Quizzy Questions Exam 3

Question 1

What is the most common cause of death among individuals between the ages of 1 and 14 years?

Answer 1

Accidents

Question 2

1 out of every ___ children is born with a congenital anomaly.

Answer 2

33

Question 3

Most chromosomal disorders are familial. True or False

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The most common cause of infant mortality is ___

Answer 4

Congenital or chromosomal abnormalities

Question 5

Fetal infections may be acquired transplacentally or ___

Answer 5

Transcervically

Question 6

Respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis are all conditions associated with ___

Answer 6

Prematurity

Question 7

Intrauterine constraint is an example of which error in morphogenesis?

Answer 7

Deformation

Question 8

Virtually all chromosomal syndromes are associated with congenital malformations and are the result of abnormal gametogenesis. True or False

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Recovery begins within ___ in uncomplicated cases of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome with management.

Answer 9

3-4 days

Question 10

Fetal growth restriction is most frequently the result of complicating ___ factors.

Answer 10

Maternal

Question 11

Neutrophils are commonly associated with the formation of hyaline membranes in infants with respiratory distress syndrome. True or False

Answer 11

False

Question 12

In ___ of sudden infant death syndrome cases, the infant is younger than 6 months

Answer 12

90%

Question 13

Which of the following is more likely to be lethal?

• hemangioma
• lymohangioma
• hydrops fetalis
• cystic hygroma

Answer 13

Hydrops fetalis

Question 14

Which of the following is the most common tumor among infants?

Answer 14

Hemangioma

Question 15

Which tumor of infancy may develop in the adrenal medulla and is likely to secrete catecholamines?

Answer 15

Neuroblastoma

Question 16

What is most likely to suggest that a 3 year old has an undiagnosed neuroblastoma?

Answer 16

Bone pain

Question 17

A patient with a “cat’s eye reflex” may be suspected of having what condition?

Answer 17

Retinoblastoma

Question 18

What involves aniridia, genital abnormalities, and Wilms tumor?

Answer 18

WAGR syndrome

Question 19

Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes are a characteristic finding of which condition?

Answer 19

Retinoblastoma

Question 20

Most cases of retinoblastoma are ___ mutations of RB1 gene. Genetic or Sporadic

Answer 20

Sporadic

Question 21

Factors of the personal environment have a larger effect on human health than factors of the ambient environment. True or False

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Environmental diseases are most commonly the result of chronic exposure to low levels of contaminants. True or False

Answer 22

True

Question 23

By 2100, ___ of the world’s population are expected to be displaced due to rising sea levels.

Answer 23

10%

Question 24

What is not a major health concern related to climate change?

Answer 24

Tuberculosis

Question 25

What are 3 major health concerns related to climate change?

Answer 25

Cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, malaria

Question 26

Diseases of nutritional origin are not considered environmental diseases. True or False

Answer 26

False

Question 27

A substance that is not produced by an organism or expected to be found within an organism is a(n) ___

Answer 27

Xenobiotic

Question 28

Approximately ___ of the chemicals used within the US have been experimentally tested for health effects.

Answer 28

1%

Question 29

The cytochrome P-450 cellular enzyme system is primarily located in the endoplasmic reticulum of the ___

Answer 29

Liver

Question 30

Atmospheric particulates measuring less than ___ in diameter are harmful because they may be inhaled into the alveoli and cause inflammation.

Answer 30

10 micrometers

Question 31

What pollutant is a common cause of accidental and suicidal death?

Answer 31

Carbon monoxide

Question 32

The neurologic effects of lead poisoning among children are ___ and primarily impact the ___

Answer 32

Irreversible | CNS

Question 33

What neurological syndrome is associated with mercury poisoning and may cause deafness and blindness?

Answer 33

Minamata disease

Question 34

Children absorb ___ of ingested lead, while adults absorb 15%.

Answer 34

50%

Question 35

If an individual survives an episode of carbon monoxide poisoning, complete neurological recovery is possible. True or False

Answer 35

True

Question 36

The decay of ___ produces radon.

Answer 36

Uranium

Question 37

At age 70 years, ___ of smokers are alive

Answer 37

50%

Question 38

Itai-itai disease is associated with bone softening (osteomalacia) and renal diseases that develops secondary to ___ exposure.

