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Pathology > Quizzy Q Path Ex 3 > Flashcards

Quizzy Q Path Ex 3 Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

What is the most common cause of death among individuals between the ages of 1-14 years?

A

Accidents

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2
Q

1 out of ______ children is born with a congenital anomaly.

A

75

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3
Q

Most chromosomal disorders are familial. True or False?

A

FALSE

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4
Q

The most common cause of infant mortality is ____________.

A

Congenital or chromosomal abnormalities

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5
Q

Fetal infections may be acquired transplacentally or ____________.

A

Transcervically

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6
Q

Respiration distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis are all conditions associated with ____________.

A

Prematurity

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7
Q

Intrauterine constraint, is an example of which error in morphogenesis?

A

Deformation

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8
Q

Virtually all chromosomal syndromes are associated with congenital malformations and are the result of abnormal gametogenesis. True or False?

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Recovery begins within ________ in uncomplicated cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome with management.

A

3-4 days

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10
Q

Fetal growth restriction is most frequently the result of complicating _______ factors.

A

Maternal

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11
Q

Neutrophils are commonly associated with the formation of hyaline membranes in infants with respiratory distress syndrome. True or False?

A

FALSE

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12
Q

In _____% of sudden infant death syndrome cases, the infant is younger than 6 months.

A

90.00%

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13
Q 
Which of the following conditions is more likely to be lethal?
Hemangioma
Lymphangioma
Hydrops fetalis
Cystic hygroma
A

Hydrops fetalis

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14
Q 
Which of the following is most common tumor among infants?
Hemangioma
Lymphangioma
Neuroblastoma
Sacrococcygeal teratoma
A

Hemangioma

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15
Q

What tumor of infancy may develop in the adrenal medulla and is likely to secrete catecholamines?

A

Neuroblastoma

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16
Q

What suggests that a 3 year old has an undiagnosed neuroblastoma?

A

Bone pain

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17
Q

A patient with a “cat’s eye reflex” may be suspected to have what condition?

A

Retinoblastoma

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18
Q

What conditions involves aniridia, genital abnormalities, and Wilms tumor?

A

WAGR syndrome

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19
Q

Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes are a characteristic of what condition?

A

Retinoblastoma

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20
Q

Most cases of retinoblastomas are (genetic/sporadic) mutations of the RB1 gene.

A

Sporadic

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21
Q

Environmental diseases are most commonly the result of chronic exposure to low levels of contaminants. True or False?

A

TRUE

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22
Q

By 2100, _____ % of the worlds population are expected to be displaced due to rising sea levels.

A

10.00%

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23
Q 
Which disease is not a major health concern related to climate changes?
A.Cardiovascular disease 
B.Respiratory disease  
C.Malaria  
D.Tuberculosis
A

Tuberculosis

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24
Q

Diseases of nutritional origin are not considered environmental diseases. True or False?

