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Pharmacology > Quiz 5 (External Antiparasitics) > Flashcards

Quiz 5 (External Antiparasitics) Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

what drug is used in older flea meds?

A

rotenone

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2
Q

what drug can be applied to demodex spots if there are small number of leisons?

A

goodwinol ointment

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3
Q

what can adding piperonyl butoxide do to the affectiveness of pyrethrins?

A

increases it 10 -20 times

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4
Q

what are the differences between Synthetic Pyrethroids and pyrethroids? (2)

A
  1. More toxic

2. Don’t break down as easisly when exposed to sun and air

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5
Q

what species are Organophosphates and Carbamates more typically used on?

A

large animals

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6
Q

how long do the effect of imidacloprid last?

A

Provides residual effect of at least 4 wks.

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7
Q

Imidacloprid

A

Advantage

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8
Q

Imidacloprid is…

A

Advantage

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9
Q

what external parasite does Imidacloprid kill?

A

Kills adult fleas

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10
Q

what animal shoudl imidacloprid not be used on?

A

young kitties and puppies

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11
Q

what animal shoudl imidacloprid not be used on?

A

young kitties and puppies

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12
Q

how long are the effects of fipronil?

A

Provides 30-day residual activity

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13
Q

Fipronil is…

A

Frontline, Top Spot

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14
Q

what parasite does fipronil kill

A

adult fleas and ticks

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15
Q

what animal consideraiton should fipronil not be used on?

A

very young pups or kittens

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16
Q

Selamectin is…

A

Revolution

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17
Q

how is selamectin administered?

A

Spot-on

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18
Q

what external parasites is selamectin effective against?

A

fleas and mites

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19
Q

Nitenpyram is…

A

Capstar

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20
Q

how is nitenpyram administered?

A

orally

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21
Q

how long are the effects of nitenpyram?

A

Starts killing fleas w/in 30 minutes, most gone by 4 hrs.

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22
Q

Spinosad is…

A

Comfortis

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23
Q

how is spinosad administered?

A

Chewable tablet administered orally

Animals must be at least 14 wks. age and meet minimum weight requirements

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24
Q

how long are the effect of spinosad?

A

30 days

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25
how old must an animal be before recieveing spinosad?
Animals must be at least 14 wks. age and meet minimum weight requirements
26
Fluralaner is...
Bravecto
27
how often should fluralaner be administered?
every 12 weeks
28
How is fluralaner administered?
Chewable tablet administered orally
29
how old should an animal be before recieving fluralaner?
Animals must be 6 months of age
30
animals with this medical condidtion should not use fluralaner?
seizures
31
what external parasite does fluralaner treat?
fleas and ticks
32
Botanical Insecticides
Derived from plants
33
what are some botanical insecticides? (2)
1. Rotenone | 2. Pyrethrins
34
what can rotenone be found in? (3)
1. Duradip 2. Pet Dip 3. Goodwinol Ointment
35
what external parasites does rotenone kill?
kill fleas and mites
36
what can happen after animals lick rotenone?
Dogs and cats may vomit
37
what plant is Pyrethrins extracted from?
chrysanthemum flower
38
which is the largest group of marketed insecticides?
Pyrethrins
39
why are pyrethrins usually mixed with other agents?
increase efficacy
40
what product are pyrethrins usually mixed with?
products that kill and repel fleas and ticks
41
what species are more susceptible to toxicity?
Cats
42
what are some syptoms of pyrethrin toxicity?
tremors and seizure
43
how do you treat ingestion of pyrethrins?
activated charcoal
44
how do you treat dermal exposure of pyrethrins?
bathing
45
synthetic pyrethrins are...
increased potency and last longer
46
Organophosphates and Carbamates
Widely used group of insecticidesapplied to plants and animals
47
Organophosphates examples (10)
1. chorpyrifos (Dusban, Duratrol) 2. coumaphos (Co-Ral) 3. cythioate (Proban) 4. diazinon (flea collars) 5. malathion (Adams Flea and Tick Dip) 6. phosmet (Paramite Dip) 7. dichlorvos 8. primiphos 9. fenthion 10. famphur
48
Organophosphates examples (3)
1. carbaryl ( Mycodex Pet Shampoo, Adams Flea and Tick Dust-II, Sevin) 2. propoxur (Baygon) 3. methomyl (Fatal Attraction)
49
how do Organophosphates/Carbamates affect external parasites?
Bind and inactivate acetylcholinesterase at neuronal junctions
50
what do clinical signs of toxicity in animals result from?
overstimulation of acetylcholine receptors
51
what are some clinical signs of Organophosphates/Carbamates?
SLUDDE | salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, dyspnea, emesis
52
precaustion of Organophosphates/Carbamates? (2)
1. Be careful about using more than one organophostphate product at a time 2. Wear gloves when handling these products
53
what species should you not apply Organophosphates/Carbamates to?
sight hounds, charolais, simmental, brahman
54
what drug is used to counteract Organophosphates/Carbamates? (2)
1. atropine | 2. pralidoxime (2-Pam)
55
One of the oldest group of synthetic insecticides
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
56
spectrum of activity of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons?
Effectively kill most insects on plants and animals
57
who can chlorinated hydrocarbons be toxic to?
humans and wildlife
58
how should you protect yourself while bathing a dog with chlorinated hydrocarbons?
Wear gloves and apron
59
what is Amitraz used to treat?
demodectic mange in dogs, also to kill ticks
60
what are some advers affects seen in the treatment of amitraz
sedation and incoordination
61
what do insect growth regulators do?
Impair normal development of immature insects. They do not kill adult insects.
62
lufenuron is...
Lufenuron (Program, Sentinel)
63
methoprene is...
Siphotrol, Ovitrol
64
how is lufenuron administered?
orally to dogs and cats, also by injection in cats
65
how does lufenuron effect fleas?
interferes w/ flea egg formation and development of the flea larva exoskeleton
66
how is methoprene administered?
applied to animal’s skin (spray, collar)
67
ho does methoprene effect fleas?
causes adult fleas to produce larva that do not mature
68
what are some examples of insect growth regulators
1. lufenuron 2. Methoprene 3. Pyriproxyfen
69
how is pyriproxyfen administered?
applied to animal’s skin
70
how does pyriproxyfen effect fleas?
causes adult fleas to produce larva that do not mature

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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