Rabies Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the genus for rabies?
Lyssavirus
What is the most common way rabies is transmitted?
Virus containing saliva from a bite wounds
What are the main natural reservoirs of rabies? (3)
Dogs, wild carnivores, bats
Once the rabies virus has replicated within the local tissue, it enters the peripheral sensory and motor nerves, with a predilection to which recptor?
Nicotinic ACh
Once rabies has made it to the CNS, can it effect organs outside of the CNS?
Yes, including the heart and skeletal muscles
Where does production of new rabies virions occur?
Salivary glands
Up to how many days can virus be shed in dogs before the onset of clinical signs?
2 weeks
In general, what would shorten the incubation time in a dog who was bit by a rabid animal?
A bite that is closer to the CNS
What are the names of the 3 phases of rabies clinical presentation
Prodromal
Furious
Paralytic
What are some clinical signs of the prodromal phase of rabies in dogs?
Fever, licking at the site, behavioral changes
What are some signs of the furious stage of rabies
irritability, anxiousness, aggression (forebrain disease)
What are some clinical signs of the paralytic stage of rabies?
Ascending flaccid paralysis with reduces segmental reflexes, laryngeal paralysis (changes in bark), dropped jaw
How is rabies diagnosis typically made? (what test and what tissue)
Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) on brain tissue
What is a histopathological hallmark of rabies virus that is seen in 50% of dogs CNS tissue?
Negri Bodies
If a dog is exposed to a rabid wild animal, and the dog is unvaccinated, what is the protocol?
Either euthanize immediately
or
isolate for 6 months. Administer rabies vaccine immediately or 28 days before release
If a dog is exposed to a rabid wild animal, and the dog is not up to date with rabies vaccine boosters, what is the protocol?
Contact public health people and they will decided (revaccinate vs. euthanize)
If a dog is exposed to a rabid wild animal, and the dog is vaccinated, what is the protocol?
Revaccinate and keep under owners control for 45 days
If a person is bitten by a healthy dog or cat, regardless of the rabies vaccines status, what is the protocol?
Confine animal for 10 days. If animal develops illness associated with rabies, euthanize and test. Vaccinate the animal after the 10 day isolation.
If a person is bitten by a stray dog or cat, what is the protocol?
Euthanize the biting animal and submit for rabies testing
At what age should dogs and cats be vaccinated for rabies?
3-4 months of age
