28

Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck

Question 29

“Authoritative allocation of values”

Answer 29

David Easton

Question 30

“Despotic power is always accompanied by corruption of morality.” “Authority that does not exist for Liberty is not authority but force.”

Answer 30

John Emerich E. Dalberg Acton

Question 31

Political and non-political coincides Public realm and private realm conform to the division between the state and civil society. Apparatus of the state Politics is restricted to the activities of the state.

Answer 31

Public Affairs

Question 32

state apparatus of government

Answer 32

public

Question 33

civil society, autonomous bodies, businesses, trade union, clubs, families, etc. personal realm, family, and domestic life

Answer 33

private

Question 34

Politics seen as particular means of resolving conflict Politics is certainly no utopian solution

Answer 34

As compromise and consensus

Question 35

When social groups and interests possess power, they must be conciliated, they cannot be crushed.

Answer 35

Bernard Crick

Question 36

The broadest and the most radical definition of politics

Answer 36

Power

Question 37

ability to achieve a desired outcome through whatever means.

Answer 37

Power

Question 38

Political power as merely the organized power of one class for oppressing the other.

Answer 38

Karl Marx

Question 39

Concerned with the concepts and arguments involved in political opinion.

Answer 39

Political Philosophy

Question 40

Deals with normative questions. a. Why should I obey the state? b. How should rewards be distributed? c. What should the limits of individual freedom be?

Answer 40

Political Philosophy

Question 41

The Code of Hammurabi: Hammurabi as a representative of God on Earth Chandragupta Maurya: set of Machiavellian precepts on how to survive under an arbitrary power Confucius: a code of conduct designed to stabilize society

Answer 41

Antiquity

Question 42

The first elaborate work of European political philosophy

Answer 42

Plato

Question 43

was a scientist rather than a prophet; he analyzes society as if he were a doctor and prescribes remedies for its ills.

Answer 43

Aristotle

Question 44

focuses on the observation and explanation of political phenomena and involves formulating and testing hypotheses through experimentation.

Answer 44

Empirical Approach

Question 45

focuses on what ought to be and explores the values and ideals of a political system

Answer 45

Normative Political Theory

Question 46

After formulating a hypothesis, a study will be designed to test the hypothesis. Let's look at an example.

Answer 46

Empirical Theory

Question 47

proponent of limited government. He uses a theory of natural rights to argue that governments have obligations to their citizens

Answer 47

John Locke

Question 48

even with the perspective of the past, humanity cannot dictate future events

Answer 48

David Hume

Question 49

political scientists approach their study in an objective, rational, and systematic manner.

Answer 49

Scientific Approach

Question 50

The processes of historical change are reflection of the economic development of society History was story of class conflict generated by economic modernization, not the story of the rise and fall of city states, empires and nation states, Capitalism prospered in the 19th century. Argued that capitalism which involves market exchanges, labor as commodity and the factors of production held in private hands produced political and social results.

Answer 50

Karl Marx

Question 51

draws heavily upon the example of economic theory in building up models based upon procedural rules

Answer 51

Formal Political Theory

Question 52

general idea about something usually expressed in a single word or a phrase.

Answer 52

concepts

Question 53

schematic representations of reality or of one's view of a possible world, constructed to improve one's understanding about the world and/or to make predictions

Answer 53

models

Question 54

a proposition; it offers systematic explanation of a body of empirical data

Answer 54

theory

Question 55

usually about the rationally self-interested behavior of the individuals involved.

Answer 55

Rational Choice Theory