Quiz 6 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Which of the following are the five components of the “materials” economy that Annie Leonard discusses in The Story of Stuff?
A) resource extraction, production, recycling, consumption, and disposal
B) resource extraction, production, distribution, consumption, and disposal
C) resource extraction, distribution, recycling, reduction, and disposal
D) resource extraction, reduction, consumption, disposal, and war
E) resource extraction, distribution, reduction, recycling, and consumption
B) resource extraction, production, distribution, consumption, and disposal
According to Annie Leonard the materials economy is in crisis. Why does she argue that it is in crisis?
A) because it is a closed-loop system
B) because consumers are buying fewer products
C) because it is a linear system operating in a world of endless resources
D) because it is a linear system operating in a world of finite resources
E) none of the above
D) because it is a linear system operating in a world of finite resources
Which of the following is NOT example of externalizing the costs of production?
A) computer manufacturing companies who have employees work in toxic work conditions, but who rely on the government to pick up the employee’s healthcare costs
B) farms whose production processes pollute the waterways, and who rely on government agencies to assume the clean-up costs.
C) fast food producers who produce disease-causing food, but who aren’t held responsible for the healthcare costs associated with the consumption of their products.
D) chemical companies whose production processes pollute the air, and who rely on governments to assume the clean-up costs.
E) oil companies whose access to oil is reliant on military power, but who don’t pay the cost of the military, nor the healthcare costs of the soldiers involved in action.
F) oil extraction companies who are required to pay for cleaning up the costs of all spills associated with oil extraction and the healthcare costs incurred by their employees.
F) oil extraction companies who are required to pay for cleaning up the costs of all spills associated with oil extraction and the healthcare costs incurred by their employees.
According to Leonard, why are 3rd World workers putting up with terrible working conditions?
A) because they got bored of growing their own food
B) their land was taken from them and they can’t grow their own food
C) they believe working for multi-nationals is more “modern” than working the fields
D) because they have few other options in which to earn money to buy food
E) “b” and “d”
F) “c” and “d”
E) “b” and “d”
Which of the following are NOT features of the “scientific-technical revolution” John Bellamy Foster refers to?
A) corporations systematically established research laboratories geared towards technological inventions
B) the growing use of biodegradable soaps instead of synthetic ones
C) the use of science to extend the division of labor.
D) the use of science to extend the division of nature.
E) the loss of species and genetic diversity in forests, resulting from the scientific management of nature
B) the growing use of biodegradable soaps instead of synthetic ones
Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the “scientific management of nature”?
A) diverting water resources for the use of forest plantations
B) eliminating all slow-growing varieties of trees
C) eliminating all other plants that might interfere with the growth of the plantation crop
D) killing all animals that might interfere with the growth of the plantation crop
E) increased biological and genetic diversity
F) they are all aspects of the “scientific management of nature”
E) increased biological and genetic diversity
Drawing on Foster’s text, which of the following are informal laws of ecology?
A) everything is connected to everything
B) everything must go somewhere
C) nature knows best
D) nothing comes from nothing
E) all of the above
F) only “b” and “d”
E) all of the above
Which of the following are counter-ecological tendencies of the capitalist system?
A) the only lasting connection between things is the cash nexus
B) it doesn’t matter where something goes as long as it doesn’t re-enter the circuit of capital
C) the self-regulating market knows best
D) nature knows best
E) all of the above
F) only “a”, “b” and “c”
F) only “a”, “b” and “c”
According to John Bellamy Foster, why is capitalism in discord with nature?
A) it operates from the assumption that nature’s bounty is a free gift to the property owner
B) because under capitalism all relationships between humans and nature are reduced to money relations
C) because it is an economy of unpaid costs, where businesses are encouraged to treat pollution as an externality, which is to be paid by society.
D) because it has led to the production of biodegradable products natural (i.e., cotton, wood, bamboo, wool, etc) that have displaced our use of synthetic products.
E) all of the above
F) only “a”, “b”, and “c”
F) only “a”, “b”, and “c”
Based on the documentary The Corporation, the purpose of early corporations was to:
A) carry out works for the public good, like build bridges and roads
B) maximize profitability at any cost
C) corrupt the political system
D) dispossess people of their land
E) to privatize public corporations
A) carry out works for the public good, like build bridges and roads
Based on the documentary The Corporation, what are the value systems that are prioritized in corporations?
A) they prioritize human rights above all else
B) they strongly prioritize environmental sustainability
C) they emphasize short-term profitability over all else
D) they believe that a democratic political systems must be nurtured in order to maintain profitability
E) “a” and “b”
C) they emphasize short-term profitability over all else
In the documentary corporations are referred to as externalizing machines. What are examples of externalizing activities?
