Quiz 2 Flashcards
(20 cards)
According to Michael Bell, Shell’s oil extraction in Nigeria represents:
A) an equitable distribution of environmental “goods”
B) a case of environmental injustice
C) a model case of healthy industry-community relations
D) “a” and “c”
E) none of the above
B) a case of environmental injustice
Which of the following is an example of environmental racism?
A) hazardous waste landfills are significantly more likely to be sited near communities of colour
B) the richest 1% gets most of the environmental goods
C) the elderly get easier access to social benefits
D) women get paid less than men for the same job
E) those in power are unwilling to take decisions that will safeguard water resources for the next generation
A) hazardous waste landfills are significantly more likely to be sited near communities of color
Drawing on Michael Bell’s chapter, what are health consequences associated with “consumption gaps”?
A) children in developing countries have lower mortality rates
B) hunger and malnutrition in developing countries leads to millions of children dying before they reach the age of five
C) malnourishment leads children in developing countries to have trouble learning and to experience lifelong damage to their mental capacities
D) malnourishment leads adults in developing countries to have a reduced capacity to work
E) all of the above
F) only “b”, “c” and “d”
F) only “b”, “c” and “d”
In his article Michael Bell discussed the “pollution gap.” What is an example of that concept?
A) European nations routinely grow more food than developing countries
B) European countries routinely buy the electronic waste (i.e. computer, i-pods, cell phones, etc.) from developing countries.
C) Developing countries have better infrastructure to dispose of their pollution than European countries
D) per capita production of carbon dioxide is 12 times higher in European countries than it is in developing countries.
E) all of the above
F) only “b” and “c”
D) per capita production of carbon dioxide is 12 times higher in European countries than it is in developing countries.
According to Michael Bell, why is biodiversity loss an important issue?
A) the leaking gene pool means a declining genetic resource base for the development of new crops
B) it reduces the potential of developing new medicines
C) it destabilizes ecosystems
D) for ethical reasons…
E) all of the above
F) only “a” and “d”
E) all of the above
According to Michael Bell, what needs to happen in order for people to take environmentally-appropriate action even when they are not consciously thinking of the environmental consequences of their actions?
A) we need to put our trust in the politicians who are governing our country
B) we need to put our faith in Monsanto and the other trans-national corporations
C) we need to think carefully about how we as a community constitute the circumstances in which people make environmentally significant decisions
D) we need to put our trust in religious leaders
E) “a” and “b”
F) “c” and “d”
C) we need to think carefully about how we as a community constitute the circumstances in which people make environmentally significant decisions
What is the main argument of the “Wolves and Rivers” video?
A) the re-introduction of wolves led to a decrease in fish population in Yellowstone park
B) the re-introduction of wolves worsened soil erosion along the river
C) the re-introduction of the wolves decreased the number of trees in the ecosystem
D) the re-introduction of the wolves dramatically improved the ecosystem’s biodiversity
E) “a” and “b”
F) “c” and “d”
D) the re-introduction of the wolves dramatically improved the ecosystem’s biodiversity
Based on the Wolves video, what are “ecosystem engineers”?
A) engineering students who are hired to monitor tree populations in national parks
B) ecologists who are hired to monitor the health of environments
C) Ecological engineers who are hired to restore ecosystem health
D) animal species who create niches for other animal species
E) environmental engineers who study how corporations can decrease their ecological impact
D) animal species who create niches for other animal species
What impact did the wolves re-introduction have on other living species in Yellowstone park?
A) they increased the deer population
B) they decreased the beaver population
C) they decreased the bear population
D) they decreased the number of song birds
E) all of the above
F) none of the above
F) none of the above
Drawing on Michael Carolan’s “Biodiversity” chapter, what is the relationship between biodiversity and human health?
A) biodiversity helps limit the spread of mosquitos
B) biodiversity is responsible for supplying therapeutic applications
C) biodiversity boosts mental and spiritual health
D) biodiversity provides ecosystem services that we need for health, like clean air and water
E) all of the above
F) only “c” and “d”
E) all of the above
Drawing on Carolan’s text, which of the following is NOT an example of an ecosystem service provided by biodiversity?
A) pollination of plants
B) pest control
C) ensuring water quality
D) atmospheric regulation
E) helps maintain healthy fisheries (i.e. fish populations at seas)
F) they are all ecosystem services
F) they are all ecosystem services
According to Michael Carolan, what was ultimately determined to be the cause of reduced bird population at the Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary?
A) the spread of an avian flu
B) the migration of crocodiles from Australia
C) rising sea levels from global climate change
D) overgrazing buffaloes
E) all of the above
F) none of the above
F) none of the above
What are the objectives of the Convention of Biological Diversity?
A) the conservation of biodiversity
B) the sustainable use of biodiversity
C) deregulation of resource use
D) reducing environmental regulations
E) the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources
F) “a”, “b” and “e”
F) “a”, “b” and “e”
Drawing on Michael Carolan’s text, which of the following are examples of biopiracy?
A) modern-day pirates stealing gold and precious jewels
B) modern-day pirates stealing cows and other livestock
C) corporations taking indigenous knowledge about trees in indigenous region without justly compensating them for their knowledge.
D) aggressive countries taking over the resources of other countries
E) none of the above
C) corporations taking indigenous knowledge about trees in indigenous regions without justly compensating them for their knowledge.
How does patent law facilitate biopiracy?
A) patent law has no impact on biopiracy
B) it makes it very difficult for indigenous populations to call bio-cultural knowledge their own
C) patent law recognizes oral knowledge, but not knowledge that is written down
D) indigenous populations tend to pass down their knowledge through storytelling instead of the written word, thereby enabling multinational corporations to write down the knowledge and claim it as their own.
E) all of the above
F) “b” and “d”
F) “b” and “d”
Drawing on Michael Carolan’s chapter, which of the following are examples of agrobiodiversity practices?
A) using chemical pesticides
B) using terminator seed technology
C) building memory banks that help ensure future generations have working knowledge of species diversity
D) allowing farmers to save seed from one year to be planted the next
E) “b” and “c”
F) “c” and “d”
F) “c” and “d”
What is the main focus of Mary Robinson’s chapter “Migrating with Dignity”?
A) people who are migrating away from volcanic eruptions
B) people who are migrating away from cities
C) people who are migrating away from rising sea levels
D) people who are migrating away industrial pollution sites
E) people who are migrating towards better sources of freshwater
C) people who are migrating away from rising sea levels
What country does the chapter focus on? A) Tahiti B) New Caledonia C) Kiribati D) Fiji E) Bali F) Australia
C) Kiribati
What happened at the 2009 Copenhagen climate change meetings that created a setback for small Pacific island nations?
A) At the last minute the agreement negotiators removed all mention of keeping temperature increase below 1.5ºC pre-industrial levels.
B) Agreement negotiators imposed quotas on the number of people they were allowed to migrate to other countries
C) Agreement negotiators imposed a carbon tax on all planes destined for small Pacific islands
D) Agreement negotiators mandated that temperature increases could only increase to 5ºC above pre-industrial levels.
E) none of the above
A) At the last minute the agreement negotiators removed all mention of keeping temperature increase below 1.5ºC pre-industrial levels.
According to Robinson’s article, how has the country’s head-of-state been preparing for the impact of climate change on his country?
A) He has been purchasing land in other countries for his people to migrate to
B) He enacted laws that ensure all new homes are built with air conditioning units
C) He has allocated funds to build dikes that will protect them from rising sea waters
D) He set up job training programs in nursing and carpentry for the youth who will be migrating
E) “a” and “b”
F) “a” and “d”
F) “a” and “d”
