Quiz One

Question 1

prevalence of gingivitis in the U.S. school aged children

Answer 1

40-60%

Question 2

prevalence of gingivitis in the U.S. males ages 18-64

Answer 2

47%

Question 3

prevalence of gingivitis in the U.S. females ages 18-64

Answer 3

39%

Question 4

prevalence of periodontitis in the U.S. adults age 30 or older have periodontitis

Answer 4

42.2% 7.8% is severe 34.4% is nonsevere

Question 5

prevalence of periodontitis in the U.S. adults age 45-54

Answer 5

14%

Question 6

prevalence of periodontitis in the U.S. adults age 65-74

Answer 6

23%

Question 7

___ are more likely to have periodontitis than ___

Answer 7

Men are more likely to have periodontitis than women

Question 8

% of smokers with periodontal disease

Answer 8

Smokers 62.4%

Question 9

THEORY Prior to 1980:

Answer 9

Continuous Progression Theory

Question 10

THEORY After the 1980s:

Answer 10

Intermittent Progression Theory

Question 11

THEORY 1990s and up:

Answer 11

Multifactorial model

Question 12

Epidemiologic studies to identify disease in a population

Measure the amount and severity of a disease

Periodontal research (clinical trials) to make comparisons

Monitor progress

Answer 12

The purpose of Indices in dentistry

Question 13

Clinical uses for Plaque Index

Answer 13

Used as a measurement tool for the provider and a learning tool for the patient. Gives a numerical value of a goal

Question 14

In healthy individuals you will find mostly gram _____ bacteria and cocci. As you get more and more disease the bacteria start changing from ____ to _____ and from cocci- to rods/spirochetes.

Answer 14

healthy = gram positive bacteria and cocci. more disease the bacteria start changing from positive to negative and from cocci- to rods/spirochetes.

Question 15

Systemic factors Genetic factors Systemic Medications SES Lifestyle habits/social behaviors Dental History

Answer 15

Risk Factors in PRA to be able to ID

Question 16

Risk Factors in PRA: Systemic factors

Answer 16

-

Question 17

Risk Factors in PRA: Genetic factors Neutropenia leads to

Answer 17

Neutropenia (very rare blood disorder) -Congenital or developed -Patients are immunocompromised -Higher plaque scores, bleeding, inflammation and bone loss due to lack of platelets

Question 18

Risk Factors in PRA: Systemic Medications Antihypertensive results in

Answer 18

Gingival inflammation

Question 19

Risk Factors in PRA: SES

Answer 19

Stress Low SES Access to care Oral health literacy

Question 20

Risk Factors in PRA: Lifestyle habits/social behaviors

Answer 20

Smoking, smokeless tobacco Alcohol Drug use Oral self care Diet/nutrition Obesity

Question 21

Risk Factors in PRA: Dental History

Answer 21

CC Previous periodontal care Existing restorations Occlusion/malocclusion Alignment Orthodontic care

Question 22

Risk Factors in PRA: Genetic factors Down syndrome leads to

Answer 22

Rapid destruction 58-96% have periodontitis

Question 23

Risk Factors in PRA: Systemic Medications Anticonvulsant, CCB, Immunosuppressives result in

Answer 23

Gingival overgrowth

Question 24

Risk Factors in PRA: Systemic Medications Antianxiety results in

Answer 24

Increase in biofilm formation

Question 25

Which disease causes: Connective tissue destruction and bone loss Poor wound healing High blood glucose Host inflammatory response to microbes

Answer 25

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 26

Which systemic condition causes: Inflammation of the gingiva Gingival enlargement Oral infections

Answer 26

Leukemia

Question 27

What condition would exhibit: Linear gingival erythema

Answer 27

AIDS

Question 28

Hormonal fluctuations - Puberty Boys vs girls - who has more gingivitis

Answer 28

Boys have more gingivitis

Question 29

How can Hormonal fluctuations with Pregnancy affect periodontal disease?

Answer 29

Pregnancy gingivitis Pregnancy tumor

Question 30

How do systemic factors affect periodontal disease? Hormonal fluctuations - Menopause

Answer 30

Menopausal gingivostomatitis

Question 31

Be able to calculate clinical attachment loss using pocket depth and recession/gingival growth

Answer 31

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Question 32

Which Immune System: What we are born with

Answer 32

Innate

Question 33

Which Immune System: Has the ability to recognize pathogens and eliminate them

Answer 33

Innate

Question 34

Which Immune System: The complement system is important because it helps antibodies in fighting off infection and controlling inflammation through 21 plasma proteins

