Quiz 1

Question 1

pharmaceutic phase

Answer 1

only w/ meds taken by mouth
involve disintegration and dissolution

Question 2

first pass effect

Answer 2

process where the med passes through the liver first and inactivates the meds

Question 3

How does cirrhosis and hepatitis alter drug metabolism?

Answer 3

they prevent the liver from metabolizing drugs

Question 4

half life

Answer 4

time it takes for 1/2 of the med to be eliminated

Question 5

steady state

Answer 5

enough drug is in the system to be consistently effective

Question 6

loading dose

Answer 6

used when immediate drug response is desired

Question 7

bioavailability

Answer 7

the percentage of the drug that reaches systemic circulation

Question 8

Why should you not crush enteric-coated meds?

Answer 8

enteric coated meds dissolve when they reach the small intestine and can not be crushed because it will not give the desired effect

Question 9

Why should drugs with a longer half-life be given at longer intervals?

Answer 9

drugs with longer half-lives shouldn’t be given in multiple doses because the drug can accumulate and be toxic

Question 10

troche

Answer 10

lozenge, gets dissolved

Question 11

capsule

Answer 11

made of gelatin, allows release over a period of time
-usually released

Question 12

suspension

Answer 12

has small fine particles of the med. that do not dissolve completely in water

Question 13

routine prescription

Answer 13

carried out until the provider changes or discontinues it

Question 14

standing prescription

Answer 14

protocol-based and have a lot of directives to implement in specific situations

Question 15

1 kg

Answer 15

1000 g or 2.2 lbs

Question 16

1 oz

Answer 16

30 mL, 2 Tablespoons, 6 teaspoons

Question 17

1 liter

Answer 17

1000 ml

Question 18

1 tsp

Answer 18

5 ml

Question 19

1 tbsp

Answer 19

15 ml or 3tsp

Question 20

1 mm

Answer 20

.01 cm

Question 21

Which has the highest rate of absorption between liquids, capsules, and tablets?

Answer 21

liquids have a higher rate of absorption because they do not have to be broken down
–>capsules
–>tablets

Question 22

How does food affect drug absorption?

Answer 22

food can affect the absorption because the drug and the food compete to be broken down and dissolved

Question 23

bioavailability

Answer 23

how much drug is available in the body circulation

Question 24

Rates of Bioavailability for med routes

Answer 24

IV- 100%
IM- about 75%
Subq- about 75%
transdermal
rectal
oral and inhalation

Question 25

When a protein bound drug is adhered to the protein site, what occurs?

Answer 25

it helps decrease the speed of action

Question 26

trough level

Answer 26

lowest plasma concentration of a drug

Question 27

When administering a medication with a narrow therapeutic range, the nurse's job is to monitor the blood level because?

Answer 27

in drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges, there is a small difference between therapeutic and toxic doses

Question 28

How much medication should be given to older clients?

Answer 28

start low and go slow

Question 29

tachyplaxis

Answer 29

rapid decrease in response to drug, occurs quickly

Question 30

When should you give a med that is affected by food in the stomach?

Answer 30

an hour before they eat

Question 31

For lipid-soluble drugs, how should you administer them?

Answer 31

they should given with high fat foods

Question 32

Anytime the serum albumin level is low and a client is given a highly protein-bound drug, the effect seen is?

Answer 32

there is less protein for that drug to attach, ending up with more drug in free circulation which would manifest in increased drug effects

Question 33

What happens if you have two highly protein drugs?

Answer 33

there is more drug that ends up in free circulation and can lead to increased drug effects, they can even be adverse - the drugs displace each other and have more drugs in circulation

Question 34

What happens if you have a lower protein-bound drug and add higher protein-bound drug?

Answer 34

the lower protein-bound drug will have increased effects

Question 35

nonspecific drugs

Answer 35

can act on one type of receptor but in different body tissues

Question 36

What is the main difference between generic and brand-name drugs?

Answer 36

price

Question 37

misfeasance

Answer 37

giving the wrong dose

Question 38

creatinine clearance

Answer 38

describes how well the kidneys are excreting

Question 39

protein binding

Answer 39

these proteins bind to many different drugs and drugs that are protein bound can't activate receptors unless they're free