A) selling products at outdoor markets
B) selling products outside of the corporation’s country
C) getting the government to pay for the roads that corporations need to conduct business
D) getting governments to pay for the cost of cleaning up the environmental messes caused by corporations
E) “a” and “b”
F) “c” and “d”
F) “c” and “d”
Based on the documentary, what are different ways in which corporations show a disregard for the well-being of others?
A) knowingly creating chemicals that are causing infertility, birth defects, and cancer
B) continuing production processes that are destroying the biosphere
C) encouraging the use of sweatshop labor
D) allowing workplace conditions that enable fatal factory fires to take place
E) carrying out massive layoffs (i.e. redundancies)
F) all of the above
F) all of the above
According to the film directors, which of the following are traits that qualify corporations as being psychopathic?
A) reckless disregard for the safety of others
B) incapacity to maintain enduring relationships
C) deceitfulness: repeated lying and conning of others for profit
D) failure to conform to behavioral norms and to obey laws
E) all of the above
F) only “a” and “b”
E) all of the above
In the documentary Michael Moore raises the point the majority of corporations are run by rich white men. What is Moore’s assessment of this situation?
A) Moore thinks it is a problem because this tiny majority of the population lack the genetic programming to make decisions that are best for society
B) Moore thinks it is a problem because this tiny majority of the population are out-of-touch with the reality faced by the majority of the population
C) Moore does not think this is a problem because he believes this minority of the population has received the best training to make socially-complicated decisions
D) Moore does not think this is a problem because he believes this minority of the populations has the best genetic background to make socially-complicated decisions.
E) none of the above
B) Moore thinks it is a problem because this tiny majority of the population are out-of-touch with the reality faced by the majority of the population
Based on The Corporation documentary, what is the NAG factor?
A) The NAG factor refers to Neutron Aged Growth factor, which is given to the cows to increase milk production
B) it refers to the advertising strategy of encouraging children to NAG parents for the advertised service or consumer product
C) it refers to the lobbying that corporations undertake vis-a-vis governments, in order to reduce corporate taxes
D) it refers to the activist strategies carried out against the CEO of Shell Oil corporation
E) none of the above
B) it refers to the advertising strategy of encouraging children to NAG parents for the advertised service or consumer product
What is the overarching focus of David Pellow’s article “The State and Policy”?
A) it discusses greenwashing
B) it addresses the institutions that lubricate the treadmill of production
C) it discusses the scientific-technological revolution
D) it discusses how state policy is oriented towards ecological violence, exclusion and imperialism
E) it discusses how universities contribute to our environmental problems
F) none of the above
D) it discusses how state policy is oriented towards ecological violence, exclusion and imperialism
Based on the David Pellow article, what are components of environmental justice?
A) a vision of shaping society so that the resources increasingly go to the richest 1%
B) a vision where no community is unfairly burdened with environmental harms
C) a vision where social justice and ecological sustainability prevail
D) a vision where corporations are unfettered by environmental regulations
E) “b”, “c” and “d”
F) “b” and “c”
F) “b” and “c”
According to Pellow, what are characteristics of the current political economy?
A) it is producing increasing levels of economic equality and stability
B) it is increasing the percentage of workers holding well-paid, unionized, and secure jobs
C) it perpetuates the “economic growth at all costs” ideology
D) a growing percentage of people with high education levels, high social status, safer jobs
E) lower levels of pollution and social conflict
F) none of the above
C) it perpetuates the “economic growth at all costs” ideology
According to Pellow, which of the following is an inherent characteristic of the modern state?
A) to include all people in the sharing of power
B) allocate resources equitably
C) they are inherently geared towards preventing environmental injustices
D) they are geared to writing some people out of power and furthering the interests of others
E) to ensure that all children within its borders are properly nourished
F) to ensure that all citizens gets a decent education.
D) they are geared to writing some people out of power and furthering the interests of others
Which of the following are indicators of imperialism?
A) aiding other countries when they are struck by natural disasters
B) when one country possesses the right to selectively abide by the treaties it makes with others
C) when one country establishes military bases in other countries
D) when one country consistently pollutes in other countries without having to face penalties
E) “a”, “b” and “c”
F) “b”, “c”, and “d”
F) “b”, “c”, and “d”
To what does David Pellow attribute environmental racism?
A) complete chance
B) pluralist forms of government
C) too much democracy
D) A deep-seated ideology of racial and cultural superiority, which views some people as being worth less than others.
E) monarchic forms of government
D) A deep-seated ideology of racial and cultural superiority, which views some people as being worth less than others.
