quiz 13 Flashcards
(25 cards)
achondroplasia
Disorder of bone growth that prevents the changing of cartilage (particularly in the long bones of the arms and legs) to bone
ankyloses
Scar tissue develops between bone ends causing the ends to fuse
bursitis
- Inflammation of the bursae
- small fluid filled sacs cavity located near joint that reduces friction on movement
hairline fractures
aka stress fracture; a tiny crack in a bone caused by repetitive stress or force, often from overuse
osteomalacia
- Softening or decalcification of bone in adults
- spine, pelvis, femur
- Vitamin D deficiency and inadequate calcium or phosphorus in diet
osteomyelitis
- Inflammation of the bone marrow
- Affects principally children and adolescents whose bones are still growing
osteoporosis
- Increased porosity of the bone
- Makes bone abnormally fragile
- Part of aging process
osteosarcoma
- Most common type of cancer that starts in the bones
- Cells that form bones
rheumatoid arthritis
- Most serious and crippling form of arthritis
- Chronic inflammatory disease for which there is no cure
- Early diagnosis can prevent crippling
- Begins with inflammation of the synovial membrane
scoliosis
- Sideways curvature of the spin
- Cause is really unknown
acromegaly
- disorder in adults in which the pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone
- lead to unusual physical features and medical complications
- Can take years for change to appear
addison’s disease
- disorder in which the adrenal glands don’t produce enough hormones
- Caused by disruptions to the adrenal glands, preventing normal secretion of corticosteroids
cretinism
congenital disease due to absence or deficiency of normal thyroid secretion, characterized by physical deformity, dwarfism, and mental retardation, and often by goiter
cushing’s syndrome
- Occurs due to abnormally high levels of the hormone cortisol
- The body produces too much over a long period of time
- the stress hormone
diabetes insipidus
- disorder that occurs when a kidneys pass an abnormally large volume of urine that is insipid - dilute and odorless
- Kidneys are not able to conserve water
diabetes mellitus
- disease that prevents your body from properly using the energy from the food you eat
- Absence of insulin
- Glucose cannot enter cells
- Cells are deprived of their nutrients
dwarfism
- Medical or genetic condition that causes someone to be considerably shorter than average
- Average height of an adult with this is 4 feet
exophthalmos
bulging of the eye naturally out of the orbit
giantism
- condition that causes abnormal growth
- Most often due to abnormal tumor growths on the pituitary gland
goiter
- swelling in the neck resulting from an enlarged thyroid gland
- lack of iodine in the diet
grave’s disease
- Condition which a goiter develops
- Entire gland hypertrophies
- eyes protrude/stare
hyperthyroidism
- condition in which there is too much thyroid hormone produced in the body
- Overactive
- Autoimmune reaction - antibodies react to a thyroid antigen stimulating hyperactivity of the thyroid
hypothyroidism
- Combination of symptoms due to inadequate parathyroid hormone production
- commonly occurs because of damage to or removal of parathyroid gland when you have surgery
myxedema
- Term for severely advanced hypothyroidism
- Also used to describe skin changes