Answer 38

Cadmium

Question 39

What is not associated with exposure to arsenic? - basal cell carcinoma - carcinoma of the lung - malignant melanoma - squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 39

Malignant melanoma

Question 40

Arsenic is toxic because it interferes with ___

Answer 40

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 41

Tobacco use is responsible for ___ of lung cancer diagnoses.

Answer 41

90%

Question 42

Tobacco smoke wi least likely to increase the rate of ___ cancer development.

Answer 42

Kidney

Question 43

Smoke has a direct effect on the tracheobronchial mucosa by ___ mucus production. Increase/Decrease

Answer 43

Increasing

Question 44

Cigarette smoke causes leukocyte recruitment to the lungs, which cause permanent injury that may result in ___

Answer 44

Emphysema

Question 45

Alcohol consumption is responsible for 100,000 deaths each year and ___ are associated with driving under the influence.

Answer 45

50%

Question 46

The effects of acute alcohol poisoning primarily involve the ___

Answer 46

Central nervous system

Question 47

Use of ___ during pregnancy is associated with fetal microcephaly, growth retardation, and facial abnormalities.

Answer 47

Alcohol

Question 48

Approximately 50% of Asians express a defective form of ___, which may cause flushing and tachycardia after drinking alcohol.

Answer 48

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 49

Chronic alcool consumption may be associated with hypertension and dilated congestive cardiomyopathy. true or false

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Hormone replacement therapy increase HDLs, decrease LDLs, and is protective against myocardial infarction. True or False

Answer 50

False

Question 51

Oral contraceptives have a protective effect against the development of ovarian cancer and ___ cancer.

Answer 51

Endometrial

Question 52

Centrilobular hepatic necrosis is highly associated with an overdose of ___

Answer 52

Acetaminophen

Question 53

Chronic ___ toxicity commonly results in headache, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, or coma.

Answer 53

Aspirin

Question 54

Chronic ___ use may result in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Answer 54

Cocaine

Question 55

Up to 3% of individuals who use ___ will suffer from sudden death.

Answer 55

Heroin

Question 56

Which category of mechanical trauma commonly demonstrates jagged or irregular borders?

Answer 56

Laceration

Question 57

What form of malignant hyperthermia management reduces the mortality of from 80% to 5%?

Answer 57

Muscle relaxants

Question 58

What is the most common hyperthermic syndrome?

Answer 58

Heat exhaustion

Question 59

Loss of consciousness occurs when the core body temp is reduced to ___

Answer 59

90 degree F

Question 60

In order to warm hypothermic regions of the body, it is best to rub the regions to generate heat. True or False

Answer 60

False

Question 61

What is a source of ionizing radiation associated with diagnostic imaging?

Answer 61

Computed tomography

Question 62

Ionizing radiation has the ability to cause apoptosis, chromosomal translocations, and may also rupture nuclear membranes. True or False

Answer 62

True

Question 63

When an individual is missing at least 1 nutrient in their diet it is termed ___

Answer 63

Primary malnutrition

Question 64

The visceral protein compartment is depleted most severely in patients in ___

Answer 64

Kwashiorkor

Question 65

Which form of protein-energy malnutrition manifests with hyper- and hypo pigmentation of the skin with relative sparing of muscle mass?

Answer 65

Kwashiorkor

Question 66

Which of the following is not radiosensitive? - testicles - platelets - RBC - lens of the eye

Answer 66

RBC

Question 67

Bitot spots represent accumulation of keratinized epithelium that is associated with a deficiency of ___

Answer 67

Vitamin A

Question 68

Vitamin A stimulates ___ activity and may also mimic the signs and symptoms of a brain tumor. Osteoclast/Osteoblast

Answer 68

Osteoclast

Question 69

Patients suffering from bulimia are ___ likely to present with amenhorrhea, when compared to those with anorexia nervosa. More/Less

Answer 69

Less

Question 70

What vitamin is required to prevent osteomalacia?

Answer 70

Vitamin D

Question 71

Among males, obesity is a risk factor for the development of esophageal, thyroid, colon, and kidney cancer. True or False

Answer 71

True

Question 72

Leptin is a hormone that is regulated by what?

Answer 72

Adipocytes