Quiz1 p2

Question 1

Controlled substance

Answer 1

drugs that have the potential for abuse or dependence

Question 2

What are the three criteria upon which the controlled substance schedule is based

Question 3

What are the proper practices for veterinarians using and dispensing controlled drugs?

Question 4

What is the statement that must be on a drug label to indicate that the drug is a prescription item

Answer 4

Prescription Drug Legend : “ Caution : Federal law restricts the use of this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian”

Question 5

What is the VCPR and its importance

Answer 5

Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship; the vet assumes responsibility for clinical assessments based on sufficient knowledge about the animal’s health, need for treatment and follow-up care

Question 6

What is the therapeutic range?

Answer 6

The dosage range or blood plasma or serum cencentration usually expected to achieve the desired therapeutic effect

Question 7

Why is the therapeutic range important

Answer 7

The goal is to maintain drug concentrations in the body within the therapeutic range; correct dose and dosage procedures produce concentrations within the therapeutic range

Question 8

What is the equation for the therapeutic index

Answer 8

TI = LD50/ED50 (lethal dose over effective dose)

Question 9

How can you tell the margin of safety from the therapeutic index

Answer 9

a greater margin of safety is indicated by a large TI

Question 10

Suppository

Answer 10

conical/ovoid solid or semisolid material inserted into body orifices; melt at body temp

Question 11

Implant

Answer 11

Tablets/Pastes/Emulsions for SQ insertion; designed for slow absorption

Question 12

Inhalant

Answer 12

Liquid that may be converted into an aerosol or mist to be used in a vaporizer or nebulizer and inhaled; rapidly absorbed into the blood stream

Question 13

Liniment

Answer 13

a drug suspended in oily, soapy or alcoholbased substance; applied topically with friction, to relieve pain/counterirritant, may produce heat

Question 14

Astringent

Answer 14

*** applied to the skin to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions or as a cosmetic to make the skin less oily

Question 15

Ointment

Answer 15

a drug suspended in a semisolid, greasy preparation that melts at body temp

Question 16

Lotion

Answer 16

a drug suspended in a liquid; applied by gently dabbing, brushing or dripping on skin without friction

Question 17

Demulcent

Answer 17

*** a substance that relieves irritation of the mucous membranes in the mouth by forming a protective film

Question 18

Preservative

Answer 18

*** substances that are added to pharmaceutical products to prevent any kind of physical, chemical or biological changes

Question 19

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 19

the studyof the absorption, distribution, biotransformation (metabolism), and excretion of drugs

Question 20

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 20

The study of the mechanisms of action of a drug and its biological and physiological effects

Question 21

Pharmacotherapeutics

Answer 21

field that examines the treatment of disease with medicine (the response of living organisms to drugs in the presence of disease)

Question 22

Pharmacognosy

Answer 22

*** the branch of knowledge concerned with medicinal drugs obtained from plants or other natural sources

Question 23

Glycosides

Question 24

Anhydrotics

Question 25

Glucosides

Answer 25

***

Question 26

Alkaloids

Answer 26

***

Question 27

Analeptics

Answer 27

***

Question 28

Enteric coating

Answer 28

drug is covered with a special coating that prevents the drug from dissolving in the stomach

Question 29

Extra-label use and examples

Answer 29

***

Question 30

What federa governement agency is responsible for controlled drug regulation

Answer 30

DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration)

Question 31

What regulatory agency is responsible for controlled drug regulation

Answer 31

***

Question 32

Latin abbrevs

Answer 32

Other Sheet

Question 33

Suspensions (what are they and why are they special)

Answer 33

Liquid preparations that contain solid drug particles suspended in a suitable medium; Not administered IV (Propofol is the exception)

Question 34

Enteral vs Parenteral drugs

Answer 34

Enteral - delivers the medicine directly to the animal's GI tract (specifically sm intestine); Parenteral - delivers the drug by a route other than the GI tract ("excludes the intestine")

Question 35

Dose

Answer 35

The amount of drug administered to a patient at one time to achieve the desired effect

Question 36

Dosage

Answer 36

The amount of drug per body weight of the animal (or other measure such as surface area)

Question 37

Dosage Interval

Answer 37

How frequently the dosage is given

Question 38

Dosage Regimen

Answer 38

The dosage interval and dosage together

Question 39

Loading Dose

Answer 39

The initial dose of a drug given to acheive drug concentration in the therapeutic range

Question 40

Maintenance Dose

Answer 40

The Dose of drug that keeps drug concentration in the therapeutic range quickly

Question 41

Total Daily Dose

Answer 41

(ttd) the total amount of drug delivered to the patient in 24 hrs

Question 42

Compare the 4 common routes of administration by their onset of action

Answer 42

IV - rapid onset, IM relative rapid onset (30 min), SQ - Slower onset/longer duration, IP - variable onset of action, ***

Question 43

What route of administration finds aseptic technique to be critical

Answer 43

Intraarticular

Question 44

List the parts of the prescription

Answer 44

***

Question 45

List the factors that influence which route of administration

Answer 45

Speed or rapidity of onset, site of action, physical and chemical properties of the drug, potential adverse effects/reactions, dosage form of the drug available, temperament of the patient being treated, abilities of the client

Question 46

List ways to intervene if drug toxicity develops

Answer 46

Stop or remove the offending drug, enhance drug removal by the animal, counteract or reverse with an antidote if available, provide supportive nursing care

Question 47

List the items required by the FDA that must be listed on a drug label

Answer 47

Drug names, Drug concentration and quantity, name and address of manufacturer, manufacturer's control or lot number, expiration date, drug use, possible adverse effect, withdrawal time, control substance status

Question 48

ED50 vs LD50

Answer 48

ED50- the dose of the test drug that provides a desired effect in 50% of animals tested, LD50 - dose of test drug that kills 50% of animals tested

Question 49

Volatized vs Nebulized

Answer 49

Volatized - turned into gases, Nebulized - turned into a fine mist