Quiz 10

Question 1

Why must you conduct a functional assessment before using extinction to decrease a problem behavior?

Answer 1

Extinction: Procedure in which reinforcer maintain problem behavior is eliminated following behavior to decrease behavior. To use extinction, you must first conduct a functional assessment to identify consequences that are reinforcing the problem behavior and eliminating it. When problem behavior is no longer reinforced, it will extinguish.

Question 2

Why is it important to collect data on the problem behavior when implementing an extinction procedure?

Answer 2

1. Track Progress (Helps determine if behavior is decreasing)
2. Monitor for Extinction Bursts (Leads to a temporary increase in problem behavior before starting to decrease)
3. Assess Effectiveness (No change in behavior after a period)
4. Fine-Tuning Intervention (Allow you to identify patterns to improve outcomes)

Question 3

Before using an extinction procedure, you must ask whether extinction is safe to use. When would it be unsafe to use extinction?

Answer 3

• Results in harm to the person exhibiting the problem behavior or to other people in an immediate environment. Extinction may be unsafe when a problem behavior is negatively reinforced because extinction requires preventing escape when problem behavior occurs. Preventing escape often requires physical guidance which may be difficult or impossible.

Question 4

Before using an extinction procedure, you must ask whether extinction is safe to use. What can you do to make the use of extinction safer?

Answer 4

• Functional Assessment (Ensure problem behavior’s function is accurately identified)
• Non-Physical Methods (Implement alternative strategies like clear instructions or visual cues to reduce need for escape behaviors)
• Behavioral Safety (Ensure other interventions like reinforcing alternative behaviors)

Question 5

What happens if the change agents cannot maintain consistency in using the extinction procedure?

Answer 5

Apply extinction is critical. If change agents cannot maintain consistency several negative outcomes may happen: Failure of Extinction, Increased Frustration, Partial Reinforcement Effect, Loss of Trust.

Question 6

Why is it important to use a reinforcement procedure in conjunction with extinction?

Answer 6

Behavioral Replacement (Engage in behavior more intensely. Reinforce an alternative, more desirable behavior helps replace problem behavior with more effective behavior)
Increase Likelihood of Alternative Behavior (Reinforcement ensures desired behavior is encouraged and more likely to occur again)
Decrease Frustration (Person is less likely to be frustrated or confused if they have a positive way to get needs met)

Question 7

Extinction following Positive Reinforcement

Answer 7

When behavior is positively reinforced, extinction means person no longer gets positive reinforcer following behavior.

Question 8

Extinction following Negative Reinforcement

Answer 8

When behavior is negatively reinforced, extinction means person no longer escapes from aversive stimulus following behavior.

Question 9

1. To use extinction, you must first identify the _____________________________ that maintains the problem and then eliminate it when the problem behavior occurs.

Answer 9

Reinforcer

Question 10

2. A behavior problem is reinforced by ___________________________ when the behavior results presentation of a stimulus.

Answer 10

Positive Reinforcement

Question 11

3. A behavior problem is reinforced by ___________________________ when the behavior results in escape from some stimulus.

Answer 11

Negative Reinforcement

Question 12

4. To identify the reinforcer maintaining a problem behavior, you must conduct a _____________________________.

Answer 12

Functional Assessment

Question 13

5. If a child’s problem behavior was reinforced by ____________________________, then extinction would involve ignoring the behavior when it occurred.

Answer 13

Attention

Question 14

6. If a child’s problem behavior was reinforced by ____________________________, then extinction would involve not letting the child out of the task when the problem behavior occurred.

Answer 14

Escape

Question 15

7. Claire had tantrums involving screaming and crying. When her parents started using extinction for the tantrum behavior, Claire screamed louder and longer for a while before the behavior decreased. This is an example of a(n) _____________________________.

Answer 15

Extinction Burst

Question 16

8. The decrease in the problem behavior will be more rapid when extinction is used after ________________________ (continuous/intermittent) reinforcement.

