Quiz #1

Question 1

What is another term for reproductive cells?

Answer 1

-Gametes

Question 2

What are the male and female reproductive cells?

Answer 2

-Male: Spermatozoa
-Female: Ova

Question 3

What is the process by which most of the cells of the body divide?

Answer 3

-Mitosis

Question 4

What is the process by which the reproductive cells divide?

Answer 4

-Meiosis

Question 5

What does meiosis result in?

Answer 5

-the creation of four genetically unique haploid daughter cells from a single parent cell

Question 6

What does mitosis result in?

Answer 6

-The creation of two identical daughter cells from one parent cell

Question 7

What is the total number of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell called?

Answer 7

-The diploid chromosome number (2n)

Question 8

One pair of the chromosomes that make up the above-mentioned number are what?

Answer 8

-Even as they are in pairs

Question 9

What chromosomal pattern stands for male? For female?

Answer 9

-Male: XY
-Female: XX

Question 10

What is the chromosome number for gametes called?

Answer 10

-The haploid chromosome number

Question 11

Why do gametes need to divide by meiosis?

Answer 11

-To introduce genetic diversity

Question 12

Name the functions of the testes.

Answer 12

-Spermatogenesis
-Hormone production

Question 13

Where are spermatozoa produced?

Answer 13

-In the seminiferous tubules of the testis

Question 14

How are spermatozoa produced?

Answer 14

-Primary spermocyte divide into 2 by meiosis into 2 secondary spermocytes
- The 2 secondary spermocytes divide once again by meiosis
-Now there’s 4 spermocytes
-The spermatids do not undergo any further cell divisions, but they do grow tails and undergo other physical changes that convert them into spermatozoa.
- Once they are fully developed, they are carried to the epididymis for storage.

Question 14

Where are spermatozoa stored?

Answer 14

-In the epididymis

Question 15

What muscle adjusts the closeness of the testes and why?

Answer 15

-The Cremaster Muscle
-testis have to be slightly cooler than the body to produce spermatozoa

Question 16

What do we know about the general pH of semen?

Answer 16

-that it is alkaline so it can counteract the females acidic environment

Question 17

What are the accessory male reproductive glands? Which ones do dogs not have?

Answer 17

-Prostate glands
-Bulbourethral Gland: dogs do not have this

Question 18

What is the purpose of the prepuce? The scrotum?

Answer 18

-Prepuce: Sheath of skin that closes the penis when its not in use, Inner surface is a mucous membrane and protects the penis and keeps it moist and clean of debris
-Scrotum: Houses the testis, A sack of skin, Helps regulate the testicle temperature, Cremaster muscle passes down through the inguinal ring and attaches to the scrotum.

Question 19

Which species have a sigmoid flexure?

Answer 19

-Bulls
-Rams
-Bores

Question 20

What is the gubernaculum?

Answer 20

-The connective tissue that attaches the testis to the scrotum

Question 21

What is the function of the spermatic cord?

Answer 21

-Links the testis with the rest of the body

Question 22

What makes up the spermatic cord?

Answer 22

-Connective tissue
-Blood vessels
-Lymph vessels
-Vas Deferens

Question 23

What do Sertoli cells do?

Answer 23

-Prevents the body from launching a immune response against the sperm

Question 24

Which species of animal “ties” and what structure on the makes this tie happen?

Answer 24

-During canine breeding the bulb of the penis becomes engorged and full of blood, this does not reach full size until after ejaculation, the bulb is clamped in place by contraction of the vagina/vulva.

Question 25

How is the position of the testes adjusted to help with their temperature?

Answer 25

-Warm Weather: cremaster muscle relaxes allowing the testicles to hang further away from the body -Cold Weather: the cremaster muscles contracts forcing the testicles to sit closer to the body

Question 26

What is the primary male androgen?

Answer 26

-Testosterone