A

FALSE

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25
A substance that is not produced by an organism or expected to be found within an organism is a ___________.
Xenobiotic
26
Approximately ____% of the chemicals used within the United States have been experimentally tested for health effects.
1.00%
27
The cytochrome P-450 cellular enzyme system is primarily located in the endoplasmic reticulum of the ________.
Liver
28
Atmospheric particulates at most _______ in diameter is damaging because they may be inhaled into the alveoli and cause inflammation.
10 micrometers (so <10)
29
What pollutant is a common cause of accidental and suicidal death?
Carbon monoxide
30
The neurologic effects of lead poisoning among children are ______ and primarily impact the _______.
Irreversible; CNS
31
What neurological syndrome is associated with mercury poisoning and may cause deafness and blindness?
Minamata disease
32
Children absorb ____% of ingested lead, while adults absorb 15%.
50.00%
33
If an individual survives an episode of carbon monoxide poisoning, complete recovery is possible. True/False
TRUE
34
The decay of ________ produces radon.
Uranium
35
At age 70 years, _____% of smokers are alive.
50.00%
36
Itia-itia is associated with bone softening (osteomalacia) and renal diseases that develops secondary to ________ exposure.
Cadmium
37
``` What is not associated with exposure to arsenic? A.Basal cell carcinoma B.Carcinoma of the lung C.Malignant melanoma D.Squamous cell carcinoma ```
Malignant melanoma
38
Arsenic is toxic because it interferes with ________________.
Oxidative phosphorylation
39
Tobacco use is responsible for ____% of lung cancer diagnoses.
90.00%
40
``` Tobacco smoke is least likely to increase the rate of ________ cancer development. A. Lung B. Esophageal C. Kidney D. Oral ```
Kidney
41
Smoke has a direct effect on the tracheobronchial mucosa by _________(increasing/decreasing) mucus production.
Increasing
42
Cigarette smoke causes leukocyte recruitment to the lungs, which cause permanent injury that may result in ___________.
Emphysema
43
Alcohol consumption is responsible for 100,000 death each year and ____% are associated with driving under the influence.
50.00%
44
The effects of acute alcohol poisoning primarily involve which organ?
Central nervous system
45
Use of ______ during pregnancy is associated with fetal microcephaly growth retardation, and facial abnormalities.
Alcohol
46
Approximately 50% of Asians express form of _________, which may cause flushing and tachycardia after drinking alcohol.
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
47
Chronic alcohol consumption may be associated with hypertension and dilated congestive cardiomyopathy. True or False?
TRUE
48
Hormone replacement therapy increase HDL, decrease LDLs, and is protective against myocardial infarction. True or False?
FALSE
49
Oral contraceptives have a protective effect against development of ovarian cancer and ________ cancer.
Endometrial
50
Centrilobular hepatic necrosis is highly associated with an overdose of _______.
Acetaminophen
51
Chronic _______ toxicity commonly results in headache, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, or coma.
Aspirin
52
Chronic ______ use may result in dilated cardiomyopathy.
Cocaine
53
Up to 3% of individuals who use ______ will suffer from sudden death.
Heroin
54
``` Which type of mechanical trauma commonly demonstrates jagged or irregular boarders? Incision Puncture wound Laceration Contusion ```
Laceration
55
What form of malignant hyperthermia management reduces the mortality from 80% to 5%?
Muscle relaxants
56
What is the most common form of hyperthermia?
Heat exhaustion
57
loss of consciousness occurs when the core body temperature is reduced to _____.
90 degrees F
58
In order to warm hypothermic regions of the body, it is best to rub the regions to generate heat. True or False?
FALSE
59
What is a source of ionizing radiation associated with diagnostic imaging?
Computed tomography(CT), Bone Scan, or Radiation therapy
60
Ionizing radiation has the ability to cause apoptosis, chromosomal translocations, and may also rupture nuclear membranes. True or False?
TRUE
61
When an individual is missing at least 1 nutrient in their die it is termed _________.
Primary malnutrition
62
The visceral protein compartment is depleted most severely in patients with _________.
Kwashiorkor
63
Which form of protein-energy malnutrition manifests with hyper- and hypopigmentation of the skin with relative sparing of muscle mass? A. Kwashiorkor B. Marasmus
Kwashiorkor
64
``` Which of the following is not radiosensitive? Testicles Platelets Red Blood Cells Lens of the Eye ```
Red blood cells
65
Bitot spots represent accumulation of keratinized epithelium that is associated with a deficiency of ________.
Vitamin A
66
Vitamin A stimulates (osteoclast/osteoblast) activity and may also mimic the signs and symptoms of a brain tumor.
Osteoblast
67
Patients suffering from bulimia are (more/less) likely to present with amenorrhea, when compared to those with anorexia nervosa.
less
68
What vitamin is required to prevent osteomalacia?
Vitamin D
69
Among males, obesity is a risk factor for the development of esophageal, thyroid, colon, and kidney cancer. True or False?
TRUE
70
Factors of the personal environment have a larger effect on human health than factors of the ambientenvironment. A.True B.False
True
71
Leptin is a hormone that is regulated by which of the following? A.Pancreas B.Stomach C.Ileum or colon D.Adipocytes
D. Adipocytes

Pathology (7 decks)

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