Radiation Flashcards

1
Q

Describe mechanism of damage for microwave radiation.

A

Microwave radiation: interact with water to induce heating –> tissue damage

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2
Q

Describe mechanism of damage for infrared radiation.

A

Infrared radiation: heat –> burns, heat stress

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3
Q

Describe mechanism of damage of visible radiation.

A

Visible radiation: no effect on cells; can impact visual acuity

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4
Q

Describe 3 damaging effects of UV radiation.

A

UV radiation: sunburn, visual impairment, skin cancer

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5
Q

3 factors affecting EM radiation hazard are: time, distance, and shielding. Describe the relationship with respect to distance.

A

3 factors affecting EM radiation hazard are: time, distance, and shielding. % reduction = 1 / (d^2)

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6
Q

Which (4) forms of ionizing radiation can penetrate skin?

A

Beta, Neutrons, Gamma, Xray can penetrate skin; gamma has highest penetration

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7
Q

Describe gamma radiation in terms of its source, charge, and mass.

A

Gamma: released from nucleus of unstable radioactive atom; no charge or mass

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8
Q

Describe beta radiation in terms of its source, mass, and charge. What is it identical to?

A

Beta: emitted from nucleus of unstable atom; extremely small, charged; identical to electron

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9
Q

Describe alpha radiation in terms of source, mass, and charge.

A

Alpha: bare He nucleus (2 protons, no neutrons); high mass and charge

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10
Q

Describe acute effects of radiation in terms of threshold, dose, and targets (5).

A

Acute effects of radiation: definite threshold, requires high dose; hits skin (irritation, burn), repro (sterility); hematopoietic, gastrointestinal; CNS

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11
Q

Describe the interaction of radiation with living cells. What type of molecule is hit first? What molecules are produced? What effects do these molecules have?

A
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