Answer 16

continuous

Question 17

9. The decrease in the problem behavior will be more gradual when extinction is used after ________________________ (continuous/intermittent) reinforcement.

Answer 17

intermittent

Question 18

10. An extinction procedure should always be used in conjunction with a(n) _____________________ procedure.

Answer 18

Replacement (Alternative Behavior)

Question 19

1. With extinction, once the reinforcer for the problem behavior no longer follows the behavior, the behavior will _______________________.

Answer 19

Decrease

Question 20

2. A child cries when asked to tie her shoes, and her parents tie her shoes for her. In this case, how would the parents use extinction for crying? _______________________

Answer 20

Ignore the crying and don’t tie her shoes until she stops crying

Question 21

3. A child cries every time she wants cookies, and her babysitter gives her cookies. In this case, how would the babysitter use extinction for crying? _____________________

Answer 21

Don’t give cookies when she cries

Question 22

4. If you cannot eliminate the reinforcer for a problem behavior, then you should not try to use _____________________ to decrease the problem.

Answer 22

Extinction

Question 23

5. What is likely to happen during an extinction burst? ____________________________

Answer 23

Increase in intensity, duration, or frequency of behavior

Question 24

6. For extinction to be used correctly, the reinforcer should _________________ follow the problem behavior.

Answer 24

Not

Question 25

7. If the problem behavior is even occasionally reinforced, the procedure amounts to ___________________ for the behavior rather than extinction.

Answer 25

Partial Reinforcement

Question 26

8. What are two conditions under which you would decide not to use extinction? ________________________ and ______________________

Answer 26

Safety Concerns; If behavior may harm person

Question 27

9. When an alternative behavior produces the same reinforcing consequence as the problem behavior had before the use of extinction, it is ___________ (less/more) likely that the problem behavior will occur again after extinction.

Answer 27

More

Question 28

1. _________________________ is a basic principle of behavior in which eliminating the reinforcer for the behavior results in a decrease in the frequency of the behavior.

Answer 28

Extinction

Question 29

A child spins a plate on the table, and the plate spinning is reinforced by the sound the plate makes while spinning. 2. This is an example of ______________ reinforcement.

Answer 29

Automatic

Question 30

A child spins a plate on the table, and the plate spinning is reinforced by the sound the plate makes while spinning. 3. How would you implement extinction in this case? ____________________________

Answer 30

Ignore the behavior and don’t give attention after head banging

Question 31

A child spins a plate on the table, and the plate spinning is reinforced by the sound the plate makes while spinning. 4. How would you implement extinction if the head banging were reinforced by adult attention? _________________________

Answer 31

Don’t allow escape from tasks and provide a non-aversive way to complete tasks

Question 32

A child spins a plate on the table, and the plate spinning is reinforced by the sound the plate makes while spinning. 5. How would you implement extinction if the head banging were reinforced by escape from academic tasks? _________________________

Answer 32

Don’t allow escape from tasks and provide a non-aversive way to complete tasks

Question 33

A child spins a plate on the table, and the plate spinning is reinforced by the sound the plate makes while spinning. 6. How would you implement extinction if the head banging were reinforced by sensory stimulation? _________________________

Answer 33

Block access to the sensory stimuli or prevent the situation from occurring

Question 34

7. The temporary increase in frequency, duration, or intensity of the behavior as extinction is implemented is called a(n) ___________________________________

Answer 34

Extinction Burst

Question 35

8. If extinction is used after continuous reinforcement, then the decrease in the problem behavior will be more __________________ (rapid/gradual).

Answer 35

Rapid

Question 36

9. If extinction is used after intermittent reinforcement, then the decrease in the problem behavior will be more __________________ (rapid/gradual).

Answer 36

Gradual

Question 37

10. ______________________________ of behavior change after the use of extinction means that the problem behavior will stop in all relevant circumstances.

Answer 37

Generalization