Quiz 2 - Appendix B

Question 1

What makes up the bulk of gray matter?

Answer 1

Neuron Cell Bodies

Dendrites

Question 2

What makes up the bulk of white matter?

Answer 2

Axons

Question 3

The “_______” of the _________ and _________ are actually thin layers of gray matter

Answer 3

“Cortex”

Cerebrum and Cerebellum

Question 4

The massive inner white matter is often broken up by islands or of gray matter called “______” or the less frequent “______ _______”

Answer 4

Nuclei

Basal Ganglia

Question 5

Three main parts of the brain stem

Answer 5

Medulla Oblongata
Pons
Midbrain

Question 6

Inferior part of brain stem

Answer 6

Medulla Oblongata

Question 7

Just superior to the M.O. and has a distinct ventral bulge

Answer 7

Pons

Question 8

Cranial nerve pair __ appears dramatically on the surface of the pons

Answer 8

V

Question 9

The ____ and the ____ both form the ventral wall of the ______ brain ventricle

Answer 9

Pons & M.O. (form the ventral wall of the)

Fourth (brain ventricle)

Question 10

The pons is well adapted as an integration and relay center between the ________ and _________

Answer 10

Cerebrum & Cerebellum

Question 11

The midbrain is the small area immediately surrounding the ________ ________

Answer 11

Cerebral Aqueduct

Question 12

The cerebral aqueduct is a distinct passageway for ____ between the ______ and _____ ventricle.

Answer 12

CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid)

Third and Fourth ventricle

Question 13

Area posterior to the aqueduct

Answer 13

Tectum

Question 14

Ventral to the aqueduct are bilateral bulges called the ________ _______

Answer 14

Cerebral Peduncles

Question 15

Important ____ and _____ ______ make up part of each peduncle

Answer 15

Red and Black Nuclei

Question 16

The red and black nuclei are is called the _____

Answer 16

crus

Question 17

The midbrain coordinates subtle _______ dealing with ______ movements in _______ and ________

Answer 17

Reflexes
Head (movements)
Seeing and Hearing

Question 18

The C.P. are full of important descending _______ ________ ______

Answer 18

Motor Oriented Fibers

Question 19

Connection between right and left thalamic masses

Answer 19

Massa Intermedia

Question 20

The third ventricle is simply a fluid-filled space bounded by the ________ and __________ laterally

Answer 20

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
(bound LATERALLY)

Question 21

The diencephalon is a neuron relay center and also has control over many _________ and ________ functions

Answer 21

Autonomic

Endocrine

Question 22

The Diencephalon includes… (5)

Answer 22

Thalamus
Pineal Body
Hypothalamus
Massa Intermedia
Third Ventricle

Question 23

The “flower” and the top of the so-called brainstem

Answer 23

Telencephalon

Question 24

Four major lobes of the brain

Answer 24

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

Question 25

Each hemisphere has an _______ _____ ______ of gray and _______ _____ of white matter along with centrally located gray masses called _____ ______.

Answer 25

``` Outer Thin Cortex (gray) Inner Mass (white) Basal Ganglia (central gray masses) ```

Question 26

The folds (_____) on the outer surface are formed either by shallow grooves (_____) or by a few larger clefts (_______)

Answer 26

Gyri Sulci Fissures

Question 27

The largest lobes... | About ___% of the cerebrum

Answer 27

``` Frontal Lobes (right and left) 35% (of cerebrum) ```

Question 28

On a unilateral view, the major gyri of the frontal lobes include... (4)

Answer 28

Precentral Gyrus Superior Frontal Gyrus Middle Frontal Gyrus Inferior Frontal Gyrus

Question 29

The frontal lobe is separated from the parietal lobe by the _______ ______

Answer 29

Central Sulcus

Question 30

The from lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the _______ ______ ______

Answer 30

Lateral Cerebral Sulcus

Question 31

The _______ _______ is full of neuron axons that connect right and left (frontal lobes)

Answer 31

Corpus Callosum

Question 32

Structures connecting equivalent halves of the CNS.