Answer 34

Innate

Question 35

Which Immune System: Secondary immune system-developed

Answer 35

Adaptive

Question 36

Which Immune System: Helps when the other immune system fails

Answer 36

Adaptive

Question 37

Which Immune System: Uses B-cells to manufacture antibodies that protect against antigens

Answer 37

Adaptive

Question 38

Which Immune System: It takes more than five days to develop an antibody response

Answer 38

Adaptive

Question 39

What cells are associated with periodontal bone resorption? (OCCCP)

Answer 39

Osteoclasts Cytokine IL-1 Cytokine IL-6 Cytokine IL-8 Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)

Question 40

Cytokine IL's involved in periodontal bone resorption

Answer 40

1, 6, 8

Question 41

Know the names of bacteria that are associated with periodontal disease.

Answer 41

BIG OLE LIST IN THE STUDY GUIDE

Question 42

biofilm and the host response: Can produce MMPs

Answer 42

PMN’s (Polymorphonuclear leukocyte)

Question 43

biofilm and the host response: Part of the innate immune system

Answer 43

Complement System

Question 44

biofilm and the host response: Functions of the Complement System

Answer 44

Work with antibodies Destruction of pathogens Opsonization of Pathogens Recruitment of Phagocytes Immune Clearance

Question 45

biofilm and the host response: Endotoxins

Answer 45

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Question 46

WHICH CYTOKIN (Inflammatory Mediator) Stimulates osteoclast activity = bone resorption

Answer 46

Cytokin IL-1

Question 47

WHICH CYTOKIN (Inflammatory Mediator): Stimulates bone resorption Inhibits bone formation

Answer 47

Cytokin IL-6

Question 48

WHICH CYTOKIN (Inflammatory Mediator) Stimulates connective tissue destruction Stimulates bone resorption

Answer 48

Cytokin IL-8

Question 49

WHICH Inflammatory Mediator: Stimulates MMP secretion Stimulates bone resorption

Answer 49

PGE2

Question 50

WHICH Inflammatory Mediator: Breakdown of collagen matrix in gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone

Answer 50

MMP Enzymes

Question 51

biofilm and the host response: Function of the Slime Layer

Answer 51

A layer around a biofilm during the maturation phase Protective layer

Question 52

biofilm and the host response: Aerobic Bacteria

Answer 52

Need Oxygen to survive Usually found supragingival or near the channels in the biofilm

Question 53

biofilm and the host response: Anaerobic Bacteria

Answer 53

Does not need oxygen to survive Usually found subgingivally or in the middle of the biofilm

Question 54

biofilm and the host response: Facultative Anaerobic Bacteria

Answer 54

-

Question 55

biofilm and the host response: Innocuous Bacteria

Answer 55

Good bacteria \<3

Question 56

biofilm and the host response: Pathogenic Bacteria

Answer 56

Bad bacteria :(

Question 57

What immune cells are phagocytic? (5) NMMMD

Answer 57

Neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells and mast cells

Question 58

ACUTE inflammation: cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 58

Heat Redness Loss of function Pain Swelling

Question 59

Study Acute and Chronic Inflammation at the cellular level \*\*\*

Answer 59

-

Question 60

Clinical signs of Chronic Inflammation

Answer 60

No symptoms, may present with “healthy”/stippled looking gingiva. Gingiva will appear fibrotic Cardinal signs may be absent or negligible

Question 61

Grade modifiers (2)

Answer 61

Smoking, Diabetes and the severity of both

Question 62

Factors are correlated with the prevalence of periodontal disease (3)

Answer 62

Demographic Factors Genetics Other

Question 63

Factors are correlated with the prevalence of periodontal disease - Demographic factors

Answer 63

Age Gender Race Socio-economic status Barriers to care

Question 64

Factors are correlated with the prevalence of periodontal disease - Genetics

Answer 64

Presence of systemic disease (Diabetes) Tooth morphology/bone Long and thin roots vs short and wide Root surface grooves Bone level Number of teeth

Question 65

Factors are correlated with the prevalence of periodontal disease - Other

Answer 65

Diet Oral hygiene Tobacco

Question 66

study of health and disease within a population. All factors that influence health (behavioral, environmental, and genetic risk factors)

Answer 66

epidemiology

Question 67

The number of new cases within a population

Answer 67

incidence

Question 68

The total of all cases (new and old)

Answer 68

prevalence

Question 69

Functional dentition, junctional epithelium is coronal to CEJ

Answer 69

periodontal health

Question 70

REMINDER - in previous years, a good chunk of the quiz info came from the VoiceThread lectures in their weeks 3 and 4. We have VoiceThreads week 3 and 5, but also review week 4 in general.

Answer 70

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