Rabies. Flashcards
(42 cards)
What kind of disease is rabies?
An acute, progressive viral disease.
What kind of animals are primarily affected by rabies?
Carnivores and bats.
Although any mammal can be affected.
When will rabies become a fatal disease?
When clinical signs appear.
Does rabies have any particular distribution around the world?
It is global.
How have some countries become rabies-free?
Due to an island status or due to successful elimination programs combined with strict quarantine laws.
What is the largest reservoir for the rabies virus?
The dog.
What is the best way to eliminating canine rabies?
Good management of local animal populations, by vaccination of dogs and responsible pet ownership.
What kind of virus causes rabies?
The Lyssavirus in the family Rabdoviridae.
What kind of animals are vulnerable to being infected by rabies?
All warm-blooded animals are vulnerable to rabies.
What are 2 huge factors that affects susceptibility to rabies?
The type of virus and the bite site.
How is rabies transmitted?
In saliva from the bite of an infected animal.
What are commonly the animals that are most suseptible to rabies?
Foxes, coyote, jackals, wolves and certain rodents.
What animals in Grenada may be a large reservoir for raibies?
Mongeese.
What kind of animals are less likely to be affected by rabies?
Domestic dogs, sheep, goats, horses and nonhuman primates.
How does age affect susceptibility to rabies?
Younger animals are usually more susceptible than older ones.
What kind of viruses are highly neurotropic?
Lyssaviruses.
Other than salvia entering through a bite, what other route of transmission is far less likely to lead to the transmission of rabies?
Transmission of the virus via saliva, salivary glands, or brain can cause infection by entering via a wound.
Are animals capable of shedding the rabies vius?
Yes.
Viral shedding in skunks has been reported for up to 8 days before onset of signs.
What 4 factors will influence the incubation period of rabies?
The age of the bitten individual.
How severe the bite is.
The distance from the bite site to the spinal cord or brain.
They type and quantity of virus introduced.
How long does rabies take to develop in dogs once exposure has occurred?
Between 21–80 days after exposure.
What will the virus do once its has gained access to the body at the bite site?
It travels down the peripheral nerves to the spinal cord and ascends to the brain where it will replicate.
Will rabies affect organs other than the brain?
Yes.
After replication in the CNS, the virus may be found in nearly every organ.
What are the 3 phases that the clinical course of rabies is divided into?
Prodromal.
Acute excitative.
Paralytic/end stage.
Why are the 3 phases of rabies of little practical value?
Due to the variability of signs and the irregular lengths of the phases.