Answer 32

"Commissures"

Question 33

Frontal lobes are best known for the role as both "________ _________" centers and as ________ ______ ________ centers.

Answer 33

"Thought Elaborating" | Voluntary Motor Initiating (centers)

Question 34

_______ lobes are sandwiched between each of the other lobes.

Answer 34

Parietal Lobes

Question 35

Parietal lobes include... (2 parts and 1 landmark)

Answer 35

Superior Parietal Lobules Inferior Parietal Lobules Post Central Gyrus

Question 36

The inferior parietal lobule is primarily made up of the ____________ and ______ gyri

Answer 36

Supramarginal and Angular Gyri

Question 37

The _______-_______ ______ demarcates the general border between parietal and occipital lobe

Answer 37

Parietal-Occipital Sulcus

Question 38

The boundary between the parietal and ________ lobe is nondistinct

Answer 38

Temporal

Question 39

Modalities "felt" within the parietal lobe (5)

Answer 39

``` Light Touch Deep Touch Pain Temperature Change Kinesthetic Input ```

Question 40

Besides the 5 modalities, the parietal lobe is also able to associate many inputs from the other lobes in order to develop such skills such as ________ and ________

Answer 40

Reading | Writing

Question 41

Relatively small lobes with indistinct lateral and inferior boundaries.

Answer 41

Occipital Lobes

Question 42

Medial surface of the occipital lobe is deeply grooved by the important _______ ______

Answer 42

Calcarine Sulcus

Question 43

Two other prominent medial structures (besides calcarine sulcus... above/below)

Answer 43

``` Cuneus (above) Lingual Gyri (below) ```

Question 44

______ and memory of past ______ experience are received, built up, stored, and associated in the occipital lobes

Answer 44

Sight (and memory of past) | Sight experiences

Question 45

Like the frontal lobes, the temporals are subdivided into distinct... (3)

Answer 45

Superior Temporal Gyrus Middle Temporal Gyrus Inferior Temporal Gyrus

Question 46

Three most notable functions of temporal lobes

Answer 46

Auditory Reception Interpretation Memory Centers

Question 47

Much of our behavior control mechanism is tied up along the ________ located __________ formation.

Answer 47

Medially (located) | Hippocampal

Question 48

The medial aspect of the temporal lobes is separated from the frontal lobe by the ______ _______ _______.

Answer 48

Deep Lateral Sulcus

Question 49

Significant olfactory interpretation area of the temporal lobes

Answer 49

Uncus

Question 50

Posterior enlargement just dorsal to the pons and medulla

Answer 50

Cerebellum

Question 51

The cerebellum appears as a large "____" off the so-called ________

Answer 51

"Bud" | Brainstem

Question 52

Embryologically, the cerebellum is part of the ________ along with the ____ and ______

Answer 52

Hindbrain | M.O. and Pons

Question 53

The fluid filled space between the _____, _______, and ________ is known as the fourth brain ventricle

Answer 53

Pons Medulla Cerebellum

Question 54

Superior to the bulk of the cerebellum are the _______ _____ of the _________ hemisphere

Answer 54

Occipital Lobes | Cerebral (hemispheres)

Question 55

The space and membrane that separate the cerebellum and occipital lobes are in a fissure called the _________ ______ _______

Answer 55

Horizontal Cerebral Fissure

Question 56

The horizontal cerebellar fissure is _______ to the horizontal cerebral fissure.

Answer 56

Inferior | cerebellar in the cellar

Question 57

As a unit, the cerebellum plays a major role in maintaining _______ ______ and in seeing that our ________ _______ are effective.

Answer 57

``` (maintaining) Muscle Tone Voluntary Movements (are effective) ```

Question 58

The cerebellum does not initiate ______ _________, but aids in making the _______ and __________.

Answer 58

Gross Movements | Smooth and Harmonious